Epithelial–myoepithelial carcinoma originating from minor salivary gland in the inferior turbinate: A case report and literature review

Epithelial–myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare tumor that occurs mainly in the major salivary glands. Cases occurring in the nasal cavity are rarely reported. The patient was a 48-year-old woman with a postoperative pathological diagnosis of EMC. The patient recovered well after surgery. We consulted and summarized all previous cases of nasal EMC. We also discuss the clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis of EMC of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy as a viable treatment option for locally Advanced Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of salivary gland: A case report

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive variant of salivary gland neoplasm. Perineural invasion and resistance to present chemotherapeutic drugs makes treatment more challenging. Surgery remains the treatment of choice in resectable cases with postoperative radiotherapy in selected subset. In upfront technically unresectable cases neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can be used as an option to achieve R0 resection. Here we present a case of minor salivary gland ACC that was successfully down staged and underwent R0 resection after NACT.

Lymph node ratio as a predictor for minor salivary gland cancer in head and neck

Background We investigate whether pathological continuous variables of lymph nodes were related with survival results of carcinomas of minor salivary gland carcinoma in head and neck. Methods Forty-four cases with minor salivary gland carcinoma who underwent both primary resection and neck dissection were retrospectively enrolled. The pathological continuous variables were evaluated by the number of positive lymph nodes, lymph node ratio, and log odds of positive lymph nodes. Receiver operating curve analysis was used for the cut-off values of the carcinoma-specific death. Log-rank test and Cox’s proportional hazards model were used for uni−/multi-variate survival analyses adjusting for pathological stage, respectively. Results Lymph node ratio = 0.05 as well as log odds of positive lymph nodes = − 2.73 predicted the carcinoma-specific death. Both lymph node ratio and log odds of positive lymph nodes were significantly related with survival outcomes by the univariate analysis. Lymph node ratio ≥ 0.05 was associated with shorter disease-specific (hazard ratio = 7.90, 95% confidence interval = 1.54–57.1), disease-free (hazard ratio = 4.15, 95% confidence interval = 1.48–11.2) and overall (hazard ratio = 4.84, 95% confidence interval = 1.05–24.8) survival in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion A higher lymph node ratio of minor salivary gland carcinoma is a predictor of shorter survival results.

Evaluation of histopathological results of minor salivary gland biopsies in patients with the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate which of the histomorphological criteria defined in labial salivary gland biopsy are more valuable in diagnosing Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and to examine its correlation with clinical and laboratory findings. Patients and methods: Between January 2005 and January 2019, a total of 927 patients (104 males, 823 females; mean age: 51 years; range, 19 to 85 years) who underwent minor salivary gland biopsies with the suspicion of SS were retrospectively analyzed. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) 2016 classification criteria were used for the classification of SS. We evaluated salivary gland biopsies histomorphologically for the presence and number of lymphocytic focus, as well as chronicity findings (acinar atrophy, ductal dilatation, fibrosis), the presence of lymphocytic infiltration, distribution, localization, ectopic germinal center, and mast cell count. The presence of accompanying diseases, clinical and laboratory findings including age, sex, the presence of dry eye and mouth, and autoantibodies for discriminating SS were noted. Histomorphologically, salivary gland biopsy which fulfilled the adequacy criteria for glandular tissue were compared with the other criteria used to diagnose SS. Results: Strong chronicity and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration were significantly higher in the SS group compared to the non-SS group (p<0.001). Lymphocytic focus score >1 was significantly higher in the SS group compared to the non-SS group (p<0.001). Strong chronicity, acinar atrophy, and ductal dilatation were significantly higher in the SS group compared to the non-SS group (p<0.001). Conclusion: More than one lymphocytic focus is the most valuable finding in diagnosing SS. However, it should be kept in mind that, in cases of SS, ductal dilatation, acinar atrophy, and chronicity may be present without lymphocytic infiltration.

Outcome of primary pulmonary salivary gland-type carcinoma

Introduction/Objective Primary pulmonary salivary gland-type carcinomas are rare malignancies that arise from minor salivary gland tissue present within seromucinous submucosal glands within the lower respiratory tract. Due to their rarity (~ &lt;1% of all primary lung malignancies), the epidemiological features and outcome of these malignancies are not well documented. Data from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was analyzed to identify cases of primary pulmonary salivary gland carcinoma. The most common tumor types included mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ADCC), and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMEC). The tumors were analyzed for overall survival across various epidemiological factors. Methods/Case Report All patients diagnosed with MEC, ADCC, and EMEC with the lung designated as the primary site between the period of 1975 to 2017 were analyzed. We calculated overall survival and disease-specific survival with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models using SPSS v25. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) 323 cases of MEC, 284 cases of ADCC, and 6 cases of EMEC diagnosed as primary lung carcinoma were identified. Age distribution analysis of the patients showed a unimodal distribution for both MEC and ADCC with most patients being diagnosed after the age of 40. 54% of MEC patients were male, while 48% of ADCC patients were male. The majority of patients were Caucasians (77% for MEC and 83% for ADCC patients). Both disease-specific and overall survival were worse for patients diagnosed at the age of 60 years or above. Race or sex did not significantly affect patients’ survival. High-grade MEC showed significantly worse prognosis than low or intermediate grade MEC. EMEC cases were too few (n=6) to perform reliable survival analysis, however, the age of diagnosis was higher (45 and above) with a higher incidence among black population (50%). Conclusion Comprehensive review of clinical and epidemiological features of primary salivary gland-type lung carcinoma show that the age of diagnosis and tumor grade are the most significant factor in determining the survival of these patients.