Vancomycin treatment of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections

1979 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest B. Visconti ◽  
Georges Peter
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Shunt Removal ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Vancomycin Treatment ◽  
Shunt Infections ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The successful use of vancomycin is reported in two children with shunt infections due to Staphylococcus epidermidis which failed to respond to shunt removal. The previously reported experience with this drug is reviewed. The use of vancomycin should be considered in cases of shunt infections due to susceptible micro-organisms and refractory to other therapeutic measures.

Cerebrospinal fluid antibiotic levels during treatment of shunt infections

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Wald ◽  
Robert L. McLaurin
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Antibiotic Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intraventricular Injections ◽  
Shunt Infections ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Twenty patients with documented cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections were treated with daily intraventricular injections of methicillin, cephalothin, or gentamicin without removal of the shunt or external ventricular drainage. Periodic determinations of intraventricular antibiotic concentration revealed significant levels in relation to the established minimum inhibitory concentration in all cases.

Cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections with anaerobic diphtheroids (Propionibacterium species)

1976 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dale Everett ◽  
Theodore C. Eickhoff ◽  
Richard H. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Spinal Fluid ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Central Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Shunt Infections ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The clinical and laboratory findings in six cases of anaerobic diphtheroid infection of cerebrospinal fluid shunts are described. These organisms have been infrequently reported as a cause of shunt infections but our data indicate that such infections may be more common than currently appreciated. Propionibacterium species are common contaminants of cerebrospinal fluid specimens, but when isolated from the spinal fluid of a patient with a shunt who has symptoms and signs compatible with infection, the organism should not be dismissed as a contaminant. Fever was a constant finding frequently accompanied by signs of central nervous system dysfunction. Spinal fluid pleocytosis was usually limited to 1 to 200 cells and protein and sugar values were variable. The organisms grow slowly, therefore spinal fluid cultures should be held for at least 14 days before they are reported as negative.

Cerebral cyst infection with Micrococcus sedentarius

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald R. Greene ◽  
Catherine Mc Ninch ◽  
Eldon L. Foltz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Shunt Infection ◽  
Congenital Hydrocephalus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cyst Infection ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
Brain Cysts ◽  
Shunt Infections ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A 7-year-old boy with congenital hydrocephalus and a left septate cerebral cyst presented with a shunt infection due to Micrococcus sedentarius, resistant to all penicillins. The shunt infection was persistent despite several courses of parenteral, intraventricular, and intracyst antibiotics. Evaluation of the ventricular fluid revealed adequate “killing power” against the patient's microorganism. No extracranial focus of infection could be found. Computerized tomographic scanning, along with air ventriculography, identified a noncommunicating area of the cerebral cyst. Only when communication between this location and the rest of the cyst was established were the antibiotics efficacious. Undercirculated areas of cerebrospinal fluid should be sought when shunt infections and ventriculitis persist in spite of adequate parenteral and local therapy in patients with brain cysts.

Cerebrospinal fluid shunt colonization and obstruction by Paecilomyces variotii

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodger Fagerburg ◽  
Byungse Shu ◽  
Helen R. Buckley ◽  
Bennett Lorber ◽  
John Karian
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Cardiac Valves ◽  
Paecilomyces Variotii ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lens Implantation ◽  
Noncommunicating Hydrocephalus ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A 57-year-old woman underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for noncommunicating hydrocephalus. She required several shunt revisions over a 2-year period for recurrent hydrocephalus. The shunt was subsequently found to be obstructed by growth of the saprophytic fungus, Paecilomyces variotii, an infrequent human pathogen. Paecilomyces infections have caused complications associated with prosthetic cardiac valves and synthetic lens implantation; this is the first reported association with a cerebrospinal fluid shunt.

Thermosensitive determination of patency in lumboperitoneal shunts

1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Ishiwata ◽  
Yasuhiro Chiba ◽  
Toshinori Yamashita ◽  
Gakuji Gondo ◽  
Kaoru Ide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts ◽  
Upward Deflection ◽  
Shunt Tubing ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Surface cooling and thermistor recording over shunt tubing was used in 23 studies of cerebrospinal fluid shunt patency in 19 patients with lumboperitoneal shunts and normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Shunt patency was shown by downward reflection of the recording trace similar to that obtained for ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Obstruction was demonstrated by a flat-line recording or an upward deflection.

Radionuclide estimation of cerebrospinal fluid shunt flow

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin Kuruc ◽  
Salvador Treves ◽  
Keasley Welch ◽  
Denise Merlino
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Exponential Method ◽  
Disappearance Curve ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Flow of cerebrospinal fluid through a surgically implanted valve may be estimated by analyzing the disappearance curve resulting from the injection of a radiotracer into the valve. The standard method for estimating flow assumes an exponential disappearance of the tracer from the valve. This method models the valve as a single well-mixed compartment. Experimental evidence, showing that estimates of flow were dependent upon the site of injection, is at variance with this assumption. An alternative method of analyzing the disappearance curves, based on the area to height ratio (A/H) of the curves, was found to be more consistent with the experimental evidence and resulted in greater precision than the exponential method. It was concluded that optimal results are obtained using the A/H method with a fixed injection technique.

Peritoneal cerebrospinal fluid shunt insertion: a technique for protection of the abdominal catheter

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Piatt
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Abdominal Wound ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Shunt Insertion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A minor modification of the technique of peritoneal cerebrospinal fluid shunt insertion allows more anatomical closure of the abdominal wound and may protect the shunt from contamination by superficial abdominal wound infection.

Cerebrospinal fluid ascites complicating ventriculoperitoneal shunting

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Yount ◽  
Mark C. Glazier ◽  
John Mealey ◽  
John E. Kalsbeck
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Shunt Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Shunt Infections ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Four cases of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ascites secondary to ventriculoperitoneal shunting are described. It is possible to differentiate CSF ascites from a CSF-filled pseudocyst by the characteristic bowel gas pattern on films of the abdomen and by the presence of shifting dullness. Two of the patients had active shunt infections, and had ascitic fluid with a protein level greater than 3 gm% and a white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 1000/cu mm. Both were treated successfully with antibiotics and removal of the shunt from the peritoneum. Two other patients had no evidence of infection, protein levels of less than 2 gm%, and WBC count less than 100 cu mm. These disorders resolved spontaneously. A review of 18 cases reported in the literature shows thatthe etiology of CSF ascites in the absence of shunt infection is multifactorial, and no features are consistently present in all cases. Ascites without infection may resolve spontaneously without surgical intervention.

Granulomolecular hypertrophy of the cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos disease)

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Di Lorenzo ◽  
Pierpaolo Lunardi ◽  
Aldo Fortuna
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Granule Cell ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cell Hypertrophy ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The clinical features and pathology of granule cell hypertrophy of the cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos disease) are described in a 30-year-old man. The patient, who underwent successful surgery, is the eighth reported survivor of this disease. Whether the disease is neoplastic or dysplastic is still unknown, but the lesion has growth potential, and consequently the proper treatment is surgical resection. A cerebrospinal fluid shunt was only temporarily effective in this case.

scholarly journals Cutibacterium acnes: the Urgent Need To Identify Diagnosis Markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mongaret ◽  
F. Velard ◽  
F. Reffuveille
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Shunt Infections

ABSTRACT Cutibacterium acnes role is well described during acne but remains a mystery regarding its implication in bone and prosthesis or cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections. The main issue is that these low-grade symptom infections are difficult to diagnose and lead to irreversible and grave sequelae for patients. Consequently, there is an urgent need to find new biomarkers to accelerate the diagnosis of disease, an issue addressed by Beaver et al. thanks to a promising proteomic approach.

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