Retrobulbar optic nerve cysticercosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles François Bousquet ◽  
Thierry François Laurent Dufour ◽  
Philippe Claude Eric Derome
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nerve Tumor ◽  
First Case ◽  
Aesthetic Results ◽  
Surgical Aspects ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report a first case of intraoptic neurocysticercosis in a 12-year-old boy living on Reunion Island. Cysticercosis of the retrobulbar portion of the optic nerve is rare. Because of the patient's age and disturbances in both visual acuity and visual field, it was initially believed to be an optic nerve tumor. Computerized tomography scans and surgical aspects were confirmed by pathological findings. A conservative removal using en bloc orbitotomy showed good functional and aesthetic results.

En bloc removal of the lower lumbar vertebral body for chordoma

2001 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jark J. D. Bosma ◽  
Timothy J. D. Pigott ◽  
Bruce H. Pennie ◽  
David C. Jaffray
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
En Bloc Resection ◽  
Retroperitoneal Approach ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
Lumbar Vertebral Body ◽  
Anterior Retroperitoneal Approach ◽  
Lower Lumbar ◽  
Fine Print

✓ En bloc removal of the lower lumbar vertebral bodies (VBs) is a major surgical challenge. The authors describe the surgical technique used in two patients who presented with chordoma confined to the L-5 and L-4 VB, respectively. These tumors were diagnosed using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging during investigation for back pain. Both patients underwent a combined (two-stage) anterior—posterior approach. In the first case the posterior stage of the procedure was followed by an anterior retroperitoneal approach, and in the second case a lateral retroperitoneal approach was used. Complete en bloc excision of the tumor was achieved in each case, even though in the second case the VB fractured when it was mobilized. The correlation between the MR imaging findings and surgical specimens was remarkable. The authors conclude that en bloc resection is feasible in these cases. Because mobilization of the VB is more difficult in the lateral approach, the authors favor the anterior retroperitoneal approach. The authors anticipate the need for such procedures to increase with the widespread use of MR imaging, which demonstrates the extent of these tumors with remarkable accuracy.

Entrapment neuropathy of the optic nerve due to hyperostosis associated with congenital anemia

2005 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Baba ◽  
Yoshihiro Minamida ◽  
Takeshi Mikami ◽  
Izumi Koyanagi ◽  
Kiyohiro Houkin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Surgical Decompression ◽  
Optic Canal ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Optic Canal Stenosis ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report on the case of a 14-year-old boy who presented with bilateral visual impairment due to optic canal stenosis caused by hyperplasia of the bone marrow arising from anemia. The patient had hereditary hemolytic anemia with unstable hemoglobin of the Christchurch type. This congenital form of anemia caused hyperplasia of the bone marrow as well as hyperostosis of the entire calvarial bone, which in turn led to optic canal stenosis. The patient underwent surgical decompression of the optic canal, resulting in significant improvement in visual acuity. Pathological findings in the calvarial bone indicated hypertrophic bone marrow with no other specific features such as neoplastic pattern or fibrous dysplasia. With the exception of objective hearing impairment, no other significant cranial neuropathy has been detected thus far. On reviewing the published literature, this case was found to be the first in which hyperostosis due to congenital anemia resulted in symptomatic entrapment neuropathy of the optic nerve. The authors concluded that surgical decompression effectively improves visual acuity.

Visual changes after gamma knife surgery for optic nerve tumors

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (Special_Supplement) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Kwon ◽  
Jun Seok Bae ◽  
Jae Myung Kim ◽  
Do Hee Lee ◽  
Soon Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Gamma Knife Surgery ◽  
Optic Glioma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma ◽  
Optic Nerve Tumors ◽  
Visual Changes ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Tumors involving the optic nerve (optic glioma, optic nerve sheath meningioma) are benign but difficult to treat. Gamma knife surgery (GKS) may be a useful treatment. The authors present data obtained in three such cases and record the effects of GKS.

En bloc petrosectomy using a Gigli saw for petroclival lesions

1995 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomio Sasaki ◽  
Makoto Taniguchi ◽  
Ichiro Suzuki ◽  
Takaaki Kirino
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Semicircular Canals ◽  
Petrous Bone ◽  
New Technique ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Transtentorial Approach ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report a new technique for en bloc petrosectomy using a Gigli saw as an alternative to drilling the petrous bone in the combined supra- and infratentorial approach or the transpetrosal—transtentorial approach. It is simple and easy and avoids postoperative cosmetic deformity. This technique has been performed in 11 petroclival lesions without injuring the semicircular canals, the cochlea, or the facial nerve.

Mitomycin C in preventing spinal epidural fibrosis in a laminectomy model in rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Yul Lee ◽  
Werner Stenzel ◽  
Heinrich Ebel ◽  
Christoph Wedekind ◽  
Ralf-Ingo Ernestus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ◽  
Epidural Fibrosis ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Failed Back Surgery ◽  
Back Surgery ◽  
Spinal Epidural ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Extensive epidural fibrosis after lumbar surgery may be the underlying cause in most cases of failed—back surgery syndrome. Various materials have been used to prevent epidural fibrosis, but only moderate success has been shown. Mitomycin C, an alkylosing antibiotic substance isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus, potentially supresses fibroblast proliferation after surgery. In this study, the authors investigated the effect of mitomycin C by local application on spinal epidural fibrosis in a rat laminectomy model. Methods. Five Wistar rats underwent laminectomy at cervical, thoracic, and lumbar levels. Based on data obtained from ophthalmological studies, mitomycin C was applied to the laminectomy sites in various concentrations (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/ml). One laminectomy site in each rat was left untreated and thus served as a control. Evoked potentials were measured pre- and postoperatively, and all rats underwent clinical evaluation. Mobility status and evidence of neurological deficit were recorded. Twelve weeks later, the rats were killed, and the spinal column, including surrounding muscle tissue, was removed en bloc, decalcified, and fixed in formaldehyde. Epidural fibrosis was evaluated histologically. In all mitomycin C—treated laminectomy sites, epidural scarring was significantly reduced compared with control sites. Remarkably, dural adhesions were absent in laminectomy defects treated with mitomycin C concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml. Moderate to marked epidural fibrosis with adhesion to the dura mater was noted at sites receiving 0.01 mg/ml of mitomycin C. All control sites showed dense epidural fibrosis with marked dura adherence. Conclusions. In this experimental model, mitomycin C applied locally at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml effectively reduced epidural fibrosis, completely avoided dural adherence, and induced no side effects.

Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine: clinopathological description and follow up

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Arazi ◽  
Onder Guney ◽  
Mustafa Ozdemir ◽  
Omer Uluoglu ◽  
Nuket Uzum
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
En Bloc Resection ◽  
Spinal Tumors ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report the case of a 53-year-old woman with monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine. The patient presented with a 1-month history of pain in the thoracic spinal region. En bloc resection of the lesion was successfully performed via a transthoracic approach, and a histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia. At 24-month follow-up examination, pain and vertebral instability were absent. The findings in this case illustrate that, although very rare, monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal tumors. Although a consensus for management of this disease has not been achieved, the authors recommend radical removal of all involved bone as well as internal fixation or bone graft—assisted fusion to achieve long-term stabilization.

The use of intraarterial papaverine in the management of vasospasm complicating arteriovenous malformation resection

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Morgan ◽  
Maurice J. Day ◽  
Nicholas Little ◽  
Verity Grinnell ◽  
William Sorby
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Neurological Deterioration ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
Normal Perfusion Pressure Breakthrough ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report two cases of treatment by intraarterial papaverine of cerebral vasospasm complicating the resection of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Both cases had successful reversal of vasospasm documented on angiography. In the first case sustained neurological improvement occurred, resulting in a normal outcome by the time of discharge. In the second case, neurological deterioration occurred with the development of cerebral edema. This complication was thought to be due to normal perfusion pressure breakthrough, on the basis of angiographic arterial vasodilation and increased cerebral blood flow. These two cases illustrate an unusual complication of surgery for AVMs and demonstrate that vasospasm (along with intracranial hemorrhage, venous occlusion, and normal perfusion pressure breakthrough) should be considered in the differential diagnosis of delayed neurological deterioration following resection of these lesions. Although intraarterial papaverine may be successful in dilating spastic arteries, it may also result in pathologically high flows following AVM resection. However, this complication has not been seen in our experience of treating aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage by this technique.

En bloc laminoplasty without dissection of paraspinal muscles

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noboru Hosono ◽  
Hironobu Sakaura ◽  
Yoshihiro Mukai ◽  
Takahiro Ishii ◽  
Hideki Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Neck Muscle ◽  
Open Door ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spinous Processes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Although conducting cervical laminoplasty in patients with multisegmental cord compression provides good neurological results, it is not without shortcomings, including C-5 palsy, axial neck pain, and undesirable radiologically detectable changes. Postoperative kyphosis and segmental instability can cause neurological problems and are believed mainly to result from neck muscle disruption. The authors developed a new laminoplasty technique, with the aim of preserving optimal muscle function. Methods. The present technique is a modification of unilateral open-door laminoplasty. By using an ultrasonic osteotome in small gaps of muscle bellies, a gutter is made without disrupting muscles, spinous processes, or their connections on the hinged side. Ceramic spacers are then positioned between elevated laminae and lateral masses at C-3, C-5, and C-7 on the opened side, which is exposed in a conventional manner. This new procedure was used to treat 37 consecutive patients with compression myelopathy. Postoperative computerized tomography (CT) scanning revealed a significant difference in a cross-sectional area of muscles between the hinged and opened side. The mean follow-up period was 40.2 months (range 24–54 months). Changes in alignment were observed in only one patient, and vertebral slippage developed in two. Performed at regular intervals, CT scanning demonstrated that the elevated laminae remained in situ throughout the study period. Conclusions. In using the present unilateral open-door laminoplasty technique, deep extensor muscles are left intact along with their junctions to spinous processes on the hinged side. Radiologically documented changes were minimal because the preserved muscles functioned normally immediately after the operation.

Neuroepithelial cyst in the optic nerve

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Isla ◽  
José Palacios ◽  
José M. Roda ◽  
Manuel Gutierrez ◽  
Cesáreo González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Cystic Lesion ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Neuroepithelial Cyst ◽  
Loss Of Vision ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
Suprasellar Region ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A 34-year-old woman presented with progressive loss of vision in her left eye of 2 months' evolution. Computerized tomography showed a hypodense lesion in the suprasellar region. At surgery a cystic lesion was found inside the optic nerve. Histological study proved it to be a neuroepithelial cyst. The pathogenesis of a neuroepithelial cyst in such an exceptional site is discussed.

scholarly journals Recurrent Self-Induced Nontraumatic Orbital Emphysema Causing Orbital Compartment Syndrome with Optic Nerve Dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
S. Cutting ◽  
C. Davies-Husband ◽  
C. Poitelea
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽  
First Case ◽  
Orbital Emphysema ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nerve Dysfunction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Needle Decompression

The majority of cases of orbital emphysema are due to trauma. Complications are rare, and therefore, the need for surgical intervention is uncommon. We present the first case of which we are aware in which nontraumatic orbital emphysema led to orbital compartment syndrome and subsequent optic nerve dysfunction. The patient underwent emergency needle decompression. A 51-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department with right-sided unilateral proptosis, reduced visual acuity, and binocular diplopia. This occurred after performing a Valsalva manoeuvre with no history of head trauma. He also mentioned that over the past year he had experienced multiple episodes of transient proptosis occurring after Valsalva manoeuvres. Visual acuity in the right eye was reduced to 6/21. A relative afferent pupillary defect was present and intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12 mmHg. The CT scan showed significant orbital emphysema in the medial aspect of the right orbit. Needle decompression was performed resulting in immediate resolution of his symptoms. This case demonstrates that, in cases of orbital emphysema, a lack of a history of trauma and a normal IOP cannot always be used to rule out serious pathology.

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