China's Humanitarian Aid and Efforts to Engage in International Humanitarian Assistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Soomin JEON ◽  
Chae-Deug Yi
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance

scholarly journals Humanitarian Assistance of Italy to Ukraine in 2014-2018 рр.

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-124
Author(s):  
Olga Sukhobokova
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
The Government

The article deals with the provision of humanitarian aid to Ukraine by the government and society (citizens) of Italy during the period of Russian armed aggression against Ukraine (2014-2018). Among them are the efforts of the large Ukrainian community in Italy (according to official figures in Italy, there are more than 230 thousand Ukrainians registered). The directions, volumes and methods of relief assistance for Ukrainian military and population in war-affected areas in eastern Ukraine and settlers were analyzed. It was determined that government financial assistance (over 3 million euros was allocated for 2014-2018) during this period came through international humanitarian organizations, which deal with the civilian people affected by the armed conflict and the program of demining of ukrainian territories. The Ukrainian community in Italy provides individual assistance (from individuals) and from organizations (for example, the Congress of Ukrainians in Italy, “EuroMaydan-Rome” and others). Ukrainian communities of entire cities and regions may be involved in collecting a large sum (the most active are Ukrainians in Rome, Brescia, Milan, Naples).Mostly Ukrainians provided cars for units of the Ukrainian Armed Forces and volunteer groups in the area of fighting, equipment, clothes and funds for the needs of Ukrainian defenders, as well as food and gifts for them to holidays, organized humanitarian cargoes for the victims of the war of the population. At the same time, the Ukrainian community in Italy tried to hold public information events in support of Ukraine in the early years of the Russian-Ukrainian War and inform the Italian society and authorities about the events in it.The third source of humanitarian aid for Ukraine in Italy is Italian voluntary associations such as “Italy-Ukraine-Maidan”, which independently delivers the largest humanitarian cargo to the east of Ukraine. Italy’s assistance to Ukraine is considered in the context of the socio-political processes and the foreign policy line of the Italian government. It is determined how the traditional strong ties between Italy and Russia affect for the attitude and assistance to Ukraine.

Navigating between Pragmatism and Principle: Australia’s Foreign Policy Response to the 2017 Rohingya Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Cecilia Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Human Rights Council ◽  
The Government ◽  
Defence Cooperation ◽  
Fact Finding

Abstract The escalation of violence by Myanmar’s military forces against ethnic Rohingya populations in Rakhine State in 2017 served as a test case for Australia’s commitment to R2P, and its capacity to protect populations from widespread and systematic atrocities in its own regional neighbourhood. Australia’s response to the crisis in Myanmar was mixed; it co-sponsored a UN Human Rights Council resolution to establish the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar that was instrumental in determining the extent and nature of violence committed by Myanmar’s armed forces during the so-called ‘clearance operations’, and provided substantial humanitarian aid for affected Rohingya populations. Australia has, however, been criticised for not doing enough to pressure the government of Myanmar on the issue, for maintaining defence cooperation with Myanmar throughout the crisis, and for its reluctance to accept Rohingya refugees fleeing the violence. This article examines Australia’s response to the Rohingya crisis in the areas of international, regional, and bilateral diplomacy, humanitarian assistance, and defence cooperation. It asks why Australia did not take a more proactive role in confronting atrocities committed by the Myanmar government, and identifies lessons learnt and recommendations for strengthening Australia’s atrocity prevention architecture that is consistent with Australia’s pragmatic approach to regional assistance and its principled international advocacy.

Assessment of corruption in the humanitarian assistance in Puntland State of Somalia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-118
Author(s):  
Abdinur Abdirisak Sofe
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fear Of Victimization ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government

Purpose Corruption in humanitarian aid is one of the most worried and worst problems around the world. The existence of corruption acts in humanitarian aid delivery can endanger the already susceptible lives of the neediest individuals in the community. Amid serious humanitarian allegation in the country, this study aims to capture meaningful insights in humanitarian aid corruption in Puntland State of Somalia. Design/methodology/approach The study applied qualitative method and used interview as a technique of data collection. The information obtained through the interview was analyzed by quoting and narration forms. Findings The findings indicated numerous acts of corruption in all project stages including corruption in project granting and humanitarian staff employment, distortion of project targets and diversion of humanitarian project from targeted communities. The research also found that governmental and non-governmental actors are involved in the humanitarian corruption such as project managers and support staffs in addition to line ministries, parliament and community representatives. Research limitations/implications Corruption is a taboo and is difficult to research; people do not want to share the information for fear of victimization. Concerned institutions were not willing to provide necessary materials which led to shortage of secondary data. Another problem encountered during the study has been that the humanitarian stakeholders (for instance, government, non-government and private institutions) acted reluctantly to cooperate because of suspicion that disclosing information may lead to negative effect on their business. To overcome the challenges, the study assured the confidentiality of the members and that information collected would be used for research purposes only. The study further combined various tools of data collection so that the weakness of one tool becomes the strength of the other; while the researcher made efforts to build rapport with the research participants. Originality/value This study will contribute to the literature on corruption in the humanitarian aid. Specifically, the findings of this study will benefit academicians/researchers by giving empirical insights of corruption in the humanitarian aid in Puntland. It will benefit the government policymakers in the formulation of policies to combat corruption in the sector. Donors and aid agencies may also find the findings useful as they are key stakeholders who are interested in corruption in the humanitarian sector and finally the findings will benefit the wider society that is the primary victim of corruption in the humanitarian sector.

Facilitating humanitarian assistance in international humanitarian and human rights law

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (874) ◽  
pp. 371-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Barber
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Aid Workers ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Customary International Law

AbstractIn 2008, 260 humanitarian aid workers were killed or injured in violent attacks. Such attacks and other restrictions substantially limit the ability of humanitarian aid agencies to provide assistance to those in need, meaning that millions of people around the world are denied the basic food, water, shelter and sanitation necessary for survival. Using the humanitarian crises in Darfur and Somalia as examples, this paper considers the legal obligation of state and non-state actors to consent to and facilitate humanitarian assistance. It is shown that the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols, as well as customary international law, require that states consent to and facilitate humanitarian assistance which is impartial in character and conducted without adverse distinction, where failure to do so may lead to starvation or otherwise threaten the survival of a civilian population. This paper considers whether this obligation has been further expanded by the development of customary international law in recent years, as well as by international human rights law, to the point that states now have an obligation to accept and to facilitate humanitarian assistance in both international and non-international armed conflicts, even where the denial of such assistance does not necessarily threaten the survival of a civilian population.

scholarly journals Diplomasi Indonesia dalam Menyelesaikan Krisis Pengungsi Rohingya Tahun 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-131
Author(s):  
Fuat Albayumi ◽  
Nourma Meysita Hadi ◽  
Djoko Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

The armed conflict in Rakhine in 2017 caused a humanitarian crisis for the Rohingyas. This crisis resulted in the emergence of criticism towards Myanmar government for its refusal to offer humanitarian assistance to the victims of conflict. In spite of that, the Myanmar government has closed access for foreigners, including humanitarian aid. However, Indonesia have accepted to discuss the settlement of the case. This research will examine how Indonesia's diplomacy to resolve the crisis due to the conflict in Rakhine in 2017. This research uses research literature method to collect secondary data coming from reliable source. This research is using qualitative descriptive technique and analyzed to described or interpreted to obtain a complete picture of the answer to the problem under study. The results show that in resolving the crisis for Rohingya ethnic in 2017, Indonesia conducts humanitarian diplomacy, which includes communicating with the Myanmar and Bangladesh governments and foreign parties, acting as a liaison between the Myanmar government and the international community, and negotiating with Myanmar and Bangladesh governments regarding the settlement of the Rohingya refugee crisis.

Evolving Funding Patterns of Global Programmes and Their Impacts on Governance and Operations

2019 ◽  
pp. 508-528
Author(s):  
Daniele Alesani
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Identity Change ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Performance Accountability

Macro trends in funding international aid programmes are the focus of this chapter which explains how emerging innovative financing mechanisms are contributing to shape the approach to development themes. The chapter then presents the important issue of donor-led performance accountability, in the context of a significant increase in voluntary and earmarked funding, coupled with significant competition for visibility and resources among international organizations. There are implications related to the shift in role of international organizations and the transition to an ‘indirect’ programme implementation modality, based on capacity building of developmental counterparts and cash-based humanitarian assistance. This identity change requires time and the adaptation of skills and business models. Ways forward and areas for further research are identified in relation to the drivers of collaboration and competition among international aid players. This includes increasing funding and programmatic integration between ‘development’ and ‘humanitarian’ aid and for exploiting the potential of public–private collaboration for innovative and sustainable funding for development.

Implementation of Yemeni deal will be slow and partial

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The City

Significance Representatives from the internationally recognised government and the Huthis signed three agreements on December 13 at the end of UN-sponsored talks in Sweden. The most significant of these was for a ceasefire in the city of Hodeidah, the country’s largest port and the main gateway for much-needed humanitarian aid, food and fuel. However, some breaches have already been observed. Impacts The deal is an important breakthrough, at least symbolically, and may boost the UN's standing. The release of thousands of prisoners will help build confidence between the parties. Even if only partial, a reduction in fighting around Hodeidah could help provide humanitarian assistance to millions. The understanding on the fighting around the city of Taiz is only a first step towards action on the ground.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Essential Pediatric Surgical Cases Encountered During a Decade of Large-Scale Military Humanitarian Aid Missions

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (11-12) ◽  
pp. e2143-e2149
Author(s):  
Alicia D Gaidry ◽  
Radhames E Lizardo ◽  
James M Prieto ◽  
Jason B Brill ◽  
Amy A Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complication Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
Host Nation ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Introduction Disease Control Priorities, 3rd Edition (DCP3) is an evidence-based, published resource that outlines essential procedures recommended for developing health care systems. These systems must consider various populations and the incidence of certain surgical conditions that require treatment. In relation to pediatric patients, the prevalence of certain surgical conditions encountered remains unclear in several low- and middle-income countries. Over the past 15 years, the USNS Mercy, one of the U.S. Navy’s large hospital ships, has led the Pacific Partnership missions, which provide large-scale humanitarian aid throughout Southeast Asia. The data collected during these missions provide an opportunity to analyze the scope of pediatric operations performed in resource-limited countries. This analysis may assist in future planning for specific needs during military humanitarian missions. Materials and Methods Surgical case data were prospectively collected during the six Pacific Partnership missions from 2006 to 2018. Demographic data were analyzed for all patients ≤8 years of age who underwent an operation. These data were retrospectively reviewed and all case logs were categorized by mission year, procedure-type, and host nation. Operations were classified based on 44 essential operations delineated in DCP3. Primary outcome was incidence of DCP3 essential operations. Secondary outcomes were perioperative complications. Standard statistical methods were performed for descriptive analysis. Results A total of 3,209 major and minor operations were performed during 24 port visits in nine countries. Pediatric cases represented 1,117 (38%) of these procedures. Pediatric surgeons performed 291 (26%) of these cases. Based on DCP3 criteria, 789 pediatric operations (71%) were considered essential procedures. The most common DCP3-aligned procedures were cleft lip repair (432, 57%), hernia repair (207, 27%), and hydrocelectomy (60, 8%). Operative volume for pediatric surgery was highest during the 2008 mission (522 cases), when two pediatric surgeons were deployed, and lowest during the 2018 mission (five cases), when the mission focus was on education rather than surgical procedures and lack of pediatric cases referred by the host nation. Overall complication rate for pediatric cases was 1%. Conclusions This study represents the largest known analysis of military humanitarian assistance. Pediatric operations represented over one-third of the surgical volume during Pacific Partnership missions from 2006 to 2018. The majority of cases were DCP3-aligned and associated with a low complication rate. Future humanitarian aid missions and host nations should allocate appropriate medical and educational resources to treat DCP3 pediatric surgical diseases in low- and middle-income countries to support long-term capacity building while maintaining optimal surgical outcomes.

scholarly journals Humanitarian Assistance and Permanent Settlement of Asylum Seekers in Greece: The Role of Sympathy, Perceived Threat, and Perceived Contribution

2020 ◽  
pp. 019791832094982
Author(s):  
Elisavet Thravalou ◽  
Borja Martinovic ◽  
Maykel Verkuyten
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Threat Perceptions ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Using Data

During the recent inflow of asylum seekers from the Middle East and North Africa to Europe, the native population in Greek frontier islands largely offered humanitarian assistance to these immigrants, while support for their permanent settlement in the area was low. To explain this discrepancy, we investigated whether sympathy toward asylum seekers, perceptions of threat posed by asylum seekers, and asylum seekers’ perceived societal contributions relate differently to native Greeks’ self-reported provision of humanitarian assistance and to their support for asylum seekers’ permanent settlement in Greece. Using data from a representative sample of 1,220 Greek participants, we found that Greeks who showed more sympathy toward asylum seekers were more likely to report having offered humanitarian assistance. Further, participants who felt more sympathy and those who perceived higher asylum seekers’ contributions were more positive toward asylum seekers’ permanent settlement, whereas participants who perceived more threat from asylum seekers showed less support for their permanent settlement. We conclude that policies geared toward motivating people to provide humanitarian aid to asylum seekers should focus on generating sympathy, whereas policies geared toward increasing long-term acceptance of asylum seekers need to additionally consider lowering threat perceptions and highlighting asylum seekers’ contributions.

scholarly journals PERANAN ORGANISASI BUKAN KERAJAAN (NGO) DALAM KONFLIK KEMANUSIAAN DI PALESTIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Noor Atika Shafinaz Binti Nazri
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Humanitarian aid has become one of the human rights agenda in international world. In this case, there are various international organizations including non-governmental organizations (NGOs) involved. For Malaysia, the NGO is well regarded as one of the NGOs most active in providing humanitarian aid to Palestine. The organization has been using the platform of non-governmental organizations in providing humanitarian assistance to the Palestinian people. This study focuses Viva Palestina Malaysia, which is one of Malaysia NGOs active in Palestine. It will review the activities of the police and Viva Palestina Malaysia contribution towards the Palestinians. The study will indicate the role of non-governmental organizations in the fight for the truth, raise awareness of issues, provide assistance and conduct humanitarian activities in Palestine Bantuan kemanusiaan telah menjadi salah satu agenda hak asasi manusia dalam dunia antarabangsa. Terdapat pelbagai organisasi antarabangsa termasuk Organisasi Bukan Kerajaan (NGO) yang terlibat dalam hal ini. Bagi Malaysia, NGO itu dengan baik dianggap sebagai antara kumpulan organisasi bukan kerajaan yang paling aktif dalam menyediakan bantuan kemanusiaan ke Palestin. Organisasi ini telah menggunakan platform bukan kerajaan dalam menyalurkan bantuan kemanusiaan kepada rakyat Palestin. Kajian ini memfokuskan Viva Palestina Malaysia yang merupakan salah satu NGO dari Malaysia bergiat aktif di Palestin. Ia akan mengkaji aktiviti, polisi dan sumbangan Viva Palestina Malaysia terhadap Palestin. Kajian akan menunjukkan peranan organisasi bukan kerajaan dalam memperjuangkan kebenaran, meningkatkan isu kesedaran, menyediakan bantuan dan menjalankan aktiviti kemanusiaan di Palestin

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