Between Halal and Haram: The Challenges and Adaptation of Halal Dietary Consumption Indonesian Muslim Immigrants in Japan

<p>This study examines the challenges and adaptation strategies of Halal food consumption by Indonesian Muslim immigrants in Japan. Since April 2019, Japan’s government decided to accept foreign workers under Specified Skills Visa Program to address the labor shortages in the country. This new policy will encourage more Muslim immigrants from Indonesia to search for higher income in Japan. The growing population of Muslim immigrants in Japan and inbound tourists from Islamic countries has triggered the development of Halal food products in Japan. The research uses a qualitative approach supplemented with semi-structured interviews of Indonesian Muslim Immigrants from various locations in Japan. This study has found that the Indonesian Muslim immigrants face three challenges to maintain their Halal dietary consumption. The different culture of social life has put social pressure on Muslim immigrants to follow the Japanese drinking and hangout habits. The difficulties of accessibility and a lack of variety of Halal food products make it a less appealing choice for busy-scheduled people. There is no legal body that has the authority to give Halal certification. Theory of deviance typology is used to analyze the adaptation strategy formed as the result of these challenges. There are four types of adaptation strategy formed by Indonesia Muslim immigrants: Conformity, Innovation, Ritualism, and Retreatism.</p><p class="abstrak"><em>Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang tantangan dan strategi adaptasi konsumsi makanan halal oleh imigran Muslim Indonesia di Jepang. Sejak April 2019, pemerintah Jepang memutuskan untuk menerima pekerja asing di bawah Program Visa Keterampilan Khusus untuk mengatasi kekurangan tenaga kerja di Jepang. Kebijakan baru ini akan mendorong lebih banyak imigran Muslim dari Indonesia untuk mencari penghasilan yang lebih tinggi di Jepang. Meningkatnya populasi imigran Muslim di Jepang dan masuknya turis dari negara-negara Islam telah memicu berkembangnya produk makanan Halal di Jepang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang dilengkapi dengan wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap Imigran Muslim Indonesia dari berbagai lokasi di Jepang. Studi ini menemukan bahwa para imigran Muslim Indonesia memiliki tiga tantangan untuk mempertahankan konsumsi makanan halal mereka. Budaya kehidupan sosial yang berbeda telah memberikan tekanan sosial bagi imigran Muslim untuk mengikuti kebiasaan minum alkohol dan cara pergaulan orang Jepang. Kesulitan aksesibilitas dan kurangnya variasi produk makanan halal menjadikannya pilihan yang kurang menarik bagi orang-orang dengan jadwal sibuk. Tidak ada satu pun badan hukum yang berwenang memberikan sertifikasi halal. Teori tipologi penyimpangan digunakan untuk menganalisis strategi adaptasi yang terbentuk akibat tantangan tersebut. Ada empat jenis strategi adaptasi yang dibentuk oleh Imigran Muslim Indonesia: Conformity, Innovation, Ritualism, and Retreatism.</em></p>

Religion, Constitution, and Human Rights: An Overview of Muslim Life and Religious Freedom in the United States

<p class="abstrak">The United States Constitution affirms that religious freedom is a fundamental human right regardless of religion. It is upheld by every citizen and the country. However, the political policies in a particular country are often considered to paralyze fundamental rights in religion, causing various problems in Muslim life at the social and political levels. This research aims to analyze the intersectional dynamic of religion, constitution, and Muslim human rights towards life and religious freedom in the United States. This qualitative research uses the lens of political approach. Primary data are taken from the United States Constitution and policies, and supported by secondary data from various books, scientific articles, and news. The results suggest that religious sentiment (Islam) is found in the political policies of the United States. Currently, unconstitutional and discriminative policies are gradually removed because it triggers the social and political chaos. The United States constitution strives towards a pluralist and multi-religious country rebuilding that is safe and peaceful for religion as guaranteed by the constitution. In fact, the public and political spaces have been occupied by many Muslims in an effort to resolve the problems of state and human rights, including the religious sentiment issues.</p>

Muhammadiyah Covid-19 Islamic Boarding School: A Complete Self-Isolation Model With Neurospritual and Psychosocial Approaches

<p class="abstrak">The purpose of this study was to analyze the Covid-19 Muhammadiyah Islamic boarding school with the complete independent isolation model. The subjects of this study consisted of Covid-19 patients and leaders of Covid-19 Islamic boarding schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. This research was conducted at the Covid-19 Muhammadiyah Islamic Boarding School in Yogyakarta, which was located at the PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques using direct interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique followed the Miles and Huberman model, namely data display, data reduction, and data verification. The validity of the data using triangulation. The results showed that the approach model used was complete self-isolation, on psychosocial and neurospiritual aspects. With the development of social relations on the psychosocial aspects, patients feel healthy and not stressed. As for the increase in priests and spiritual neurospiritual perspectives, it helps the immunity of Covid-19 patients to remain stable and their good deeds are better. This research has implications for Covid-19 patients in repairing and coaching related to social behavior and religious behavior during the Covid-19 period.</p><p class="abstrak" align="left"><strong> </strong><em>Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis pesantren Covid-19 Muhamamdiyah dengan model Isolasi mandiri paripurna. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari pasien Covid-19 dan pimpinan pesantren Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitataif jenis studi tudi kasus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di pesanren Covid-19 Muhamamdiyah Yogyakarta yang bertempat di Rumah sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara langusng, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data mengikuti model Miles dan Huberman yaitu display data, reduksi data, dan verifikasi data. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pendekatan yang diguanakn isolasi mandiri paripurna, pada aspek psikososial dan Neurospiritual. Dengan adanya pembinaan hubungan sosial pada aspek psikososial pasien merasa sehat dan tidak stress. Adapun peningkatan imam dan spiritual perpespektif neurospiritual membantu imun pasien Covid-19 tetap stabil dan lebih baik amal sholehnya. Penelitian ini berimplikasi terhadap pasien Covid-19 dalam perbaikan dan pembinaan yang berhubungan dengan prilaku sosial dan prilaku beragama di masa Covid-19.</em></p>

The New Da’wah Strategy among Millennial Generations through Tiktok During Pandemic

<p><span>This research focuses on the strategy of public figures who develop religious content in order to spread religious values </span><span>among the millennial generation, especially during the pandemic. The rampant use of the TikTok platform during the COVID-19 pandemic was not only deployed as an entertainment medium but was also used by many people to be able to spread propaganda and missions to disseminate religious values </span><span>among the millennial generation. This is due to the popularity of that platform has skyrocketed, making some content creators and public figures develop the marketing of their ideological values </span><span>on social media. By using the theory of social change and the concept of the development of communication, the authors try to analyze the phenomena that in question. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with the TikTok application observation technique and seeks to explore various information in depth to find various facts that can explain this phenomenon. We also found that millennials who use the TikTok platform often start to look at various religious content and some are even active in filling the content because they are inspired by public figures who spread similar content. Moreover, some lecturers often provide religious information using music or duet features so as to encourage application users to spread religious teachings and share religious knowledge.<strong></strong></span></p><p><em><span lang="IN">Penelitian ini berfokus pada strategi tokoh masyarakat yang mengembangkan konten religi dalam rangka menyebarkan nilai-nilai agama di kalangan generasi milenial, terutama di masa pandemi. Maraknya penggunaan platform TikTok di masa pandemi COVID-19 tidak hanya dijadikan sebagai media hiburan tetapi juga dimanfaatkan oleh banyak orang untuk bisa menyebarkan dakwah dan misi penyebarluasan nilai-nilai agama di kalangan generasi milenial. Hal ini dikarenakan popularitas platform tersebut yang meroket, membuat beberapa content creator dan public figure mengembangkan pemasaran nilai-nilai ideologisnya di media sosial. Dengan menggunakan teori perubahan sosial dan konsep perkembangan komunikasi, peneliti mencoba menganalisis fenomena yang terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik observasi aplikasi TikTok dan berupaya menggali berbagai informasi secara mendalam sehingga mampu menemukan berbagai fakta yang dapat menjelaskan fenomena tersebut. Kami juga menemukan bahwa generasi milenial yang menggunakan platform TikTok sering mulai melihat berbagai konten religi dan bahkan ada yang aktif mengisi konten tersebut karena terinspirasi oleh tokoh masyarakat yang menyebarkan konten serupa. Apalagi beberapa dosen sering memberikan informasi agama dengan menggunakan fitur musik atau duet sehingga mendorong pengguna aplikasi untuk dapat menjalankan ajaran agama dan membagikan ilmu agama</span></em></p>

Strategy Management In Overcoming Religion Conflicts In Plural Communities In Mopuya Selatan Village, Bolaang Mongondow District

<p class="abstrak">This research aims to discuss the pluralism in heterogeneous region that focuses on three communities of different religions living side by side in harmony and peace. The Plural community develops in South Mopuya Village makes the prevention of conflict needs to be improved.. Researcher discusses how the strategies of religious leaders does and government give understanding to Mopuya’s society to avoid and prevent conflict in plural society. This research is using qualitative method. The data are gained by using some techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. Data obtained will be analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. Plurality in this study, assimilation of activities, Need each other at work and increasing awareness of the importance of education, tabligh <em>da’wah</em> and worship tolerance are strategies to prevent conflict. Persuasive approach and language equality as unifying solution for a plural society to live in harmony and peace.</p><p class="abstrak"> </p><p><em>Masyarakat Plural berkembang di Desa Mopuya Selatan menjadikan pencegahan konflik antar umat beragama perlu ditingkatkan. Peneliti akan mengkaji pluralisme di wilayah heterogen yang terfokus pada keagamaan dengan tiga komunitas penganut agama yang berbeda hidup berdampingan dengan rukun dan damai. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana strategi tokoh agama dan pemerintah dalam memberikan pemahaman kepada umatnya untuk menghindari dan mencegah konflik pada masyarakat plural dan bagaimana tantangan serta solusi tokoh lintas agama dalam mengatasi konflik pada masyarakat plural. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Pluralitas dalam studi ini, asimilasi kegiatan, saling membutuhkan dalam pekerjaan dan meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya pendidikan, dakwah tabligh dan toleransi ibadah menjadi strategi mencegah konflik. Pendekatan persuasif dan penyetaraan bahasa sebagai solusi pemersatu masyarakat plural untuk hidup rukun dan dama</em><em>i.</em><em></em></p><p class="abstrak" align="center"> </p>

The Significance of Tabayyun Practice as Conflict Resolution in Indonesian Society

<p class="abstrak">This article seeks to explain the significance of Tabayyun's practice as conflict resolution in Indonesian society. Indonesia is a multicultural country with considerable potential for conflict. To prevent that, it is necessary to be aware in the community to be open to each other and try to find clarity on a problem/information so as not to cause prolonged conflict. In Islamic Theology, the practice is called Tabbayun. The research problem in this study is the extent to which the significance of Tabayyun's practice can be a conflict resolution in Indonesian society? This research uses a qualitative approach using library methods and is also supported by data from interviews with Muslim figures who have practiced tabayyun in resolving conflicts in society. The results of this study show that tabayyun practice has a very big meaning in solving social conflicts in Indonesian society because it can improve the quality of information conveyed and received, clarify the root causes in a conflict, prevent disasters due to unclear root problems in conflict, and foster social ethics based on religious values in Islamic theology.</p><p class="abstrak"><em>Artikel ini berupaya menjelaskan pentingnya praktik Tabayyun sebagai penyelesaian konflik di masyarakat Indonesia. Masalah penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah sejauh mana signifikansi praktik Tabayyun dapat menjadi penyelesaian konflik di masyarakat Indonesia?. Indonesia adalah negara multikultural dengan potensi konflik yang cukup besar. Untuk mencegah hal itu, perlu diwaspadai di masyarakat untuk saling terbuka dan berusaha mencari kejelasan sebuah permasalahan/informasi agar tidak menimbulkan konflik yang berkepanjangan. Dalam Teologi Islam, praktik ini disebut Tabbayun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode kepustakaan dan juga didukung dengan data hasil wawancara dengan tokoh-tokoh muslim yang telah mengamalkan tabayyun dalam menyelesaikan konflik di masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik Tabayyun memiliki arti yang sangat besar dalam penyelesaian konflik sosial di masyarakat Indonesia karena dapat meningkatkan kualitas informasi yang disampaikan dan diterima, memperjelas akar permasalahan dalam sebuah konflik, mencegah bencana karena ketidakjelasan akar permasalahan dalam konflik, dan menumbuhkan etika sosial berdasarkan nilai-nilai agama dalam teologi Islam.</em></p>

Construction of the Wali Pitu’s Sacredness and Islamic Veneration in Balinese Hindu Civilization

<p class="abstrak">This article explains the <em>Wali Pitu</em> (the seven saints) as a new form of veneration dynamics in Indonesia, which was built by the sacredness of Bali as the heart of Hindu culture in Indonesia. This phenomenon is unique and interesting, because the seven tombs of Muslim saints are venerated by Hindus of the region. This study uses a qualitative approach with the case-study method, extracting data as documentation from the notes of Toyyib Zaen Arifin during the expedition to search the seven graves, and interviews with members of the Manaqib al-Jamali, guidance, organizers and religious tourism congregations, as well as several caretakers of the tombs. This article describes the sacred construction of the discovery of the seven sainthoods tombs and their cults and their dynamics as a new form of the veneration of saints in Indonesia, one that differs from the other forms of veneration in Java which has been deeply rooted for a long time, such as the <em>Wali Songo</em> (the nine saints).</p><p class="abstrak" align="left"> </p><p><em>Artikel ini berupaya menjelaskan Wali Pitu (tujuh wali) sebagai bentuk baru dinamika venerasi di Indonesia yang dibangun oleh sakralitas Bali sebagai jantung peradaban Hindu. Fenomena ini sangat unik dan menarik dimana kedua korpus yang diteliti sangat kontradiktif namun menjadi sebuah realitas nyata, dimana tujuh makam wali Muslim ditemukan di Bali sebagai jantung peradaban Hindu. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, penggalian data berupa dokumentasi dari hasil catatan Toyyib Zaen Arifin selama ekspedisi pencarian tujuh makam wali, dan wawancara kepada anggota manaqib al-Jamali, pembimbing, penyelenggara dan jama’ah wisata religi, serta beberapa juru kunci makam Wali Pitu. Artikel ini menjelaskan konstruksi sakralitas atas penemuan tujuh makam wali dan pengkultusannya serta dinamikanya sebagai wujud baru venerasi orang suci di Indonesia yang berbeda dengan venerasi sebelumnya di Jawa yang sudah mengakar kuat sejak lama (Wali Songo).</em></p>

Da’wah as an Alternative Approach in Covid-19 Health Protocol Campaign

<p class="abstrak">This research aims to elaborate the communication strategy of Islamic Religious Counselors because communication strategies are an important aspect in the process of effectively transferring messages to the audiences. Islamic Religious Counselors are civil servant preachers who carry the mandate from the government to campaign for the Covid-19 health protocols through the da’wah (Islamic communication/propagation) approach. Da’wah and health materials are two different materials that pose challenges for Islamic Religious Counselors, especially in the communication patterns used. The research method used qualitative approach and multi-track communication theory by Thomas Tufte and Paolo Mefalopulos. Data were collected through structured interviews with six informants of Islamic Religious Counselor in Kalasan District and non-participant observations on each of their da’wah activities. The results showed that the preaching activities include recitation, socialization, social service and building relationships carried out with a multi-track communication strategy through a combination of a dialogic and one-step flow communication. Da’wah through a multi-track communication strategy has an impact on the affective side of religious congregations including attitudes, knowledge and awareness. Actualization of Islamic Religious Counselor is a viable alternative approach of the government and community in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic.</p><p class="abstrak" align="left"><em>Penyuluh Agama Islam adalah pendakwah aparatur sipil negara yang mengemban amanah dari pemerintah untuk dapat mengampanyekan protokol kesehatan Covid-19 melalui pendekatan dakwah. Materi dakwah dan kesehatan merupakan dua materi berbeda yang menimbulkan tantangan bagi Penyuluh Agama Islam khususnya dalam pola komunikasi yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi strategi komunikasi Penyuluh Agama Islam karena strategi komunikasi merupakan aspek penting dalam proses transfer pesan kepada khalayak secara efektif. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan menggunakan teori komunikasi multi-track dari Thomas Tufte dan Paolo Mefalopulos. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan informan berjumlah 6 orang Penyuluh Agama Islam di Kecamatan Kalasan dan observasi non-partisipan pada setiap kegiatan dakwah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas dakwah Penyuluh Agama Islam meliputi pengajian, sosialisasi, bakti sosial dan membangun relasi dilakukan dengan strategi komunikasi multi-track melalui kombinasi pendekatan komunikasi dialogis dan pendekatan satu arah. Dakwah melalui strategi komunikasi multi-track berdampak pada sisi afektif jama’ah meliputi sikap, pengetahuan dan kesadaran. Aktualisasi Penyuluh Agama Islam memberikan sebuah kontribusi sebagai alternatif pendekatan pemerintah maupun komunitas dalam menangani bencana Covid-19.</em></p>

Youth’s Behaviour Towards Halal Tourism In West Sumatra

<p class="abstrak">Research on the behavior of the millennial generation towards halal tourism in Indonesia is still limited This article aims to look at millennial generations' role (especially students) in visit halal tourism in the West Sumatra region. The research method used is quantitative with the sampling technique is purposive sampling, so that the data analyzed is valid. The analytical method used is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method with SmartPLS software. The number of respondents was 156. This study indicates that the Islamic Religiosity variable significantly influenced millennial attitudes and behaviour in purchasing halal tourism. Meanwhile, the variable of halal tourism knowledge in this study influenced their behaviour significantly. Still, it did not significantly affect their attitudes. Islamic Religious Millennial generation has a significant effect on attitudes toward purchasing halal tourism. Halal knowledge of the millennial generation, Islamic Religious Millenial, and Attitude significantly influences purchasing halal tourism.</p><p><em>Penelitian mengenai perilaku millennial terhadap wisata halal di Indonesia masih terbatas. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran generasi milenial (khususnya mahasiswa) dalam kunjungan ke wisata halal di wilayah Sumatera Barat. Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling, sehingga data yang dianalisa akan valid. Metode analisa yang digunakan adalah metode Structural Equation Model (SEM) dengan software SmartPLS. Jumlah responden 156. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel Religiusitas Islam berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap dan perilaku milenial dalam pembelian wisata halal. Sedangkan variabel pengetahuan pariwisata halal dalam penelitian ini berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku mereka. Meski begitu, hal itu tidak terlalu mempengaruhi sikap mereka. Generasi Milenial Religius Islam berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap pembelian wisata halal. Pengetahuan Halal Generasi Milenial, Milenial Religius Islam, dan Sikap berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku pembelian wisata halal.</em></p>

Nationalism and Islam in Religious Learning: Optimization of Insan Kamil Character Building

<p>This study aims to explain that religious learning held in public schools is able to instill the values of nationalism and Islam, thus forming the character of students of <em>insan kamil</em>. This theory refutes the opinion which states that religious education creates civic conflict and cannot be a complement to civic education. This research complements several previous studies by adding research on Rohis<em> </em>(spiritual learning program) as part of religious learning in public schools. The research method used is a mix-method research with qualitative analysis and a sociological approach. The conclusion of this study is that religious learning, both in terms of material and methodology, is able to instill the value of religious-nationalism. The internalization of the values of nationalism-religion is applied in PAI (Islamic) learning in the classroom which is guided by teachers, and religious learning in Rohis which is guided by mentors</p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bahwa pembelajaran agama yang diselenggarakan di sekolah umum mampu menanamkan nilai-nilai nasionalisme dan Islam, sehingga membentuk karakter peserta didik yang insan kamil. Teori ini membantah pendapat yang menyatakan bahwa pendidikan agama berpotensi melahirkan konflik kewarganegaraan dan tidak mampu menjadi komplemen pendidikan kewarganegaraan. Penelitian ini melengkapi beberapa penelitian terdahulu dengan menambahkan penelitian pada pembelajaran Rohis sebagai bagian dari pembelajaran agama di sekolah umum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah mix-method research dengan analisis kualitatif dan pendekatan sosiologi pendidikan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa pembelajaran agama, baik dari segi materi dan metodologinya mampu menanamkan nilai nasionalisme-religius. Internalisasi nilai nasionalisme-religius ini diterapkan dalam pembelajaran PAI di kelas yang dibimbing oleh guru dan pembelajaran agama di Rohis yang dibimbing oleh para mentor</em>