scholarly journals Paul’s "Fullness of Time” (Gal 4:4) and "Fullness of Times” (Eph 1:10)

Verbum Vitae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rambiert-Kwaśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Greek Literature ◽  
Similar Expression ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
First Time

The expression “the fullness of time/times” is problematic because it was used for the first time in all of Greek literature by Paul, the Apostle to the Nations. A similar expression can be found only in certain papyri, where “the completion of times” was the expression used to call, among others, the end of a loan period. The only key to understanding the connotation of “the fullness of time/times” is an in-depth analysis of the immediate textual contexts of both Galatians 4:4 and Ephesians 1:10, the two places where this novelty is found. This article is an attempt to interpret the “fullness of time/times” in Galatians 4:4 and Ephesians 1:10 (with the addition of Mark 1:15). Our conclusion is that in Galatians 4:4 “the fullness of time” should be considered as “the end of the domination of Law.” As for Ephesians 1:10, there are multiple valid proposals for explaining “the fullness of times”, and we have not limited ourselves to any one in particular.

Rhythmic Prose in Imperial Greek Literature

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
System A ◽  
First Time

The chapter looks at the division between poetry and prose in ancient and other literatures, and shows the importance of rhythmic patterning in ancient prose. The development of rhythmic prose in Greek and Latin is sketched, the system explained and illustrated (from Latin). It is firmly established, for the first time, which of the main Greek non-Christian authors 31 BC–AD 300 write rhythmically. The method takes a substantial sample of random sentence-endings (usually 400) from each of a large number of Imperial authors; it compares that sample with one sample of the same size (400) drawn randomly from a range of authors earlier than the invention of this rhythmic system. A particular sort of X2-test is applied. Many Imperial authors, it emerges, write rhythmically; many do not. The genres most likely to offer rhythmic writing are, unexpectedly, narrative: historiography and the novel.

Plutarch's Rhythmic Prose

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Prose Rhythm ◽  
First Time

Greek literature is divided, like many literatures, into poetry and prose; but in the earlier Roman Empire, 31 BC to AD 300, much Greek (and Latin) prose was written in one organized rhythmic system. Whether most, or hardly any, Greek prose adopted this patterning has been entirely unclear; this book for the first time adequately establishes an answer. It then seeks to get deeper into the nature of prose-rhythm through one of the greatest Imperial works, Plutarch’s Lives. All its phrases, almost 100,000, have been scanned rhythmically. Prose-rhythm is revealed as a means of expression, which draws attention to words and word-groups. (Online readings are offered too.) Some passages in the Lives pack rhythms together more closely than others; the book looks especially at rhythmically dense passages. These do not occur randomly; they attract attention to themselves, and are marked out as climactic in the narrative, or as in other ways of highlighted significance. Comparison emerges as crucial to the Lives on many levels. Much of the book closely discusses particular dense moments, in commentary form, to show how much rhythm contributes to understanding, and is to be integrated with other sorts of criticism. These remarkable passages make apparent the greatness of Plutarch as a prose-writer: a side not greatly considered amid the huge resurgence of work on him. The book also analyses closely rhythmic and unrhythmic passages from three Greek novelists. Rhythm illuminates both a supreme Greek writer, Plutarch, and three prolific centuries of Greek literary history.

scholarly journals Analysis of Natural Gas Consumption by the Industrial Sector of Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Tamin ◽  
Lutfar Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption ◽  
First Time

The natural gas consuming sectors in Bangladesh are: i) Power, ii) Fertilizer, iii) Industry, iv) Captive power, v) Domestic, vi) Commercial, and vii) Transportation (CNG). Broad sectoral consumptions are reported in various literatures and reports, however, further breakdown of the data are difficult to find, and neither reported. The combined consumption of fertilizer, industry and captive power sectors is a significant portion of national gas consumption. This paper presents for the first time an in-depth analysis of the industrial sector gas consumption. Data were collected for each type of industry, and grouped according to the United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change (UNFCCC). Captive generation is included in the industrial sector consumption, unlike the usual practice of considering it under the power generation. It is noticed that garments, textile and leather industries together have shown remarkable growth in the last decade. All the industries are more or less related to the national GDP growth. Some are export oriented while others address the internal market. Therefore analysis presented here should be helpful for policy makers to prioritize the sectors in case preferential supply and tariff adjustments become necessary.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i1.15846 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vol. ChE. 27, No. 1, June 2012: 1-7

Mediaeval Rhodian Love-Poems

1880 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
H. F. Tozer
Keyword(s):  
Early Death ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Initial Letter ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Important Addition ◽  
First Time

The study of mediaeval Greek literature has lately experienced a serious loss in the early death of Dr. W. Wagner, who by his Medieval Greek Texts, published for the English Philological Society, his Carmina Graeca Medii Aevi, and other works on the same subject, has deserved well of all who are interested in the writings of that period. Not the least important addition to our knowledge of this branch of literature is that which he made shortly before his death by publishing The Alphabet of Love (Ὁ ἀλφάβητος τῆς ἀγάπης, Leipzig: Teubner). The manuscript from which this is printed for the first time was discovered by him in the British Museum during the spring of 1878, and it contains a collection of love-poems in the usual Greek ballad-metre, which were partly arranged according to their initial letter; this system Dr. Wagner has introduced throughout, whence the name The Alphabet of Love. The place of their composition is shown by internal evidence to have been Rhodes, for in one of the poems the writer represents her lover, who has gone into foreign lands, as saying that he had left her in that island—

A New End-title in the Herculaneum Papyri and the First Case of a Preserved subscriptio in One of the Books Assigned to Philodemus’ Systematic Arrangement of the Philosophers (PHerc. 327)

Mnemosyne ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziano Ranocchia
Keyword(s):  
Greek Literature ◽  
First Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Internal Arrangement ◽  
First Time

AbstractPhilodemus’ Systematic Arrangement of the Philosophers is witnessed only once in Greek literature (D.L. 10.3). This notwithstanding, several Herculaneum papyri have been assigned to it on various grounds. However, these assignments rest on varying degrees of probability, not least because the name of the author and the title of the work do not survive in any of these books. PHerc. 327, which hands down the so-called [History of the Eleatic and the Atomistic Schools], represents the first such case. I was able to detect its end-title for the first time and to read the name of its author, who is confirmed to be Philodemus. This increases the probability that also other three books which have historically been assigned to this treatise, and whose hands show a close likeness to each other and to PHerc. 327, effectively belong to it, thereby reinforcing the current communis opinio about its internal arrangement.

scholarly journals Ostracod Fauna: Eyewitness to Fifty Years of Anthropic Impact in the Gulf of Trieste. A Potential Key to the Future Evolution of Urban Ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6954
Author(s):  
Gianguido Salvi ◽  
Alessandro Acquavita ◽  
Massimo Celio ◽  
Saul Ciriaco ◽  
Stefano Cirilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Gulf Of Trieste ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
First Time

For the first time, the distribution and modifications of living ostracod associations present in the Gulf of Trieste (GoT) in relation to alterations caused by human activity in the last 20 years were investigated. The results were compared with the main physicochemical parameters (especially nitrogen and phosphorus) measured over the same period, which can lead to a general decrease in environmental quality. For a more in-depth analysis of the changes recorded by ostracods in the last 50 years, a period in which eutrophication and anoxia increased, we revisited the study carried out by Masoli in the GoT in 1967. The results obtained made it possible to verify how, over the last 20 years, ostracod assemblages have suffered a decrease both qualitatively and quantitatively. Most of the species recovered show characteristics of opportunism and tolerance to environmentally stressful conditions, high organic matter concentrations, and oxygen deficiency. The ostracods analyzed in 1967 showed similar results with few dominant opportunistic species. We verified how ostracods recorded in GoT, similar to Mollusks and Foraminifera, have been impaired by the possible environmental crisis linked to the recurrence of mucilage and hypoxic events documented for the GoT in the last 50 years. Finally, a comparison with the best environmental conditions found in the Marine Nature Reserve of Miramare (MPA) allowed us to emphasize the important role of protected areas to avoid loss of biodiversity due to urbanization.

Subject to Emotion: Exploring Madness inOrestes

1993 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Theodorou
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Human Response ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Mental Disturbance ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
First Time ◽  
Human Emotionality

Madness and emotion could be said to share, to a certain extent, their definition as kinds of human response to influences from their environment. The connection between madness and emotion is stressed in modern psychological observations establishing strong links between the causation of madness and human emotionality. Despite the fact that similar insights were absent from Greek medical theorists, or indeed from other contemporary writers, this would come as no surprise to either Sophokles or Euripides. Both tragedians handled their material in such a way as to demonstrate how the strong pressures of familial or social influences can lead to mental disturbance. While it is most probably Sophokles who, for the first time, turns to the influence of internal forces in the process of madness, the lack of subject matter in his surviving plays allows us little scope for further comparison. On the other hand, Euripides seems to have dedicated more of his portrayals to madness. These portrayals offer an almost unique opportunity to examine the introduction, not only in drama but perhaps in the whole of Greek literature, of the emotions as contributing factors in madness.

scholarly journals Role of RBC membrane protein palmitoylation in regulation of molecular topology and susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum invasion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumya Pati ◽  
Preeti Yadav ◽  
Geeta Kumari ◽  
Rex D.A.B ◽  
Sangam Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Molecular Topology ◽  
Parasite Invasion ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Protein Pool ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Protein Palmitoylation ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
First Time

AbstractSqueezability of biconcave RBC raises a fundamental query, about, how it can restructure its bendable cytoskeleton for efficient micro-circulation. We report for the first time, the existence of dynamic palmitoylome in RBC composed of 118 palmitoylated proteins that reduced to 42 upon treatment with 2BP, a generic inhibitor of palmitoylation. In-depth analysis revealed that Semaphorin7A, CR1 and ABCB6, the known RBC receptors for P. falciparum were reduced to negligible in 2BP-treated RBCs, suggesting palmitoylation-dependent recruitment of parasite-specific receptors. Interestingly, Kell, a single disulphide-linked co-partner in Kell-Kx complex was undetected in 2BP-treated RBCs, while Kx remained intact. RBCs-blocked with anti-Kell antibody demonstrated signficant reduction in parasite invasion, thus suggesting it as a receptor proto-type for P. falciparum invasion. Finally, reduced expression of Kell in palmitoylated protein pool of sickle-cell RBC ghost, with its diminished surface representation in these RBCs, proposed Kell, as one of the novel receptor-prototype for P. falciparum invasion.

scholarly journals High throughput detection and genetic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 using COVIDSeq next-generation sequencing

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247115
Author(s):  
Rahul C. Bhoyar ◽  
Abhinav Jain ◽  
Paras Sehgal ◽  
Mohit Kumar Divakar ◽  
Disha Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Genetic Epidemiology ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
High Concordance ◽  
High Throughput Detection ◽  
First Time

The rapid emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic affecting millions of individuals globally has necessitated sensitive and high-throughput approaches for the diagnosis, surveillance, and determining the genetic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. In the present study, we used the COVIDSeq protocol, which involves multiplex-PCR, barcoding, and sequencing of samples for high-throughput detection and deciphering the genetic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. We used the approach on 752 clinical samples in duplicates, amounting to a total of 1536 samples which could be sequenced on a single S4 sequencing flow cell on NovaSeq 6000. Our analysis suggests a high concordance between technical duplicates and a high concordance of detection of SARS-CoV-2 between the COVIDSeq as well as RT-PCR approaches. An in-depth analysis revealed a total of six samples in which COVIDSeq detected SARS-CoV-2 in high confidence which were negative in RT-PCR. Additionally, the assay could detect SARS-CoV-2 in 21 samples and 16 samples which were classified inconclusive and pan-sarbeco positive respectively suggesting that COVIDSeq could be used as a confirmatory test. The sequencing approach also enabled insights into the evolution and genetic epidemiology of the SARS-CoV-2 samples. The samples were classified into a total of 3 clades. This study reports two lineages B.1.112 and B.1.99 for the first time in India. This study also revealed 1,143 unique single nucleotide variants and added a total of 73 novel variants identified for the first time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the COVIDSeq approach for detection and genetic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. Our analysis suggests that COVIDSeq could be a potential high sensitivity assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, with an additional advantage of enabling the genetic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Regional Status Report 2020: Preventing and Responding to Violence against Children in the Americas

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
First Time ◽  
Global Strategies

Violence against children is widespread in the Region of the Americas and it takes many different, equally unacceptable forms. This report is a major milestone for the Region, because it is the first of its kind. It specifically builds on and is informed by the momentum of INSPIRE: Seven Strategies to End Violence Against Children, a technical package of seven strategies based on the best available evidence and with the highest potential to end violence against all children. The report provides a more in-depth analysis of strategies and approaches to prevent and respond to violence against children in the Americas. Being in line with the commitment made by Member States to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and multiple regional and global strategies, attention to this topic is timely. Its importance is further underlined by the fact that it is the first time that governments are self-reporting on their work to address violence against children in line with the evidence-based strategies of INSPIRE. The report comes at unprecedented times, as the COVID-19 pandemic has created a new urgency for action on violence against children. This report offers a baseline of effort in the Region to prevent and respond to violence against all children everywhere.

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