scholarly journals TREATMENT PLANNING SYSTEM (TPS) KANKER PAYUDARA MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK 3DCRT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Wida Farhiyati ◽  
Rinarto Subroto ◽  
I Wayan Ari Makmur ◽  
Nurul Qomariyah ◽  
Rahadi Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Planning System ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm ◽  
Analytical Algorithm ◽  
Organ At Risk ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hasil  simulasi TPS teknik 3DCRT pada  kasus kanker payudara agar sesuai dengan standar yang diizinkan International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). Proses TPS menggunakan program Eclipse dengan algoritma Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm. Kurva histogram dosis volume kumulatif 3DCRT dianalisis untuk mendapatkan dosis radiasi yang diterima organ at risk (OAR) paru-paru kiri, paru-paru kanan dan jantung. Hasil TPS  menunjukkan dosis yang diterima OAR berada di bawah batas ambang yang ditentukan yaitu paru-paru kiri dengan mean dose 54,7 cGy yang melingkupi volume 1238,5 cm3 dan pada paru-paru kanan dosis mean dose 2113,2 cGy melingkupi volume 1474,5 cm3 serta pada jantung mean dose 96,5 cGy melingkupi volume 175,5 cm3. Simulasi TPS yang dilakukan berhasil mendapatkan data perencanaan penyinaran  kasus kanker payudara yang memenuhi syarat dosis relatif yang melingkupi volume PTV yang diizinkan ICRU (volume terlingkupi 95%-107%) yaitu besarnya dosis relatif untuk target sebesar 95% yang melingkupi 95,5% volume target. Kata kunci: radioterapi, TPS, dosis, PTV, OAR. ABSTRACTThis study objective is to evaluate the simulation results of the 3DCRT technique TPS  in breast cancer cases to conform to the standards permitted by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). The TPS process uses the Eclipse program with the Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm algorithm. The 3DCRT cumulative dose-volume histogram curve was analyzed to obtain the absorbed dose received by the organ at risk (OAR) of the left lung, right lung and heart. The TPS results show that the dose received by OAR was below the prescribed threshold of the left lung with a mean dose of 54.7 cGy covering a volume of 1238.5 cm3 and to the right lung the mean dose of 2113.2 cGy surrounding the volume of 1474, 5 cm3 and at the heart the mean dose of 96.5 cGy covers a volume of 175.5 cm 3. TPS simulation carried out successfully obtained data on the planning of radiation from breast cancer cases that met the relative dosage requirements that covered the volume of PTV permitted by ICRU (95% -107% enclosed volume), that is, the relative dose for the target of 95% which covered 95.5% of the target volume. Keywords: radiotherapy, TPS, dose, PTV, OAR.

scholarly journals Quality Assurance of Dose Distribution of Photon Beam Planning by Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA)

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
M Jahangir Alam ◽  
Syed Md Akram Hussain ◽  
Kamila Afroj ◽  
Shyam Kishore Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Dose Distribution ◽  
Maximum Dose ◽  
Photon Beam ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm ◽  
Analytical Algorithm

A three dimensional treatment planning system has been installed in the Oncology Center, Bangladesh. This system is based on the Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA). The aim of this study is to verify the validity of photon dose distribution which is calculated by this treatment planning system by comparing it with measured photon beam data in real water phantom. To do this verification, a quality assurance program, consisting of six tests, was performed. In this program, both the calculated output factors and dose at different conditions were compared with the measurement. As a result of that comparison, we found that the calculated output factor was in excellent agreement with the measured factors. Doses at depths beyond the depth of maximum dose calculated on-axis or off-axis in both the fields or penumbra region were found in good agreement with the measured dose under all conditions of energy, SSD and field size, for open and wedged fields. In the build up region, calculated and measured doses only agree (with a difference 2.0%) for field sizes > 5 × 5 cm2 up to 25 × 25 cm2. For smaller fields, the difference was higher than 2.0% because of the difficulty in dosimetry in that region. Dose calculation using treatment planning system based on the Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) is accurate enough for clinical use except when calculating dose at depths above maximum dose for small field size.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v4i1.14686 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.4 No.1 2011 43-49

scholarly journals The dependence of inhomogeneity correction factors on photon beam quality index performed with the Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Md Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
Paweł Kukołowicz
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Beam Quality ◽  
Photon Beam ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm ◽  
Inhomogeneity Correction ◽  
Analytical Algorithm

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the dependence of tissue inhomogeneity correction factors (ICFs) on the photon beam quality index (QI).Materials and Methods: Heterogeneous phantoms, comprising semi-infinite slabs of the lung (0.10, 0.20, 0.26 and 0.30 g/cm3), adipose tissue (0.92 g/cm3) and bone (1.85 g/cm3) in water, were constructed in the Eclipse treatment planning system. Several calculation models of 6 MV and 15 MV photon beams for quality index (TPR20,10) = 0.670±k*0.01 and TPR20,10 = 0.760±k*0.01, k = -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 respectively were built in the Eclipse. The ICFs were calculated with the anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) for several beam sizes and points lying at several depths inside of and below inhomogeneities of different thicknesses.Results: The ICFs increased for lung and adipose tissues with increasing beam quality (TPR20,10), while decreased for bone. Calculations with AAA predict that the maximum difference in ICFs of 1.0% and 2.5% for adipose and bone tissues, respectively. For lung tissue, changes of ICFs of a maximum of 9.2% (6 MV) and 13.8% (15 MV). For points where charged particle equilibrium exists, a linear dependence of ICFs on TPR20,10 was observed. If CPE doesn’t exist, the dependence became more complex. For points inside of the low-density inhomogeneity, the dependence of the ICFs on energy was not linear but the changes of ICFs were smaller than 3.0%. Measurements results carried out with the CIRS phantom were consistent with the calculation results.Conclusions: A negligible dependence of the ICFs on energy was found for adipose and bone tissue. For lung tissue, in the CPE region, the dependence of ICFs on different beam quality indexes with the same nominal energy may not be neglected, however, this dependence was linear. Where there is no CPE, the dependence of the ICFs on energy was more complicated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Auto-Planning for Left-Side Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery Based on Geometrical Relationship

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijiang Li ◽  
Han Bai ◽  
Danju Huang ◽  
Feihu Chen ◽  
Xuhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dose Distribution ◽  
Breast Conserving Surgery ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Ipsilateral Lung ◽  
Organ At Risk ◽  
Geometrical Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Abstract BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate (1) the performance of Auto-Planning module embedded in Pinnnacle treatment planning system (TPS) with 30 left-side breast cancer plans; (2) the dose-distance relations based on overlap volume histogram (OVH) curve.Method30 patients with left-side breast cancer after breast-serving surgery were enrolled in this study. The clinical manual plan (MP) and the automatic plan (AP) were generated by Monaco and Auto-planning module respectively. The geometric relations between organ at risk (OAR) and planning target volume (PTV) of each patient were described by the overlap volume histogram (OVH). The patients were ranked according to the extension distance from PTV at a specific volume on the OVH curve. The MP and AP plans then were ranked to compare with the ranking of the OVH curves. Dosimetric difference between MP and AP plans were evaluated with statistical analysis.ResultThe comparative result shows a higher degree of correlation between AP and OVH curve. For different indicators, the dose distribution of , , in ipsilateral lung is more consistent with the distance-dose relation compared to the dose distribution of in heart. Dosimetric comparison shows a statistically significant improvement in ipsilateral lung and , and in heart of AP plans compared to MP plans. However, the result of ipsilateral lung of MP plans are better than that of AP plans.ConclusionThe overall results of AP plans are superior to MP plans. The dose distribution in AP plans are more consistent with the distance-dose relationship, which was described by OVH. After eliminating the interference of human factors, the AP is able to provide more stable and objective plans for radiotherapy patients.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Algorithms in the Radiotherapy Plans of Breast Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 01048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonca Yahşi Çelen ◽  
Atilla Evcin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dose Calculation ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Portal Dosimetry ◽  
Calculation Algorithms ◽  
Dose Calculation Algorithms ◽  
The Mean

It is aimed to evaluate portal dosimetry results of planned breast cancer patients with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (YART) of Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) and Pencil Beam Convolution (PBC) dose calculation algorithms. The plans of 10 treated patients will receive 6 MV photon energy and a total of 25 fractions of 50 Gray dose using the inverse YART technique, which is reverse planned in the Eclipse (ver.13.6) treatment planning system with Varian Trilogy Linear Accelerator prescribing. For each plan, dose was calculated after optimization using PBC and then AAA algorithms. The quality controls of the plans were made using the Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID) by creating individual verification plans for each algorithm. In addition, the maximum and average dose values in the target volume were compared in inverse YART plans calculated using PBC and AAA. When treatment plans generated by AAA and PBC dose calculation algorithms are analyzed using EPID, for the PBC algorithm, the mean values of VArea and VAvg are 98.15 ± 1.07, 0.40 ± 0.048 and 98.72 ± 1.13, 0.37 ± 0.051, respectively, for the AAA algorithm. The PTV Dmax value for the PBC algorithm is 109.3 ± 1.09 and the DAvg value is 101.7 ± 0.51. For the AAA algorithm, the PTV Dmax value is 110.6 ± 1.12 and the DAvg value is 102.9 ± 0.62. When the mean values of portal dosimetry VArea and VAvg evaluated using PBC and AAA algorithms were compared, the differences between the algorithms were not statistically significant (p> 0.05). Differences between the algorithms for PTV Dmax and DAvg values are not statistically significant (p> 0.05).

scholarly journals Correlation between Isotherms and Isodoses in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy—First Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
Dominika Plaza ◽  
Agnieszka Baic ◽  
Barbara Lange ◽  
Agata Stanek ◽  
Krzysztof Ślosarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
The Body ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Breast Cancer Radiotherapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radiotherapy Treatment ◽  
Tumor Area

The study is focused on correlation of isotherms derived from thermal images with an isodoses describing treatment plan for patients with breast cancer treated by radiotherapy. The irradiated area covered the part of the body after mastectomy. The study included patients diagnosed with breast cancer who were qualified for radiotherapy treatment. All patients were monitored during each treatment week during the entire radiotherapy process. The measurements were made under strictly defined conditions. In the treatment planning system (TPS), the specific plan was created for each patient. Spatial dose distribution in the patient’s body was obtained and presented by the isodoses (lines connecting points with the same dose values). The following areas from the treatment planning system were plotted on the thermograms: target (tumor area) and isodose: 45 Gy, 40 Gy, 30 Gy, 20 Gy and 10 Gy. The obtained results indicated a high correlation between magnitude of the dose represented as the isodose and the temperature of the treated skin. Moreover, preliminary analysis showed a repeatable increase of the mean temperature in the irradiated area during the treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Auto-Planning for Left-Side Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery Based on Geometrical Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153303382110330
Author(s):  
Yijiang Li ◽  
Han Bai ◽  
Danju Huang ◽  
Feihu Chen ◽  
Yaoxiong Xia
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Breast Conserving Surgery ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Geometric Information ◽  
Organ At Risk ◽  
Geometrical Relationship

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate (1) the performance of the Auto-Planning module embedded in the Pinnacle treatment planning system (TPS) with 30 left-side breast cancer plans and (2) the dose-distance correlations between dose-based patients and overlap volume histogram-based (OVH) patients. Method: A total of 30 patients with left-side breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery were enrolled in this study. The clinical manual-planning (MP) and the Auto-Planning (AP) plans were generated by Monaco and by the Auto-Planning module in Pinnacle respectively. The geometric information between organ at risk (OAR) and planning target volume (PTV) of each patient was described by the OVH. The AP and MP plans were ranked to compare with the geometry-based patients from OVH. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (R) was used to describe the correlations between dose-based patients (APs and MPs) and geometry-based patients (OVH). Dosimetric differences between MP and AP plans were evaluated with statistical analysis. Result: The correlation coefficient (mean R = 0.71) indicated that the AP plans have a high correlation with geometry-based patients from OVH, whereas the correlation coefficient (mean R = 0.48) shows a weak correlation between MP plans and geometry-based patients. The dosimetric comparison revealed a statistically significant improvement in the ipsilateral lung V5Gy and V10Gy, and in the heart V5Gy of AP plans compared to MP plans, while statistical reduction was seen in PTV V107% for MP plans compared to AP plans. Conclusion: The overall results of AP plans were superior to MP plans. The dose distribution in AP plans was more consistent with the distance-dose relationship described by OVH. After eliminating the interference of human factors, the AP was able to provide more stable and objective plans for radiotherapy patients.

Evaluation of irradiated heart volumes in stage I breast cancer patients treated with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy.

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1348-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Gyenes ◽  
G Gagliardi ◽  
I Lax ◽  
T Fornander ◽  
L E Rutqvist
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Heart Volume ◽  
Dose Planning ◽  
The Mean

PURPOSE To quantify the proportion of heart volumes that received at least 25 Gy with tangential photon fields in patients with left-sided stage I (T1 NOMO) breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery. METHODS AND MATERIALS The dose planning of 100 consecutive patients was reviewed. All were irradiated with tangential photon fields that covered the left breast only. A three-dimensional computed tomographic (CT)-based dose planning was made for each patient. The prescribed dose to the tumor was 50 Gy. For each patient, the proportion of the heart included in the 50% isodose was determined from the cumulative dose-volume histogram (DVH). The same volume determination was made for the left-sided breast cancer patients treated with tangential fields during the first Stockholm Breast Cancer Trial. RESULTS The mean irradiated heart volume that received at least 25 Gy was 5.7% (SD = 4.5%) for the whole group and 11.9% (SD = 3.7%) in those with the highest volumes. The mean irradiated heart volume included in the 50% isodose for patients in the Stockholm Trial was 25% (SD = 11.9%). CONCLUSION In this study, the majority of patients with left-sided T1NOMO breast cancer did not receive irradiation to substantial heart volumes. However, in 6% of all studied patients, the proportion of irradiated heart volume was close to the irradiated heart volumes with one of the treatment techniques used in the Stockholm Trial for patients with left-sided tumors. That technique has been associated with significantly increased cardiac mortality during long-term follow-up evaluation in a previous study. The CT-based three-dimensional treatment-planning system (TMS) represents a valuable tool in identifying such patients; thus, treatment may be conformed to reduce the irradiated heart volume.

Dosimetric comparison of fractionated radiosurgery plans using frameless Gamma Knife ICON and CyberKnife systems with linear accelerator–based radiosurgery plans for multiple large brain metastases

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 1473-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Young Han ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Dershan Luo ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Treatment Planning System ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Large Brain ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVEFor patients with multiple large brain metastases with at least 1 target volume larger than 10 cm3, multifractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (MF-SRS) has commonly been delivered with a linear accelerator (LINAC). Recent advances of Gamma Knife (GK) units with kilovolt cone-beam CT and CyberKnife (CK) units with multileaf collimators also make them attractive choices. The purpose of this study was to compare the dosimetry of MF-SRS plans deliverable on GK, CK, and LINAC and to discuss related clinical issues.METHODSTen patients with 2 or more large brain metastases who had been treated with MF-SRS on LINAC were identified. The median planning target volume was 18.31 cm3 (mean 21.31 cm3, range 3.42–49.97 cm3), and the median prescribed dose was 27.0 Gy (mean 26.7 Gy, range 21–30 Gy), administered in 3 to 5 fractions. Clinical LINAC treatment plans were generated using inverse planning with intensity modulation on a Pinnacle treatment planning system (version 9.10) for the Varian TrueBeam STx system. GK and CK planning were retrospectively performed using Leksell GammaPlan version 10.1 and Accuray Precision version 1.1.0.0 for the CK M6 system. Tumor coverage, Paddick conformity index (CI), gradient index (GI), and normal brain tissue receiving 4, 12, and 20 Gy were used to compare plan quality. Net beam-on time and approximate planning time were also collected for all cases.RESULTSPlans from all 3 modalities satisfied clinical requirements in target coverage and normal tissue sparing. The mean CI was comparable (0.79, 0.78, and 0.76) for the GK, CK, and LINAC plans. The mean GI was 3.1 for both the GK and the CK plans, whereas the mean GI of the LINAC plans was 4.1. The lower GI of the GK and CK plans would have resulted in significantly lower normal brain volumes receiving a medium or high dose. On average, GK and CK plans spared the normal brain volume receiving at least 12 Gy and 20 Gy by approximately 20% in comparison with the LINAC plans. However, the mean beam-on time of GK (∼ 64 minutes assuming a dose rate of 2.5 Gy/minute) plans was significantly longer than that of CK (∼ 31 minutes) or LINAC (∼ 4 minutes) plans.CONCLUSIONSAll 3 modalities are capable of treating multiple large brain lesions with MF-SRS. GK has the most flexible workflow and excellent dosimetry, but could be limited by the treatment time. CK has dosimetry comparable to that of GK with a consistent treatment time of approximately 30 minutes. LINAC has a much shorter treatment time, but residual rotational error could be a concern.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document