On some issues of systemic and structural characteristics of labor relations and its content

Neoliberal Platform Capitalism and Subjectivity

South Atlantic Quarterly ◽

10.1215/00382876-9443350 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 120 (4) ◽

pp. 795-808

Author(s):

Fábio Luís Ferreira Nóbrega Franco

Keyword(s):

Labor Relations ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Application Software ◽

Precarious Work ◽

Software Companies ◽

Peripheral Areas ◽

The Way

Across the globe, algorithmic technologies have undeniably altered the way labor relations are governed. The purpose of this article is to investigate a particular manifestation of that phenomenon: how, in Brazil, platform capitalism consists in a hybrid rationality whose control over the sphere of work combines new mechanisms of governance with structural characteristics that are particular to a type of precarious work commonly found in peripheral areas of Brazil, known as viração. While such a scenario presents us with a multitude of aspects worthy of consideration, this article focusese on the apparatuses for the psychic management of workers deployed by platform capitalism in Brazil. Within this scope, the article develops a double analysis: first, it examines the forms of subjectivity and the libidinal economy of Brazilian peripheral workers, with a particular emphasis on how certain of their characteristics have been subordinated, controlled, exploited, and ultimately disseminated by application software companies in Brazil; second, and conversely, it evaluates how the form of subjectivity associated with platform capitalism has, through the neoliberal discourse of self-entrepreneurship, impacted viração.

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Structural and Market Predictors of Corporate Labor Relations Strategies

ILR Review ◽

10.1177/001979399004300208 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 280-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

William N. Cooke ◽

David G. Meyer

Keyword(s):

Capital Investment ◽

Mixed Strategy ◽

Labor Relations ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Import Penetration ◽

Logit Estimation ◽

Union Avoidance ◽

Using Data ◽

Market Pressures ◽

A Company

The authors develop a model predicting which of three broad labor-relations strategies—union avoidance, union-management collaboration, or a mixed strategy combining elements of union avoidance and collaboration—a company will adopt. A multinomial logit estimation using data on 58 large unionized manufacturing corporations confirms that market pressures and structural characteristics of the company are important predictors of strategy choice. Specifically, the worse the market conditions (as gauged by import penetration and industry employment), the more likely executives will choose union avoidance over collaboration and mixed strategies. Collaboration is more likely to be chosen the greater the percent of plants unionized and the higher the ratio of cost of goods to sales. The choice of the mixed strategy is more likely the higher the labor intensity, capital investment, and number of plants.

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Influencing the Electorate: Experience with Referenda on Public Employee Bargaining

ILR Review ◽

10.1177/001979398203500303 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 330-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Darold T. Barnum ◽

I. B. Helburn

Keyword(s):

Labor Relations ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Employee Relations ◽

Situational Influences ◽

Income Levels ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Local Police ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Interaction Variables ◽

Economic Analyses

This research develops a model of the factors influencing public opinion on labor relations issues and tests the model with data from local referenda, each determining whether a community would adopt the Texas Fire and Police Employee Relations Act of 1973 and thereby allow local police and firefighters to bargain collectively. Regression analysis is used to identify factors influencing the vote, the dependent variable being the percentage favoring adoption. Independent variables account for (1) structural influences of the type normally included in economic analyses, such as income levels and unionization rates; (2) situational influences of the type generally discussed in institutional case studies, such as the number and nature of opposing and supporting groups; and (3) interactions of these two types of variables. Structural characteristics are found to influence the vote only when certain situational, and interaction variables. The authors also conclude that referenda are a poor method of resolving labor relations issues.

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A High Resolution Study of G.P. Zones in Aluminum - 4.2 at % Silver

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100055904 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 722-723 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Gronsky

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

High Resolution ◽

Computer Simulations ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Resolution Study

The phenomenon of clustering in Al-Ag alloys has been extensively studied since the early work of Guinierl, wherein the pre-precipitation state was characterized as an assembly of spherical, ordered, silver-rich G.P. zones. Subsequent x-ray and TEM investigations yielded results in general agreement with this model. However, serious discrepancies were later revealed by the detailed x-ray diffraction - based computer simulations of Gragg and Cohen, i.e., the silver-rich clusters were instead octahedral in shape and fully disordered, atleast below 170°C. The object of the present investigation is to examine directly the structural characteristics of G.P. zones in Al-Ag by high resolution transmission electron microscopy.

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SEM analysis of the change in the reaction rates with deposit structures in the copper-iron cementation system

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100109422 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 456-457

Author(s):

V. Annamalai ◽

L.E. Murr

Keyword(s):

Structural Characteristics ◽

Secondary Electron Emission ◽

Copper Deposit ◽

Reaction Rates ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Major Drawback ◽

Emission Mode ◽

Scrap Iron ◽

Image Position

Economical recovery of copper metal from leach liquors has been carried out by the simple process of cementing copper onto a suitable substrate metal, such as scrap-iron, since the 16th century. The process has, however, a major drawback of consuming more iron than stoichiometrically needed by the reaction.Therefore, many research groups started looking into the process more closely. Though it is accepted that the structural characteristics of the resultant copper deposit cause changes in reaction rates for various experimental conditions, not many systems have been systematically investigated. This paper examines the deposit structures and the kinetic data, and explains the correlations between them.A simple cementation cell along with rotating discs of pure iron (99.9%) were employed in this study to obtain the kinetic results The resultant copper deposits were studied in a Hitachi Perkin-Elmer HHS-2R scanning electron microscope operated at 25kV in the secondary electron emission mode.

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Use of 2½ D imaging in analysis of NiTi martensite

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100110192 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 610-611

Author(s):

G. M. Michal

Keyword(s):

Memory Effect ◽

Monoclinic Phase ◽

Reaction Path ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Salient Feature ◽

Martensite Phase ◽

Orientation Relationships ◽

Low Symmetry ◽

Hydride Phases ◽

Unusual Shape

Several TEM investigations have attempted to correlate the structural characteristics to the unusual shape memory effect in NiTi, the consensus being the essence of the memory effect is ostensible manifest in the structure of NiTi transforming martensitic- ally from a B2 ordered lattice to a low temperature monoclinic phase. Commensurate with the low symmetry of the martensite phase, many variants may form from the B2 lattice explaining the very complex transformed microstructure. The microstructure may also be complicated by the enhanced formation of oxide or hydride phases and precipitation of intermetallic compounds by electron beam exposure. Variants are typically found in selfaccommodation groups with members of a group internally twinned and the twins themselves are often observed to be internally twinned. Often the most salient feature of a group of variants is their close clustering around a given orientation. Analysis of such orientation relationships may be a key to determining the nature of the reaction path that gives the transformation its apparently perfect reversibility.

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Use of light microscopy in the qualitative and quantitative study of liquid crystalline order

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100121727 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 264-265

Author(s):

Christopher Viney

Keyword(s):

Light Microscopy ◽

Liquid Crystalline ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Molecular Order ◽

Liquid Crystalline Phases ◽

Convenient Technique ◽

Liquid Crystalline Materials ◽

Transparent Windows

Light microscopy is a convenient technique for characterizing molecular order in fluid liquid crystalline materials. Microstructures can usually be observed under the actual conditions that promote the formation of liquid crystalline phases, whether or not a solvent is required, and at temperatures that can range from the boiling point of nitrogen to 600°C. It is relatively easy to produce specimens that are sufficiently thin and flat, simply by confining a droplet between glass cover slides. Specimens do not need to be conducting, and they do not have to be maintained in a vacuum. Drybox or other controlled environmental conditions can be maintained in a sealed chamber equipped with transparent windows; some heating/ freezing stages can be used for this purpose. It is relatively easy to construct a modified stage so that the generation and relaxation of global molecular order can be observed while specimens are being sheared, simulating flow conditions that exist during processing. Also, light only rarely affects the chemical composition or molecular weight distribution of the sample. Because little or no processing is required after collecting the sample, one can be confident that biologically derived materials will reveal many of their in vivo structural characteristics, even though microscopy is performed in vitro.

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