scholarly journals Atmosphere-to-snow-to-firn transfer of NO3− on Ürümqi glacier No. 1, eastern Tien Shan, China

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongping Zhao ◽  
Zhongqin Li ◽  
Ross Edwards ◽  
Feiteng Wang ◽  
Huilin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Surface Snow ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrate ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn order to investigate the relationship between atmospheric nitrate and nitrate records in glacial snow and firn, nitrate was investigated in atmospheric aerosol, surface snow and the snow–firn pack on Ürümqi glacier No. 1 , eastern Tien Shan, China, from September 2002 to September 2004. The study found that vertical nitrate stratigraphy in the upper snowpack is formed during the winter by dry deposition and compaction and sublimation of the snowpack. During the summer the snowpack nitrate is redistributed through the percolation of meltwater. Nitrate was found to be highly mobile in the snowpack relative to magnesium.

scholarly journals Nitrate deposition and preservation in the snowpack along a traverse from coast to the ice sheet summit (Dome A) in East Antarctica

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1177-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guitao Shi ◽  
Meredith G. Hastings ◽  
Jinhai Yu ◽  
Tianming Ma ◽  
Zhengyi Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Dome A ◽  
Surface Snow ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Coexisting Ions ◽  
Snow Samples

Abstract. Antarctic ice core nitrate (NO3-) can provide a unique record of the atmospheric reactive nitrogen cycle. However, the factors influencing the deposition and preservation of NO3- at the ice sheet surface must first be understood. Therefore, an intensive program of snow and atmospheric sampling was made on a traverse from the coast to the ice sheet summit, Dome A, East Antarctica. Snow samples in this observation include 120 surface snow samples (top ∼ 3 cm), 20 snow pits with depths of 150 to 300 cm, and 6 crystal ice samples (the topmost needle-like layer on Dome A plateau). The main purpose of this investigation is to characterize the distribution pattern and preservation of NO3- concentrations in the snow in different environments. Results show that an increasing trend of NO3- concentrations with distance inland is present in surface snow, and NO3- is extremely enriched in the topmost crystal ice (with a maximum of 16.1 µeq L−1). NO3- concentration profiles for snow pits vary between coastal and inland sites. On the coast, the deposited NO3- was largely preserved, and the archived NO3- fluxes are dominated by snow accumulation. The relationship between the archived NO3- and snow accumulation rate can be depicted well by a linear model, suggesting a homogeneity of atmospheric NO3- levels. It is estimated that dry deposition contributes 27–44 % of the archived NO3- fluxes, and the dry deposition velocity and scavenging ratio for NO3- were relatively constant near the coast. Compared to the coast, the inland snow shows a relatively weak correlation between archived NO3- and snow accumulation, and the archived NO3- fluxes were more dependent on concentration. The relationship between NO3- and coexisting ions (nssSO42-, Na+ and Cl−) was also investigated, and the results show a correlation between nssSO42- (fine aerosol particles) and NO3- in surface snow, while the correlation between NO3- and Na+ (mainly associated with coarse aerosol particles) is not significant. In inland snow, there were no significant relationships found between NO3- and the coexisting ions, suggesting a dominant role of NO3- recycling in determining the concentrations.

scholarly journals Triple oxygen isotopes indicate urbanization affects sources of nitrate in wet and dry atmospheric deposition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Nelson ◽  
Urumu Tsunogai ◽  
Ding Dong ◽  
Takuya Ohyama ◽  
Daisuke D. Komatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Peroxy Radicals ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Wet And Dry Deposition ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Deposition

Abstract. Atmospheric nitrate deposition resulting from anthropogenic activities negatively affects human and environmental health. Identifying deposited nitrate that is produced locally vs. that originating from long-distance transport would help inform efforts to mitigate such impacts. However, distinguishing the relative transport distances of atmospheric nitrate in urban areas remains a major challenge since it may be produced locally and/or come from upwind regions. To address this uncertainty we assessed spatiotemporal variation in monthly weighted-average Δ17O and δ15N values of wet and dry nitrate deposition during one year at urban and rural sites along the western coast of the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido, downwind of the East Asian continent. Δ17O values of nitrate in wet deposition at the urban site mirrored those of wet and dry deposition at the rural site, ranging between ~ +22 and +30 ‰ with higher values during winter and lower values in summer, which suggests greater relative importance of oxidation of NO2 by O3 during winter and OH during summer. In contrast, Δ17O values of nitrate in dry deposition at the urban site were lower (+19–+25 ‰) and displayed less distinct seasonal variation. Furthermore, the difference between δ15N values of nitrate in wet and dry nitrate deposition was, on average, 3 ‰ greater at the urban than rural site, and Δ17O and δ15N values were correlated for both forms of deposition at both sites with the exception of dry deposition at the urban site. These results suggest that, relative to nitrate in wet deposition in urban environments and wet and dry deposition in rural environments, nitrate in dry deposition in urban environments forms from relatively greater oxidation of NO by peroxy radicals and/or oxidation of NO2 by OH. Given greater concentrations of peroxy radicals and OH in cities, these results imply that dry nitrate deposition results from local NOx emissions more so than wet deposition, which is transported longer distances. These results illustrate the value of stable isotope data for distinguishing the transport distances and reaction pathways of atmospheric nitrate pollution.

New insights into particle-bound trace elements in surface snow, Eastern Tien Shan, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 115272
Author(s):  
Ju Huang ◽  
Guangjian Wu ◽  
Xuelei Zhang ◽  
Chenglong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Surface Snow

VERTICAL CONCENTRATION PROFILES OF FINE AND COARSE AEROSOL PARTICLES OVER A SUBURBAN SAMPLING SITE NEAR BUDAPEST, HUNGARY

1992 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. AMEMIYA ◽  
T. KATOH ◽  
I. BORBÉLY-KISS ◽  
E. KOLTAY ◽  
GY. SZABÓ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Deposition Velocities ◽  
Coarse Aerosol ◽  
Pixe Method

Samples of atmospheric aerosol particles collected at various height over a suburban sampling site were analyzed with respect to 13 elements by PIXE method. Concentrations, enrichment factors, and fine-to-coarse concentration ratios of the fractions were obtained by averaging over height distribution. In one of the sampling experiments dry-deposition velocities were deduced for seven elements from the height distribution.

scholarly journals Temperature regime studies and mathematical calculations for dry snow covers in the western Tien Shan mountains, China

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Ma Hong ◽  
Liu Zongchao ◽  
Yang Zhian
Keyword(s):  
Internal Heat ◽  
Internal Heat Source ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tien Shan Mountains ◽  
Snow Temperature

A mathematical model is proposed to simulate the spatial and temporal variations in snow temperature. The model is based on the non-steady, one-dimensional, heat-conduction equation with internal heat source. It gives the change in time of the internal temperature field of the snow as it responds to varying surface temperature and periodic solar radiation. Verification of the model is accomplished by comparing the calculated results with observed data. The model may serve as a basis for quantitative investigations of snow temperature and temperature gradient, and relevent problems such as energy-mass transfer processes. Moreover, it allows better understanding of the relationship between external atmospheric conditions and the internal thermal regime of dry snow covers in the western Tien Shan mountains.

scholarly journals Characteristics of ionic concentration and δ18O and their variability in dry-season and wet-season snow on Ürümqi glacier No. 1, eastern Tien Shan, central Asia

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongqin Li ◽  
Wenbin Wang ◽  
Feiteng Wang ◽  
Huilin Li ◽  
Mingjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Snow Chemistry ◽  
Ionic Concentrations ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Surface Snow ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Snow Samples

AbstractTo investigate the environmental and climatic significance of the ice-core records from the Tien Shan, central Asia, the characteristics of ionic concentration and oxygen isotopic ratio (δ18O) as well as their variability are assessed from surface-snow samples as well as old-snow samples collected year-round at weekly intervals from November 2002 to October 2005 on Ürümqi glacier No. 1, eastern Tien Shan. The results indicate that the δ18O in surface-snow samples is reversely coincident with air temperature and insignificantly affected by post-depositional processes. Ionic concentrations in the wet-season (1 November to 31 March) snow are overall higher than those in dry-season (1 April to 31 October) snow, while the variability of relative ionic composition between dry seasons is slightly less than that between wet seasons. During dry seasons, surface-snow chemistry was mostly controlled by the chemical content entrained in some sporadic precipitations. When precipitation is absent, the effect of all post-depositional processes together elevated the ionic concentrations in surface snow. During wet seasons, the snow chemistry is determined mainly by the input of aerosols entrained in precipitation and the elution process from percolation of meltwater.

scholarly journals Modified data on geoeffective solar flares and seismic noise variations

2021 ◽  
Vol 929 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
N A Sycheva ◽  
L M Bogomolov
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Solar Flare ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Seismic Noise ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Regional Seismicity ◽  
Eruptive Event ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Northern Tien Shan

Abstract The problem of the relationship between strong magnetic swarms caused by solar flares and variations in seismicity is considered. The data on the temporal dependences of the parameters of seismic noise (average level, and standard deviation, RMS) recorded by the stations of the KNET seismic network have been used as the output data of monitoring the territory of the Bishkek geodynamic proving ground (Northern Tien Shan). The signatures of the influence of a magnetic swarm that occurred after an ultra-strong solar flare on September 6, 2017 have been established. The results obtained on the increase in seismic noise after this super-strong eruptive event are consistent with the results of studies on the influence of magnetic swarms on changes in regional seismicity.

scholarly journals Climatological significance of δ18 O in precipitation and ice cores: a case study at the head of the Ürümqi river, Tien Shan, China

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (151) ◽  
pp. 517-523
Author(s):  
Hou Shugui ◽  
Qin Dahe ◽  
Paul A. Mayewski ◽  
Yang Qinzhao ◽  
Ren Jiawen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Condensation Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Ratios ◽  
Stable Oxygen ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractStable-oxygen-isotope ratios (δ18O) of precipitation and ice-core samples collected from the headwaters of the Urümqi river, Tien Shan, China, were used to test the relationship between δ18O and contemporaneous surface air temperature (Ta). A strong temporal relationship is found between δ18O in precipitation and Ta, particularly for the monthly averages which remove synoptic-scale influences such as changes in condensation level, condensation temperature and moisture sources ( Yao and others, 1996). Linear fits as high as 0.95‰° C-1 for precipitation events and 1.23‰° C-1 for monthly averages are found. Although the δ18O amplitude in ice cores drilled at the nearby Ürümqi glacier No.1(~2 km from the precipitation sampling site) decreased dramatically compared to the precipitation samples, the ice-core records of annually averaged δ18 are still positively correlated with contemporaneous air temperature, especially summer air temperature, at the nearby Daxigou meteorological station. Nevertheless, the relationship between the ice-core δ18O records and contemporaneous air temperature is less significant than that for the precipitation samples due to depositional and post-depositional modification processes, which are highlighted by the successive snow-pit δ18O profiles from the Ürümqi glacier No.1. Our results might extend the application of high-altitude and subtropical ice-core δ18O —Ta records for paleoclimate reconstruction.

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