scholarly journals Non-invasive monitoring of avian embryo heart rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrianov Evgenii Aleksandrovich ◽  
◽  
Sudakov Alexander Nikolaevich ◽  
Andrianov Aleksei Aleksandrovich ◽  
Skolznev Nikolay Yakovlevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Avian Embryo ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Embryo Heart

scholarly journals Non-Invasive PPG-Based System for Continuous Heart Rate Monitoring of Incubated Avian Embryo

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4560
Author(s):  
Ali Youssef ◽  
Daniel Berckmans ◽  
Tomas Norton
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Embryonic Heart ◽  
Avian Embryo ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Natural Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Promising Solution

The chicken embryo is a widely used experimental animal model in many studies, including in the field of developmental biology, of the physiological responses and adaptation to altered environments, and for cancer and neurobiology research. The embryonic heart rate is an important physiological variable used as an index reflecting the embryo’s natural activity and is considered one of the most difficult parameters to measure. An acceptable measurement technique of embryonic heart rate should provide a reliable cardiac signal quality while maintaining adequate gas exchange through the eggshell during the incubation and embryonic developmental period. In this paper, we present a detailed design and methodology for a non-invasive photoplethysmography (PPG)-based prototype (Egg-PPG) for real-time and continuous monitoring of embryonic heart rate during incubation. An automatic embryonic cardiac wave detection algorithm, based on normalised spectral entropy, is described. The developed algorithm successfully estimated the embryonic heart rate with 98.7% accuracy. We believe that the system presented in this paper is a promising solution for non-invasive, real-time monitoring of the embryonic cardiac signal. The proposed system can be used in both experimental studies (e.g., developmental embryology and cardiovascular research) and in industrial incubation applications.

scholarly journals Analysis of frequency ranges of heart rate variability and estimation errors of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in aging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Bahilin
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Rr Intervals ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Spectral Estimates ◽  
Regulatory Systems

The clinical significance of heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed at the end of the last century, despite the fact that HRV studies have been conducted since the mid-19th century. In recent years, HRV has been increasingly used for non-invasive monitoring of the autonomic nervous system. However, the interpretation of HRV features is still not fully understood and widely discussed. It is known that HRV fluctuations are created by various regulatory systems of the body, which have different natural frequencies. The estimated HRV parameters are SDNN and RMSSD indicators – standard deviations of a number of RR-intervals and a number of first differences of RR-intervals, respectively. The purpose of the article was to calculate the power decrease with aging in different frequency ranges, analyze the errors of spectral estimates, and compare the spectral estimates of RSA with the values of RMSSD indicators. Simultaneous ECG and respiration records from the Fantasia Physio Bank database were used as initial data. For reference estimates, the powers in the range of respiration rate found from the records of respiration measurements are taken. It is shown that with age the power of the HF range decreases most rapidly, and the VLF range decreases most slowly. HF oscillation amplitudes are compared with RMSSD values. It is proposed to consider the RMSSD indicator as an assessment of the speed parameter of the regulatory system. Spectral methods are used to estimate the power of individual frequency ranges. For non-invasive monitoring of the autonomic nervous system, spectral estimates of the power of the LF and HF ranges are used. With aging, stress, and various diseases, the activity of regulatory systems decreases, but it remains unclear in which regulatory systems and to what extent violations occur.

Autonomic cardiac modulation measured with a noninvasive device during psychophysiological preparation predicts flow state during piano performance: A Pilot Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Jha ◽  
Nicolette Stogios ◽  
Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira ◽  
Scott Thomas ◽  
Robert Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cardiac Modulation ◽  
Grade 8

BACKGROUND Music performance anxiety (MPA) is a common experience among elite and professional musicians and impedes performers from achieving flow state, or a state of focused, sustained attention and engagement in one’s task. Use of non-invasive monitoring devices to understand the autonomic components of flow state can provide knowledge to better treat MPA. The aim of this study was to use non-invasive monitoring of heart rate variability (HRV) as a physiologic indicator of autonomic-cardiac activity and its association with peak flow. OBJECTIVE We recruited individuals between the ages of 15 and 22 years who had at least a Royal Conservatory of Music (RCM) Grade 8 piano certification. Participants were asked to prepare three pieces: Johann Sebastian Bach’s Prelude No. 1 in C Major, Erik Satie’s Gymnopedie No. 1, and a piece of their choice (Bach, Satie and a song of their own choosing). Performer heart rate data were measured with a Polar 800 watch in 5-minute periods immediately before performances, during performances and post-performance. HRV indices of sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation of the heart were analyzed in 2.5-minute segments to monitor short-term autonomic adjustments using the Kubios HRV Software. Flow state was measured using the 36-item Flow State Scale (FSS). METHODS Our sample consisted of 22 RCM Grade 8 certified pianists (9 female, 13 male, age =20 + 1.6) The highest level of flow was observed for the Bach performance (3.87/5). Decreased HRV was observed during the performance of the piece, as indicated by a significant drop in total power (54% reduction) (p < 0.0001). This indicated a shift in increased sympathetic activity or vagal withdrawal. Flow state during the pre-performance phase was independently and positively associated with parasympathetic activity (β = 0.84, p=0.013), and during performance it was inversely associated with sympathetic activity (β = -0.79, p=0.04) RESULTS Our sample consisted of 22 RCM Grade 8 certified pianists (9 female, 13 male, age =20 + 1.6) The highest level of flow was observed for the Bach performance (3.87/5). Decreased HRV was observed during the performance of the piece, as indicated by a significant drop in total power (54% reduction) (p < 0.0001). This indicated a shift in increased sympathetic activity or vagal withdrawal. Flow state during the pre-performance phase was independently and positively associated with parasympathetic activity (β = 0.84, p=0.013), and during performance it was inversely associated with sympathetic activity (β = -0.79, p=0.04) CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that non-invasive monitoring of autonomic-cardiac modulation can provide novel insight into time-sensitive changes in the physiologic activity that is associated with psychological flow state. Evidence of increased parasympathetic activity and reduced sympathetic activity in the pre-performance phase suggests that flow state may be as much a consequence of physiological preparation immediately prior to performance as it is a physiologic response during the performance itself. Evidence of this correlation between autonomic modulation of the heart and achievement of flow state may pave the way for further research on enhancing musical performance and targeting MPA through HRV-based interventions. Future directions may involve investigation of other physiological manifestations in order to identify essential physiologic components of flow state, which may include such as facial or skeletal muscle activation, electrodermal activation and distinct patterns of neurological response via electroencephalography measurements.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive PPG-Based System for Continuous Heart Rate Monitoring of Incubated Avian Embryo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Youssef ◽  
Daniel Berckmans ◽  
Tomas Norton
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Embryonic Heart ◽  
Avian Embryo ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Natural Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Promising Solution

The chicken embryo is a widely used experimental animal-model in many studies such as developmental biology and to study the physiological responses and adaptation to altered environments as well as for cancer and neurobiology research. Embryonic heart rate is an important physiological variable useful as an index reflecting the embryo's natural activity and is considered one of the most difficult parameters to measure. An acceptable measurement technique of embryonic heart rate should provide a reliable cardiac signal quality while maintaining adequate gas exchange through the eggshell along the incubation and embryonic developmental period. In this paper, we presented a detailed design and methodology for a non-invasive PPG-based prototype (Egg-PPG) for real-time and continuous monitoring of embryonic heart rate during incubation. An automatic embryonic cardiac wave detection algorithm, based on normalised spectral entropy, is described. The developed algorithm successfully estimated the embryonic heart rate with 98.7% accuracy. We believe that the developed overall system presented in this paper is showing a promising solution for non-invasion, real-time monitoring of embryonic cardiac signal, which can be used in both experimental studies (e.g., developmental embryology and cardiovascular research) and in industrial incubation applications.

scholarly journals Using Non-Invasive Monitoring Technologies to Capture Behavioural, Physiological and Health Responses of Dairy Calves to Different Nutritional Regimes during the First Ten Weeks of Life

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scoley ◽  
Gordon ◽  
Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Calf Health ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Monitoring Technologies

This study aimed to examine the use of non-invasive monitoring technologies as a means of capturing behavioural, physiological and health responses of calves allocated to different nutritional regimes. Seventy-four Holstein Friesian calves were individually penned and allocated to receive either high (HML) or conventional (CML) milk replacer (MR) levels between 5–70 days of age. Additionally calves were allocated to one of four forage treatments: (i) chopped straw offered between 14–70 days of age (CS14), (ii) chopped straw offered between 56–70 days of age (CS56), (iii) grass silage offered between 56–70 days of age (GS56), and (iv) no forage in the pre-wean period (NF). A representative sample of calves from each treatment were fitted with activity sensors and heart rate monitors throughout the experimental period to examine lying behaviour and heart rate variability, respectively. Thermal images of the eye and rectal area of each calf were taken 5 days/week between 5–77 days of age. Faecal and respiratory scoring of each individual calf was carried out on a daily basis throughout the experimental period. Milk replacer feeding level had limited effects on measures of calf health, although HML calves tended to have an increased likelihood for receiving treatment for scour than CML calves. Daily lying time (min/d) was lower in HML calves following reduction in MR feeding frequency at 43 days of age and weaning at 71 days of age when compared with CML calves. Additionally, HML calves displayed a lower heart rate variability following weaning, this suggestive of increased stress load. There were limited effects of forage treatment, however, CS14 calves displayed a greater daily lying time following MR step-down at 68 days of age, this potentially indicating increased rumination. Results of the present study highlight the benefits of using remote monitoring technologies as a means of detecting behavioural and physiological changes as a result of nutritional management strategy in individually housed dairy calves.

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