scholarly journals Programmatic implications of a cost study of home-based care programs in South Africa

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Homan ◽  
Catherine Searle
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Cost Study ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Home Based Care ◽  
Hiv Aids

The HIV/AIDS epidemic has meant that an increasing number of chronically ill people need ongoing assistance with care and support. Programs providing home-based care (HBC) services are a key component of the response to HIV/AIDS. However, few programs are using operations research, including cost studies, to decide what services to provide and how to structure their services. In 2004, the Horizons Program undertook a study of six HBC programs from different South African provinces to provide key information to NGOs, government ministries, donors, and the programs themselves to inform decisions about service delivery. The study analyzed the cost of HBC services, the best use of resources, and how well programs are able to meet the needs of beneficiaries and their families. The sample represents programs that operate in rural areas and informal settlements. This brief focuses on the coverage, organization, volume, and costs of the services and on findings from two of the methods of data collection: financial records and service statistics, and interviews with financial officers, program managers, and caregivers.

The cost of home-based care for HIV/AIDS patients in Zimbabwe

AIDS Care ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. HANSEN ◽  
G. WOELK ◽  
H. JACKSON ◽  
R. KERKHOVEN ◽  
N. MANJONJORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aids Patients ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Home Based Care ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Digital Networking in Home-Based Support of Older Adults in Rural Areas: Requirements for Digital Solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1946
Author(s):  
Lynn Schelisch ◽  
Ricarda Walter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Sociology ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Home Based Care

Given the increasing numbers of elders in need of support living at home, digital solutions are developed to ensure good home-based care and support. From a perspective of qualitative urban sociology, the presented study aims to provide an overview of existing technologies for communication as well as networking social support for older adults especially in rural areas, as well as requirements for their dissemination. The focus is on digital networking via apps and platforms in Germany that provide digital support in the areas of participation/communication, mutual aid and/or professional services for older adults. For this purpose, interviews with representatives of 12 projects as well as workshops were conducted. Support mediated via the digital solutions was not always accepted as expected, not even during the COVID-19 pandemic. To ensure a sustainable and long-term use of the digital solutions, it is necessary to take into account the digital skills of the users, to deploy a supervisor and local networker, to find a suitable spatial dimension, to create an awareness of existing problems on site and to anchor the support in suitable structures.

scholarly journals Urban Sustainability at the Cost of Rural Unsustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5466
Author(s):  
Guangwei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Rural Sustainability ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Framework ◽  
Japan And China

Urban sustainability refers to building and maintaining cities that can continue to function without running out of resources. However, growing cities require more land and urban sprawl has transformed surrounding rural areas into urbanized settlements. Furthermore, the prosperity of large cities depends on the supply of both natural and human resources from rural areas, either nearby or remote. On the other hand, the use of resources of rural areas by cities may cause negative externalities to rural areas, affecting their sustainability. Therefore, a critical, but very much neglected issue, is how unban sustainability should be pursued without affecting rural sustainability. In this study, cases in Japan and China were analyzed from resources and population migration perspectives to provide evidence for the possibility that urban sustainability might have been pursued at the cost of rural unsustainability. It was intended to develop a better understanding of urban sustainability through the lens of externalities. Based on the analysis, a new framework for urban sustainability study was proposed, which consists of three new pillars. Namely, externality, vulnerability, and population instability.

scholarly journals People living with HIV/AIDS and the utilization of home-based care services

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
pp. 3166-3174 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Oguntibeju O ◽  
T Ndalambo K ◽  
Mokgatle Nthabu M
Keyword(s):  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Home Based Care ◽  
Hiv Aids

Prevention of Hiv/Aids-Associated Opportunistic Infections Through Housing and Municipal Services

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Richard Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Home Based Care ◽  
Hiv Aids

The background to this paper is the increasing interest in the relationship between housing and municipal services and HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this paper is to clarify what, precisely, one has in mind when thinking that housing and municipal services might prevent HIV infection and associated opportunistic infections. The focus is not on the socioeconomic dimensions but on the modes of transmission associated with specific opportunistic infections. That is, the paper first disputes the relevance of housing and services to HIV prevention, but then demonstrates that housing and municipal services are important for (a) the prevention of certain opportunistic infections to which people affected by HIV/AIDS are particularly vulnerable, and (b) for the provision of home-based care. In addition to the medical focus of the paper, there is attention to the empirical backdrop on the relation between housing, municipal services and HIV/AIDS, analysing survey findings regarding among whom and where HIV prevalence is highest, and projections regarding the extent of HIV infections and AIDS based on the World Health Organization clinical staging system. Using Johannesburg as a case study, it is demonstrated that the number of persons having AIDS is smaller than one might expect and also that the number is already declining, which has implications for the provision of home-based care. However, it is also shown that the number of households that lost one or several members is increasing rapidly. In this context, labour force surveys are employed to identify the impacts on specific categories of households. At this stage, a defining unknown is the scale, nature and location of these reconstituted households and what this means for housing policy. Finally, a feature of the research was the extent to which medical practitioners viewed housing as a quixotic sideline within the broader struggle for HIV prevention and the provision of treatment. In sum, the paper provides an argument for incorporating housing and municipal services into both HIV and AIDS prevention and treatment programmes.

scholarly journals Illness, Death, and Macronutrients: Adequacy of Rural Mozambican Household Production of Macronutrients in the Face of HIV/AIDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2_suppl2) ◽  
pp. S331-S338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Donovan ◽  
Jaquelino Massingue
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The North ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
The Face ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Drug Interventions ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background As the public sector and civil society develop intervention programs to deal with the HIV/ AIDS epidemic, there has been an increasing emphasis on the relationship between nutrition and the disease. Drug interventions may be ineffective, and the progression from HIV infection to full-blown AIDS may be accelerated without adequate nutrition. Mozambique is still fighting an increasing prevalence rate of HIV, including in rural areas. Rural households in Mozambique rely heavily on their own agricultural production for the basic macronutrients. Objectives To evaluate the extent to which household agricultural production of basic staples meets overall household needs for major macronutrients, comparing households affected and not directly affected by HIV/ AIDS and other major illnesses over two time periods. Methods This research analyzes nationally representative panel data from rural household surveys conducted in 2002 and 2005 to evaluate whether households that have suffered the chronic illness or illness-related death of prime-age adult members (15 to 49 years of age) are more vulnerable to macronutrient gaps. Results Households in the South and in the North with a male illness or death in 2002 produced significantly less macronutrients from crops in 2005 than nonaffected households. These households also had significantly lower income per adult equivalent. Conclusions Mortality or illness from HIV/AIDS affects the ability of agricultural households dependent on own-food production to produce macronutrients. Interventions to improve access to food may be needed for affected households, particularly in light of their inability to recover over time. More analysis is needed to understand income sources, crop diversification, and access to macronutrients through the market.

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