scholarly journals Analisa Keseimbangan Energi PLTU Takalar (Punagaya) Unit 2 Berdasarkan Perubahan Beban

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Makmur Saini ◽  
Nur Hamzah ◽  
Devi Prasetyo Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Energy Balance Method ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Operation Pattern ◽  
Operating Target

This study aims to calculate the efficiency and heat rate of the unit 2 PLTU Takalar (Punagaya) system with the energy balance calculation method, calculate the NPHR value of PLTU Takalar (Punagaya) unit 2 when the unit is operating, and also to determine the energy loss from the conversion energy results at PLTU Takalar (Punagaya) unit 2 when the unit operates. The PLTU's Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) value is a very important role as an indicator of the performance of a steam power plant. The real-time NPHR value calculation using the energy balance method can be used as an evaluation material to control the operation pattern of the generator in order to obtain optimal operation. The method used in this research is to collect direct and indirect data to calculate the energy balance and NPHR of PLTU Takalar (Punagaya) unit 2 during the reliability run period. The calculations carried out include the calculation of the energy balance in the boiler, the energy balance in the steam cycle, the balance of electrical energy, the efficiency of the PLTU and NPHR systems. Based on the results of calculations that have been carried out the efficiency and NPHR of PLTU Takalar (Punagaya) unit 2 is the best during the reliability run of 32.76% and 2801.93 kcal / kWh at full load conditions with an energy loss value of 220.60 MW. The performance of PLTU Takalar (Punagaya) unit 2 during the reliability run is very good where the unit operates continuously and the NPHR value when full load fulfills the contract warranty and the maximum operating target. 

Dynamics research of Fangzhu’s nanoscale surface

2021 ◽  
pp. 146134842110527
Author(s):  
Pinxia Wu ◽  
Weiwei Ling ◽  
Xiumei Li ◽  
Xichun He ◽  
Liangjin Xie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Fractal Model ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
Energy Balance Method ◽  
Collection Rate ◽  
Fractal Derivative ◽  
Approximate Analytical Solutions

In this paper, we mainly focus on a fractal model of Fangzhu’s nanoscale surface for water collection which is established through He’s fractal derivative. Based on the fractal two-scale transform method, the approximate analytical solutions are obtained by the energy balance method and He’s frequency–amplitude formulation method with average residuals. Some specific numerical experiments of the model show that these two methods are simple and effective and can be adopted to other nonlinear fractal oscillators. In addition, these properties of the obtained solution reveal how to enhance the collection rate of Fangzhu by adjusting the smoothness of its surfaces.

scholarly journals Gerakan Kontra Pembangunan Shelter 9 Dan 10 Pltu Suralaya Merak-Banten

ijd-demos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Urrohmah ◽  
Karin Caroline Kelly ◽  
Fitri Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Steam Power Plant ◽  
Steam Power Plants ◽  
Local Residents

Electric Steam Power Plants (PLTU) need coal as fuel to produce electricity. The higher the electrical energy needed to eat, the more fuel will be used. This has happened in the construction of shelters 9 and 10 Suralaya Merak-Banten steam power plant (PLTU). This development is reaping various kinds of rejection because it causes environmental damage not only in the area around the development operation but also in the Greater Jakarta area. The rejection movement was initiated by local residents and supported by international Environmental NGOs.Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) membutuhkan batu bara sebagai bahan bakar untuk menghasilkan energi listrik. Semakin tinggi energi listrik yang dibutuhkan makan akan semakin banyak bahan bakar yang digunakan. Hal ini terjadi pada pembangunan shelter 9 dan 10 PLTU Suralaya di pulau Jawa spesifiknya di daerah Merak-Banten. Pembangunan ini menuai berbagai macam penolakan karena mengakibatkan kerusakan lingkungan tidak hanya pada wilayah sekitar operasi pembangunan namun juga pada wilayah Jabodetabek. Gerakan penolakan diinisiasi tentunya oleh warga setempat dan didukung dengan NGO Internasional penggiat isu lingkungan. 

Woody Biomass Co-Firing in Pulverized Coal Fired Boilers

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luther M. Raatikka
Keyword(s):  
Heat Input ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Boiler Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Costs

With legislation requiring utilities to produce a significant fraction of their electrical energy with renewable fuel supplies, it is anticipated that cofiring biomass in large utility boilers will become increasingly popular. Boilers that are designed to burn pulverized coal (PC) can typically burn woody biomass at up to 5% of the rated heat input. An 800 MW PC-fired unit could, therefore, produce up to 40 MW of renewable energy with biomass co-firing. The generating plant may experience a net capacity de-rating whenever biomass is co-fired. This potential reduction in net plant output may be attributed to reduced boiler efficiency and additional auxiliary power requirements. Biomass fuel handling related auxiliary power requirements are dependent upon the form in which biomass is delivered to the plant. Preparation of woody biomass for co-firing in large PC-fired boilers is typically performed onsite with hammer mills or by off-site processing. For an 800 MW unit, onsite fuel size reduction will usually result in an incremental increase in auxiliary power of 3–4 MW, whereas the use of pre-processed biomass such as wood pellets will require a minimal increase in parasitic load. However, delivered fuel costs for raw wood requiring onsite processing are at least 60% lower than that of densified biomass on a heat input basis. This paper includes an economic comparison of co-firing woody biomass that is processed onsite by direct injection vs. co-firing densified woody biomass by co-milling in a large PC-fired boiler. This comparison will consider delivered fuel costs, capital costs, CO2 emissions and impacts upon boiler efficiency and net heat rate.

scholarly journals A distributed snowmelt prediction model in mountain areas based on an energy balance method

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ohta
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Snowmelt Runoff ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Energy Balance Method ◽  
Surface Cover

A distributed snowmelt prediction model was developed for a mountain area. Topography of the study area was represented by a digital map. Cells On the map were divided into three surface-cover types; deciduous forest, evergreen forest and deforested area. Snowmelt rates for each cell were calculated by an energy balance method. Meteorological elements were estimated separately in each cell according to topographical characteristics and surface-cover type. Distributions of water equivalent of snow cover were estimated by the model. Snowmelt runoff in the watershed was also simulated by snowmelt rates calculated by the model. The model showed thai the snowmelt period and snowmelt runoff after timber harvests would be about two weeks earlier than under the forest-covered condition.

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