Hot Temperature Has Highest Mortality Risk, But Moderately Cold Temperature Contributed To The Most Deaths In India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sze Hang Fu ◽  
Peter S. Rodriguez ◽  
Prabhat Jha
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Hot Temperature

Small to large scale mixed turbulent convection: buildings application

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souad Morsli ◽  
Mustapha Boussoufi ◽  
Amina Sabeur ◽  
Mohammed El Ganaoui ◽  
Rachid Bennacer
Keyword(s):  
Flow Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Vertical Wall ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
3D Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hot Temperature ◽  
The One

Purpose The use of natural ventilation by large openings to maintain thermal comfort conditions in the premises is a concept that is perfectly integrated into the traditional architecture of countries in the Mediterranean region or in tropical climates. In a temperate climate where the architecture is not usually designed to respond to the use of natural ventilation is seasonal and is done at the initiative of the occupants by making changes in the design of their doors. The European interest in natural ventilation, as a passive building air-conditioning technology, is increasing and has been the subject of a research program commissioned by the European Community. In this work, the authors consider a part of a housing compound as a refreshing floor. This floor is maintained at a constant cold temperature, the one vertical wall at hot temperature and other surfaces are adiabatic. Various scenarios are considered for this work. Mixed convection for different boundary conditions and different configurations is carried out. In addition, an airflow is injected through a window and extracted on the opposite window. Classical conclusion and transitional value on Richardson number have been completed by the new thermal configuration with nonsymmetric thermal conditions. The complex 3D flow structure is more obvious when one of the two flows (ventilation or natural convection) dominates. However, the induced heat transfer is less sensitive to the added ventilation. In this study, the authors consider a part of a housing compound as a refreshing floor. This floor is maintained at a constant cold temperature, the one vertical wall at hot temperature and other surfaces are adiabatic. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative preliminary study of a 2D–3D flow. The authors examine the competition between the natural convective flow and the added airflow on the flow structure and indoor air quality. The numerical model shows a good agreement with that obtained by researchers analytically and experimentally. To deal with turbulence, the RNG k-ε model has been adopted in this study. Findings The transfer is more sensitive between the 2D and 3D cases for the present analyzed case. Originality/value The study of ventilation efficiency has shown the competition between the big and small structures and the induced discomfort.

scholarly journals Decreased noise figure measurement uncertainty in <i>Y</i> factor method

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
I. Gaspard
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Noise Source ◽  
Noise Figure ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Excess Noise ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Hot Temperature ◽  
Factor Method ◽  
Equivalent Noise Power

Abstract. Almost always noise figure is measured today by using a matched noise source delivering two different but known noise temperatures (Y factor method). In commercially available noise sources these temperatures are characterized by the excess noise ratio (ENR) value, describing the ratio of equivalent noise power when switched on related to the noise power of a resistor at a temperature of 290 K (switched off). For a typical ENR value of 5 dB that means a hot temperature Th=1207 K and a cold temperature Tc = 290 K.

scholarly journals Theoretical Analysis of Vuilleumier’s Hypothetical Engine and Cooler

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5923
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Baojun Luo ◽  
Jiayao Yang ◽  
Qun Gao ◽  
Jingping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Warm Temperature ◽  
Promising Technology ◽  
Hot Temperature

Vuilleumier machines are a promising technology for heating. Respective performances of Vuilleumier’s engine and cooler are generally unclear. In Stirling machines, performances can be determined based on PV power flow and heat flow methods. In this work, respective performances based on two methods in current Vuilleumier models were investigated. It was found that PV power flow and heat flow methods in current Vuilleumier models were ineffective for analysis of respective performances due to there being no piston as a boundary between Vuilleumier’s engine and cooler. Then, a virtual piston was assumed, and a virtual piston based Vuilleumier model (VPBVM) was developed. The relative Carnot efficiencies of the obtained engine and cooler were 53~64% and 43~49%, respectively, at conditions of 550 °C hot temperature, 50~70 °C warm temperature, and −20~10 °C cold temperature. The results indicated that respective performances obtained in VPBVM were reasonable. Moreover, the engine’s compression ratios could be obtained in VPBVM and were 1.2~1.24. Thus, VPBVM could be effective for the analysis of the Vuilleumier machine’s engine and cooler.

scholarly journals Design of Cooling and Heating Tool Using Thermoelectric Peltier Based On Arduino Uno

ELKHA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
M Kevin Rambang Alam ◽  
Helmi Fitriawan ◽  
F.X Arinto Setyawan ◽  
Umi Murdika
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Hot Temperature ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
Alternative Current

Cooler is an electronic device used to cool food and drinks. The current cooling system still uses refrigerants that can damage the ozone layer. The thermoelectric based cooling system can be used as an alternative since it produces sufficient temperature difference on both sides by considering its advantages that is more environmentally friendly. This research is aimed to design and built a cooling and heating system using a thermoelectric Peltier TEC 12715 based on microcontroller Arduino uno. This system uses the Peltier thermoelectric effects as coolant and warmer because it produces temperature difference on both sides. Based on this research, in the no load condition the system can produce a cold temperature of 21,3 ℃ and a hot temperature of 80,2 ℃ in the 40th minute of use. When given a load of 300 ml and 220 ml drink bottles, the system can produce a cold temperature of 22,2 ℃ and a hot temperature of 70,7 ℃ in the 40th minute of use. The TEC 12715 Peltier component used in this research produces the optimal temperature if a voltage of 12 volts and a current of 15 amperes are applied to each Peltier component. The designed system is able to operate repeatedly, properly, and continuously since it is directly connected to alternative current power which is common in households.

486 Clinical composite endpoint classification of REVIVE II corresponds to all-cause mortality risk

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
J TEERLINK ◽  
L DELGADOHERRERA ◽  
R THAKKAR ◽  
B HUANG ◽  
R PADLEY
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Composite Endpoint ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Discharge to Institution Tied to Mortality Risk

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
DAMIAN McNAMARA
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk

Emergency Department Admission and Mortality Rate for Suicidal Behavior

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimondo Maria Pavarin ◽  
Angelo Fioritti ◽  
Francesca Fontana ◽  
Silvia Marani ◽  
Alessandra Paparelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Emergency Department Admission ◽  
Completed Suicide

Background: The international literature reports that for every completed suicide there are between 8 and 22 visits to an Emergency Department (ED) for attempted suicide/suicidal behavior. Aims: To describe the characteristics of admission to emergency departments (EDs) for suicide-related presenting complaints in the metropolitan area of Bologna; to estimate the risk for all-cause mortality and for suicide; to identify the profiles of subjects most at risk. Method: Follow-up of patients admitted to the EDs of the metropolitan area of Bologna between January 2004 and December 2010 for attempted suicide. A Cox model was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic variables and the general mortality risk. Results: We identified 505 cases of attempted suicide, which were more frequent for female subjects, over the weekend, and at night (8:00 p.m./8:00 a.m.). The most used suicide methods were psychotropic drugs, sharp or blunt objects, and jumping from high places. In this cohort, 3.6% of subjects completed suicide (4.5% of males vs. 2.9% of females), 2.3% within 1 year of the start of follow-up. The most common causes of death were drug use and hanging. In the multivariate analysis, those who used illicit drugs 24 hr prior to admission to the ED (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.23–9.73) and patients who refused the treatment (HR = 6.74, 95% CI = 1.86–24.40) showed an increased mortality risk for suicide. Conclusion: Deliberate self-harm patients presenting to the ED who refuse treatment represent a specific target group for setting up dedicated prevention schemes.

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