Soil Carbon And Nutrient Dynamics Following Cessation Of Anthropogenic Disturbances In Degraded Subtropical Forests

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Chen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽  
Subtropical Forests

Soil Carbon and Nutrient Dynamics Following Cessation of Anthropogenic Disturbances in Degraded Subtropical Forests

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 2457-2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Feng ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Songling Fu ◽  
Han Y.H. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽  
Subtropical Forests

scholarly journals Diversity of root-associated fungi of Rhododendron simsii in subtropical forests: fungal communities with high resistance to anthropogenic disturbances

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 2321-2330
Author(s):  
Yanhua Zhang ◽  
Fangping Tang ◽  
Jian Ni ◽  
Lijia Dong ◽  
Lifu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
Rhododendron Simsii

Abstract Species of the Ericaceae or heath family are widely distribute in continental ecosystems and their special ericoid mycorrhizas (ERM) are considered beneficial to their survival and persistence in variable habitats. Currently, increasing anthropogenic disturbances and improper forest management are affecting subtropical forests of China where these native species located. These activities not only affect plant communities above-ground, but also impose pressures on microbial communities below- ground. In this study, root-associated fungal communities of Rhododendron simsii in four forest types under different anthropogenic disturbances were identified using an Illumina Miseq platform, i.e., old growth forests, secondary forests with one cutting (SEC I), secondary forests with two cuttings (SEC II), and Chinese-fir plantations (PLF). Intra- and inter-annual variations were analyzed by comparing samples taken in different seasons and years. The results show that: (1) over 1000 OTUs were found in hair roots with most from the division Ascomycota and Basidiomycota belonging to different functional groups; (2) while there were a few indicator OTUs specific to different forest types, seasons and years, the proportion of shared taxa was quite large, accounting for 44.9–79.4% of the total OTUs; (3) significantly positive correlations were found between disturbance sensitivity and temporal variations in common fungal orders, and both in major fungal orders were significantly different among fungal functional groups in which putative and possible ERM fungi were highly resistant to disturbances and low temporal variations. The high disturbance resistance and temporal persistence of putative ERM fungi may be essential for the successful adaptation of R. simsii in disturbed subtropical forests of China.

scholarly journals Irrigation practices, nutrient applications, and mulches affect soil nutrient dynamics in a young Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) vineyard

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten D. Hannam ◽  
Gerry H. Neilsen ◽  
Thomas A. Forge ◽  
Denise Neilsen ◽  
Istvan Losso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Soil P

There is growing interest among commercial wine grape (Vitis vinifera L.) growers in reducing water and fertilizer consumption, but little information exists on how best to combine conservative irrigation and soil management practices in the vineyard. In a 3-year-old Merlot vineyard in the semi-arid Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, the interactive effects of resource-conserving micro-irrigation (drippers or microsprinkers), nutrient applications (fertigation or compost), and surface mulching (wood and bark chips) on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) dynamics in the wetted zone of surface soils were examined throughout the growing season using ion-exchange resins. Treatment differences in soil carbon and major nutrient pools, temperature, and moisture were also measured. Higher NO3-N was adsorbed by resins buried under drippers than under microsprinklers except in mulched plots, where NO3-N was uniformly low. By enhancing soil carbon availability and moderating soil microclimate, surface mulches may have promoted microbial immobilisation of N. Compost applications increased soil ortho-P levels, especially on mulched plots, suggesting that both P inputs (from compost) and enhanced microbial biomass (from mulch) promoted soil P cycling. Future work will examine the interactive effects of these resource-efficient practices on leaching losses, greenhouse gas emissions, crop productivity, and fruit quality.

scholarly journals Variability of aboveground litter inputs alters soil physicochemical and biological processes: a meta-analysis of litterfall-manipulation experiments

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5245-5272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Xu ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
E. J. Sayer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Litter Addition ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
Aboveground Litter ◽  
Soil Temperature And Moisture

Abstract. Global change has been shown to greatly alter the amount of aboveground litter inputs to soil, which could cause substantial cascading effects on belowground biogeochemical cyling. Although having been studied extensively, there is uncertainty about how changes in aboveground litter inputs affect soil carbon and nutrient turnover and transformation. Here, we conducted a comprehensive compilation of 68 studies on litter addition or removal experiments, and used meta-analysis to assess the responses of soil physicochemical properties and carbon and nutrient cycling under changed aboveground litter inputs. Our results suggested that litter addition or removal could significantly alter soil temperature and moisture, but not soil pH. Litter inputs were more crucial in buffering soil temperature and moisture fluctuations in grassland than in forest. Soil respiration, soil microbial biomass carbon and total carbon in the mineral soil increased with increasing litter inputs, suggesting that soil acted as a~net carbon sink although carbon loss and transformation increased with increasing litter inputs. Total nitrogen and the C : N ratio in the mineral soil increased with increased litter inputs. However, there was no correlation between litter inputs and extractable inorganic nitrogen in the mineral soil. Compared to other ecosystems, tropical and subtropical forests are more sensitive to variation in litter inputs. Increased or decreased litter inputs altered the turnover and accumulation of soil carbon and nutrient in tropical and subtropical forests more substantially over a shorter time period compared to other ecosystems. Overall, our study suggested that, although the magnitude of responses differed greatly among ecosystems, increased litter inputs generally accelerated the decomposition and accumulation of carbon and nutrients in soil, and decreased litter inputs reduced them.

scholarly journals Resource conservation practices in maize-mustard cropping system: Impact on energy, soil carbon and nutrient dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jakhar ◽  
◽  
K.S. Rana ◽  
A. Dass ◽  
A.K. Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Resource Conservation ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
System Impact

scholarly journals Effects of Douglas Fir Stand Age on Soil Chemical Properties, Nutrient Dynamics, and Enzyme Activity: A Case Study in Northern Apennines, Italy

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Vittori Antisari ◽  
Ruxandra Papp ◽  
Gilmo Vianello ◽  
Sara Marinari
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Northern Apennines ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycle ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Surface Element

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a Douglas fir plantation along a stand chronosequence in the North Apennine (Italy) on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, as well as on soil chemical and biochemical properties involved in the nutrients biogeochemical cycle. In 2014, three sites of Douglas fir stands, aged 80, 100, and 120 years, were selected in Vallombrosa forest to study the dynamics of soil nutrients in the ecosystem. Along the Douglas fir chronosequence, general evidence of surface element accumulation was found, including a conspicuous increase of alkaline element with respect to Al, which was attributed to the increase of soil pH along the Douglas fir stand age classes. A general increase of specific enzyme activity (per unit of organic carbon) and functional diversity were observed in the epipedon of the Douglas fir stand over 100 years of age. Moreover, the (chitinase + leucine aminopeptidase) to acid phosphatase ratio progressively increased from 0.15 to 0.31 in the epipedon of the chrononsequence, while the β-glucosidase to (chitinase + leucine aminopeptidase) ratio decreased from 1.45 to 0.83, suggesting nitrogen limitation with respect to carbon. In fact, the soil carbon stock progressively increased along the chronosequence, in the epipedon from 17 to 53 Mg C ha−1 and in the endopedon from 17 to 37 Mg C ha−1. Conversely, the soil nitrogen stock increased from 1.2 to 2.4 Mg N ha−1, but not over the 100-year-old stand class. In conclusion, soil organic matter accumulation became sufficient to define the umbric horizon in the Northern Apennines when the Douglas fir plantation reached the age of 100 years. Over this age class of plants, a limitation of soil nitrogen may occur, affecting enzyme activities regulating the biogeochemical cycle of nutrients.

Soil carbon accumulation and carbon sinks under different afforestation patterns in Chinese subtropical forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
徐英明 XU Yingming ◽  
虞依娜 YU Yina ◽  
李鑫 LI Xin ◽  
李昊 LI Hao ◽  
何明威 HE Mingwei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Carbon Sinks ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
Soil Carbon Accumulation

Quantifying plant-soil-nutrient dynamics in rangelands: Fusion of UAV hyperspectral-LiDAR, UAV multispectral-photogrammetry, and ground-based LiDAR-digital photography in a shrub-encroached desert grassland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temuulen Sankey ◽  
Joel Sankey ◽  
Junran Li ◽  
Sujith Ravi ◽  
Guan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Shrub Encroachment ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Ground Based Lidar

<p>Rangelands cover 70% of the world’s land surface, and provide critical ecosystem services of primary production, soil carbon storage, and nutrient cycling. These ecosystem services are governed by very fine-scale spatial patterning of soil carbon, nutrients, and plant species at the centimeter-to-meter scales, a phenomenon known as “islands of fertility”. Such fine-scale dynamics are challenging to detect with most satellite and manned airborne platforms. Remote sensing from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provides an alternative option for detecting fine-scale soil nutrient and plant species changes in rangelands over smaller extents than typically imaged with satellite and manned airborne platforms. We demonstrate that a model incorporating the fusion of UAV multispectral and structure-from-motion photogrammetry classifies plant functional types and bare soil cover with an overall accuracy of 95% in rangelands degraded by shrub encroachment and disturbed by fire. We further demonstrate that employing UAV hyperspectral and LiDAR (light detection and ranging) fusion greatly improves upon these results by classifying 9 different plant species and soil fertility microsite types (SFMT) with an overall accuracy of 87%. Creosote bush (<em>Larrea tridentata</em>) and black grama (<em>Bouteloua eriopoda</em>) are the most important native species in the rangeland and have the highest producer’s accuracies at 98% and 94%, respectively. The integration of UAV LiDAR-derived plant height differences was critical in these improvements. Finally, we use synthesis of the UAV datasets with ground-based LiDAR surveys and lab characterization of soils to estimate that the burned rangeland potentially lost 1,474 kg/ha of C and 113 kg/ha of N owing to soil erosion processes during the first year after a prescribed fire. However, during the second-year post-fire, grass and plant-interspace SFMT functioned as net sinks for sediment and nutrients and gained approximately 175 kg/ha C and 14 kg/ha N, combined. These results provide important site-specific insight that is relevant to the 423 Mha of grasslands and shrublands that are burned globally each year. While fire, and specifically post-fire erosion, can degrade some rangelands, post-fire plant-soil-nutrient dynamics might provide a competitive advantage to grasses in rangelands degraded by shrub encroachment. These novel UAV and ground-based LiDAR remote sensing approaches thus provide important details towards more accurate accounting of the carbon and nutrients in the soil surface of rangelands.</p>

Nutrient dynamics of foliar litter in reciprocal decomposition in tropical and subtropical forests

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Shaolin Peng ◽  
Hua Bi ◽  
Hongyi Zhang ◽  
Zhi’an Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Subtropical Forests
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