scholarly journals Study on a test procedure and evaluation in-situ tracer in sandy gravel aquifer

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
Hiroki NOMI ◽  
Makoto SUZUKI ◽  
Shinji TAKEUCHI ◽  
Tomoyuki HISHIYA ◽  
Hirotaka TAGISHI
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Sandy Gravel ◽  
Gravel Aquifer

scholarly journals Characterization of Wearable and Implanted Antennas: Test Procedure and Range Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Berkelmann ◽  
Dirk Manteuffel
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Range ◽  
General Ability ◽  
Test Zone ◽  
Path Loss Measurements

A method for measuring de-embedded antenna parameters of wearable and implanted antennas for on-body communications is presented. It consists of a tapered flat phantom in order to characterize an antenna’s general ability to excite surface waves travelling along the boundary between body tissue and free space expressed by an angular on-body antenna gain. The design offers a test zone large enough for most typical Wireless Body Area Network devices up to smartphone-size while minimizing the required amount of tissue-simulating material. The designed antenna test range is validated in the 2.4 GHz ISM-band. In order to showcase the applicability to a realistic application, different designs of antennas integrated into an implanted pacemaker are characterized by their on-body gain patterns. A comparison of their performance in in-situ path-loss measurements reveals a clear relation to the on-body gain patterns and indicates that this parameter is a suitable measure for enabling educated antenna design for on-body applications.<br>

The Application of Hydraulic Fracturing in Storage Projects of Liquefied Petroleum Gas

2006 ◽  
Vol 306-308 ◽  
pp. 1509-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Feng ◽  
Qian Sheng ◽  
Chao Wen Luo ◽  
Jing Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Test System ◽  
Petroleum Engineering ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas

It is very important to study the pristine stress field in Civil, Mining, Petroleum engineering as well as in Geology, Geophysics, and Seismology. There are various methods of determination of in-situ stress in rock mass. However, hydraulic fracturing techniques is the most convenient method to determine and interpret the test results. Based on an hydraulic fracturing stress measurement campaign at an underground liquefied petroleum gas storage project which locates in ZhuHai, China, this paper briefly describes the various uses of stress measurement, details of hydraulic fracturing test system, test procedure adopted and the concept of hydraulic fracturing in arriving at the in-situ stresses of the rock mass.

In Situ Short Term Test Procedure For Large Solar Thermal Systems

2000 ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Th. Beikircher ◽  
N. Benz ◽  
M. Gut ◽  
P. Kronthaler ◽  
C. Oberdorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Short Term Test

The Leaching Behaviour of the Swedish KBS-Glasses ABS 39 and ABS 41

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Hermansson ◽  
Hilbert Christensen ◽  
Lars Werme ◽  
Kaija Ollila ◽  
Rune Lundqwist
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Glass Corrosion ◽  
Simulated Waste ◽  
Leaching Behaviour ◽  
Corrosion Investigation

ABSTRACTThe planned Swedish KBS glass corrosion investigation program comprises experiments with inactive glasses containing simulated waste, prolonged in-situ tests, the characterization of corrosion products, immiscibility studies, and corrosion experiments with “hot” glass.This presentation gives a short description of the entire program. It focuses thereafter on some recent leaching results with the inactive KBS glass qualities ABS 39 and ABS 41, which were leached in a manner similar to the PNL MCC–1 test procedure.

The in situ density and shearing resistance of the Hampshire Basin Plateau Gravels

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Barton ◽  
G. J. Evans ◽  
S. B. Haji Yusof ◽  
Ho Wai Kin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Density ◽  
Sandy Gravel ◽  
Direct Shear Tests ◽  
Fluvial Terraces ◽  
Shearing Resistance ◽  
Replacement Technique ◽  
Grain Size Distributions ◽  
Different Grain Size ◽  
Best Fit

AbstractOne of the principal Quaternary deposits in Central Southern England are extensive spreads of sandy fine to coarse, mainly flint gravels: those at the higher elevations being referred to as “Plateau” Gravels to distinguish them from the “Valley” Gravels. The most widely accepted view of the origin of the Plateau Gravels is that they represent fluvial terraces deposited under periglacial conditions. Although they have provided excellent conditions for foundations, their actual in-situ density and shear strength characteristics were virtually unknown. To remedy this deficiency, a series of in-situ density tests using the sand replacement technique and direct shear tests using 300 mm square samples have been carried out.Samples of sandy gravel from Highcliffe were compacted by hand tamping to minimise particle breakdown and tested in a saturated condition with a dry density approximately 97% of the in-situ value. The results show a curved failure envelope which in the usual form of power law notation gives a best fit result of:- τ = 1.475 σn ′ 0-955 Over the range of normal Stresses from 80 to 370 kPa used in the tests, this corresponds to secant φ′ values from 51°. to 48°. Tests carried out on dry samples gave φ′ values up to 4° higher. Tests on other samples with different grain size distributions show that the shearing resistance increases with the percentage gravel (as opposed to sand) content. These results have been combined with published work on other well graded, mainly flint gravels to give a preliminary quantitative evaluation of the influence of percentage gravel content on shearing resistance.

scholarly journals Characterization of Wearable and Implanted Antennas: Test Procedure and Range Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Berkelmann ◽  
Dirk Manteuffel
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Range ◽  
General Ability ◽  
Test Zone ◽  
Path Loss Measurements

A method for measuring de-embedded antenna parameters of wearable and implanted antennas for on-body communications is presented. It consists of a tapered flat phantom in order to characterize an antenna’s general ability to excite surface waves travelling along the boundary between body tissue and free space expressed by an angular on-body antenna gain. The design offers a test zone large enough for most typical Wireless Body Area Network devices up to smartphone-size while minimizing the required amount of tissue-simulating material. The designed antenna test range is validated in the 2.4 GHz ISM-band. In order to showcase the applicability to a realistic application, different designs of antennas integrated into an implanted pacemaker are characterized by their on-body gain patterns. A comparison of their performance in in-situ path-loss measurements reveals a clear relation to the on-body gain patterns and indicates that this parameter is a suitable measure for enabling educated antenna design for on-body applications.<br>

scholarly journals Practical Approach to Predicting the K0 Behavior of In Situ Sandy Gravel

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ming-Jie Jiang ◽  
Jun-Gao Zhu ◽  
En-yue Ji ◽  
Ying-qi Wei ◽  
Zhi-zhou Geng
Keyword(s):  
Scale Effect ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Sandy Gravel ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Maximum Particle ◽  
Earth Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Preparation Techniques

To investigate the scale effect on at-rest earth pressure coefficient K0 for sandy gravel, a number of K0 tests for sandy gravel were performed by using a new-developed large-size K0 apparatus. The test samples with different maximum particle size dM are prepared by different techniques, and the scale effect on K0 behavior of sandy gravels is investigated. It is found that the vertical stress σ′v, preparation technique and dM all have some influence on the value of K0 for the tested sandy gravels. Since different dM or preparation techniques all induce the scale effect, the scale effect on K0 of sandy gravel can not be ignored. Based on the test data of sandy gravel, a description of K0 considering scale effect as well as σv′ is proposed and an approach to predict the K0 behavior of sandy gravel in situ is obtained. Furthermore, the accuracy and applicability of the approach is verified.

RECENT EXPERIENCE WITH EXTENDED LEAK-OFF TESTS FOR IN-SITU STRESS MEASUREMENTS IN AUSTRALIA

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Enever ◽  
N. Yassir ◽  
D.R. Willoughby ◽  
M.A. Addis
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracture ◽  
Fracture Stress ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
In Situ Stress Measurement ◽  
In Situ Stress Field

The historical and theoretical backgrounds of standard and extended leak-off tests with respect to in-situ stress measurement are discussed and compared with hydraulic fracture stress measurement as practised in other industries. The relative advantages of extended leak-off tests compared with standard tests in this context are discussed and a case made for the extended test procedure. The diagnostics of pressure records obtained from extended leak-off tests are discussed in light of extensive experience obtained from hydraulic fracture stress measurement, with reference to a number of extended leak-off tests conducted in Australia. A conclusion is reached that extended leak-off tests can potentially provide data of quality comparable with that obtained from ideal hydraulic fracture stress measurement, allowing resolution of the in-situ stress field with reasonable reliability in many cases. The results of some Australian extended leak-off tests are discussed and contrasted with corresponding data obtained from standard leak-off tests. A trend is revealed from this data for extended leak-off tests to produce a lower estimate of the minimum stress magnitude than standard leak-off tests.

scholarly journals Development of a New Testing Approach for Decentralised Technical Sustainable Drainage Systems

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Johannes Wolfgang Neupert ◽  
Philipp Lau ◽  
Daniel Venghaus ◽  
Matthias Barjenbruch
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Sustainable Drainage Systems

A part of the sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) are used to treat stormwater and must be tested for their hydraulic performance and the removal efficiency to assess serviceability and retention of the pollutants efficacy for in situ use. Current test procedures provide a good basis for laboratory testing SuDS on the test stand. However, the evaluation is not sufficiently representative to compare different SuDS with each other or for in situ use. The individual steps and specifications of an applied test procedure in Germany were considered and evaluation and optimizations for the test substance and sampling methodology of SuDS on the test stand were proposed. A comparison of the particle size distribution of the test substance Millisil W4 currently in use and total suspended solids of real road runoff was made, which showed that the presented test substance of real road-deposited sediments (RDS) provides a better reference for the test conditions and they could be the basis for more representative test methods. A particle size distribution was proposed for this new test substance. Furthermore, two methods of sampling were compared, which showed that a full flow sampling is preferable to a discrete sample. At the same time, it was shown that a separation limit of 20 µm is sufficient for the determination of TSS63.

scholarly journals Characterization of Wearable and Implanted Antennas: Test Procedure and Range Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Berkelmann ◽  
Dirk Manteuffel
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Range ◽  
General Ability ◽  
Test Zone ◽  
Path Loss Measurements

A method for measuring de-embedded antenna parameters of wearable and implanted antennas for on-body communications is presented. It consists of a tapered flat phantom in order to characterize an antenna’s general ability to excite surface waves travelling along the boundary between body tissue and free space expressed by an angular on-body antenna gain. The design offers a test zone large enough for most typical Wireless Body Area Network devices up to smartphone-size while minimizing the required amount of tissue-simulating material. The designed antenna test range is validated in the 2.4 GHz ISM-band. In order to showcase the applicability to a realistic application, different designs of antennas integrated into an implanted pacemaker are characterized by their on-body gain patterns. A comparison of their performance in in-situ path-loss measurements reveals a clear relation to the on-body gain patterns and indicates that this parameter is a suitable measure for enabling educated antenna design for on-body applications.<br>

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