Qualitative Analysis of Magnetic Moment in BaxTiO3 - Ni xFe3- xO4 Nanocomposite Synthesized by Novel low Temperature Technique

A novel low temperature preparation technique (<500ºC) is employed for synthesizing nanoscale Barium Titanate -Nickel ferrite composites, where the particle size is controllable. Two different ratios of hard and soft site composites (BTO-NFO 80:20, BTO-NFO 70:30) are synthesized and characterized to study their unique structural, morphological and magnetic properties. The structural refinement studies using XRD data showed 43 % of hard phase (anorthic structure) and 57% of soft phase (Cubic Structure) for BTO-NFO 80:20 and similarly 76% of hard phase and 24% of soft phase in the BTO-NFO 70:30 composite respectively. The SEM and EDAX are used to identify smaller particles of 10 nm using histogram and their sample purity. The VSM analysis at room temperature shows superparamagnetic behavior within the soft ferro magnet with maximum retentivity 2.39 emu/g and saturation magnetization, 10.71 emu/g stating that the composites can be used for various biological applications like drug delivery, hyperthermia, MRI, etc. The ratio Mr/Ms is much less than 0.5, which states that multidomain grains or single domains are formed and the particle interaction is by magneto-static interaction confirming its superparamagnetic nature.

Platelet analogues in periodontal regeneration: A narrative review

Platelet analogues (PA; platelet rich plasma and platelet rich fibrin) are autologous bioactive compounds that have a wide range of medical and dental applications, including periodontal, maxillofacial, Plastic surgery and sports medicine. The aim of these technologies is to collect all the constituents of a patient's blood sample so that they can be used to promote tissue regeneration and improve healing. Since 1954, PA has come a long way. Periodontology and implant dentistry have both benefited from the use of PAs. However, the non-standard preparation technique, processing time, transfer of concentrates, centrifugation temperature, vibration, etc. are all variables that contribute to the various results described in the literature. This study will retrace the evolution of PAs, their preparation procedures, their clinical and technological characteristics and their uses.

Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxymethyl Chitosan Nanosponges with Cyclodextrin Blends for Drug Solubility Improvement

This study aimed to enhance the solubility and release characteristics of docetaxel by synthesizing highly porous and stimuli responsive nanosponges, a nano-version of hydrogels with the additional qualities of both hydrogels and nano-systems. Nanosponges were prepared by the free radical polymerization technique and characterized by their solubilization efficiency, swelling studies, sol-gel studies, percentage entrapment efficiency, drug loading, FTIR, PXRD, TGA, DSC, SEM, zeta sizer and in vitro dissolution studies. In vivo toxicity study was conducted to assess the safety of the oral administration of prepared nanosponges. FTIR, TGA and DSC studies confirmed the successful grafting of components into the stable nano-polymeric network. A porous and sponge-like structure was visualized through SEM images. The particle size of the optimized formulation was observed in the range of 195 ± 3 nm. The fabricated nanosponges noticeably enhanced the drug loading and solubilization efficiency of docetaxel in aqueous media. The drug release of fabricated nanosponges was significantly higher at pH 6.8 as compared to pH 1.2 and 4.5. An acute oral toxicity study endorsed the safety of the system. Due to an efficient preparation technique, as well as its enhanced solubility, excellent physicochemical properties, improved dissolution and non-toxic nature, nanosponges could be an efficient and a promising approach for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs.

A Systematic Characterization Approach for Vacuum Bag Only Prepregs towards an Accurate Process Design

Aerospace-grade composite parts can be manufactured using Vacuum Bag Only prepregs through an accurate process design. Quality in the desired part can be realized by following process modeling, process optimization, and validation, which strongly depend on a primary and systematic material characterization methodology of the prepreg system and material constitutive behavior. The present study introduces a systematic characterization approach of a Vacuum Bag Only prepreg by covering the relevant material properties in an integrated manner with the process mechanisms of fluid flow, consolidation, and heat transfer. The characterization recipe is practiced under the categories of (i) resin system, (ii) fiber architecture, and (iii) thermal behavior. First, empirical models are successively developed for the cure-kinetics, glass transition temperature, and viscosity for the resin system. Then, the fiber architecture of the uncured prepreg system is identified with X-ray tomography to obtain the air permeability. Finally, the thermal characteristics of the prepreg and its constituents are experimentally characterized by adopting a novel specimen preparation technique for the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity. Thus, this systematic approach is designed to provide the material data to process modeling with the motivation of a robust and integrated Vacuum Bag Only process design.

Dairy Processing: The Soft Spreadable Cheese Xygalo Siteias

The aim of cheese manufacturers is to produce high quality and safe products. Along the food chain of “milk to cheese and food products”, milk is collected, transferred, and managed in a standardized manner; processing results in safe, ready-to-eat products, of high nutritional quality. Soft, acid cheeses are prepared in various regions of Greece, mainly from ewe milk, goat milk, or their mixtures. They are produced from the rennet and/or acid coagulation of thermally-treated, full-fat milk undergoing acidification/curdling and ripening. Xygalo Siteias is a Greek soft cheese, produced in the area of Siteia, Crete, where it was recognized as PDO in 2011. It is close—more in texture and less in taste—with other cream cheeses PDO of Greece, such as Pichtogalo of Chania, and Katiki Domokou, still it differs in the preparation technique as well as in its physicochemical, biochemical, microbiological, and organoleptic characteristics. In this review, we focus on the processing and characteristics of Xygalo Siteias, mentioning perspectives for the further microbiological characterization of the product, the determination of its shelf-life in combination with new packaging-materials, as well as the attention it deserves as a food important for breeders, the local economy, and consumers, since it is associated with the Cretan-Mediterranean diet type.

Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Hair Oil

In the present study herbal Hair oils were formulated. Hair is one of the vital parts of the body and a protective appendage on the body and considered accessory structure of integument along with sebaceous glands, sweat glands and nails. Hair oils are widely used by the consumer of the cosmetic industries. The hair oil samples comply for the requirements of color, odour, PH, Viscosity, Density, acid value. Present investigation was undertaken to standardize the selected herbal hair oils on physicochemical parameters and some standard. Excellent results were seen in formulation prepared by boiling method of oils preparation technique. Keyword: Herbal preparation, Hair oil, Acid value, Saponification value AIM: To Formulate & Evaluate Polyherbal Hair Oil. Objectives:  To collect information about Marketed herbal hair oils.  To prepare polyherbal hair oil.  To explore the use of Neem, Banyan tree of Arial root & Amla  To study evaluation of hair oil such as PH, Viscosity, Density, Refractive index, Acid value, Saponification value.  To achieve best formula for the hair oil using herbal ingredients.

Preparation and characterization of CdS thin film using chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique for solar cell application

The structural properties of CBD deposited CdS thin films have been studied by varying the processing parameters and Cd/S ratio of the starting Precursors in order to better understand the growth conditions. A CdS thin film was prepared on glass substrate by CBD method from a bath containing Thiourea and Ammonium hydroxide. The structural analysis was performed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The deposited CdS thin film was a cubic phase with small nano crystalline grains. The film was deposited at 60°C for 2 hours. After sintering the film at 300°C for 1 hour the color of the film was changed like dark yellowish and the thickness of the film was obtained 100 nm. The FTIR was done at room temperature over 350 cm-1 to 4500 cm-1 and it showed the existence of different functional group in the sample and their probable source. These studies have allowed us to establish a standard set of conditions for the fabrication of homogeneous and continuous very thin CdS films in laboratory and this preparation technique is also suitable for preparing highly efficient thin film due to its advantages such as simple, large area films, low deposition temperature and low-cost method.

Sundering of earthworms by the Fairy Pitta (Pitta nympha): an unexplored strategy of prey preparation for brood provisioning by avian vermivores

Ecological specialists utilize a restricted range of resources and have evolved adaptations to exploit their specialized resources. For example, avian insectivores that feed nestlings with grasshoppers, beetles, or moths perform insect prey preparation before feeding nestlings so that the nestlings are able to swallow the prey. This behavior is generally not expected for soft prey such as earthworms. However, an overview of photographic evidence available online suggested that earthworms are sundered by parents before bringing the prey to the nestlings in a range of species from several families of vermivores worldwide. Reports on the provisioning of nestlings by the vermivores are relatively scant and no report on earthworm sundering has been published. We studied earthworm sundering performed by parents provisioning their broods at four nests of the Fairy Pitta in Korea. The birds sundered earthworms more often when nestlings were smaller and when the earthworm was longer. This is the first quantitative description of earthworm sundering in avian vermivores. We present and evaluate four hypotheses for the function of sundering: provisioning of small nestlings, decreased detectability, hunting multiple prey, and transport of prey. Among these, provisioning of small nestlings seems the most feasible explanation of sundering by the Fairy Pitta as sundering the earthworm allows parents to efficiently provision the younger/smaller nestlings who would have difficulties swallowing unsundered earthworms. This specialized prey preparation technique of vermivores suggests a tight adaptive match between their parental behaviors and their diet (vermivory).

Influence of Different Coffee Brewing Methods on the Biochemical Composition of Fruit Juice and Coffee Drink

A fruit juice and coffee drink is an interesting combination that provides the necessary bioactive compounds and caffeine for the whole day. The coffee brewing method changes not only the amount of caffeine but also the taste of fruit juice and coffee drink. The least bitter taste is felt in cold brewed coffee, making it an ideal ingredient for a fruit juice and coffee drink. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of preparing technologies for creating an innovative fruit juice and coffee drink with a high content of bioactive compounds. Four different types of medium-roasted “Lofbergs” coffee beans were compared, as well as two brewing techniques: French press (hot coffee) and cold-brew. Concentration of vitamin C, pH, soluble solids content, titratable acids, total phenol content, DPPH antiradical activity, and sensory analyses were determined for all prepared samples. Concentration of vitamin C in juice with coffee was from 10.36 to 22.60 mg·100 g−1, and the highest vitamin C concentration was preserved in the pasteurised juice and coffee drink with cold-brew coffee preparation technique. Concentration of soluble solids was from 12.3 to 12.6%, titratable acids from 0.79 to 0.87%, pH from 2.68 to 2.88, total phenols from 54.31 to 129.26 mg·100 g−1, and the highest total phenol concentration was obtained in the pasteurised fruit and coffee drink with smooth and sweet coffee beans prepared using the cold-brew technique. DPPH antiradical activity was from 126.24 to 177.89 mg·100 g−1 in the tested samples, and the highest DPPH antiradical activity was detected in the pasteurised fruit and coffee drink with sweet and nutty coffee beans prepared with cold-brew technique. The best sensory profile was for coffee and juice drinks with “Lofbergs” Medium roast Fruity and Velvety Rwanda coffee beans and “Lofbergs” Medium roast prepared with cold-brew technology.