Culturally Aware Social Robots That Carry Humans Inside Them, Protected by Defeasible Argumentation Systems

Author(s):  
Selmer Bringsjord ◽  
Michael Giancola ◽  
Naveen Sundar Govindarajulu

After taking note of the conceptual fact that robots may well carry humans inside them, and more specifically that modern AI-infused cars, jets, spaceships, etc. can be viewed as such robots, we present a case study in which inconsistent attitude measurements resulted in the tragic crash in Sweden of such a jet and the death of both pilots. After setting out desiderata for an automated defeasible inductive reasoner able to suitably prevent such tragedies, we formalize the scenario in a first-order defeasible reasoner—OSCAR—and find that it can quickly generate a partial solution to the dilemma the pilots couldn’t conquer. But we then note and address the shortcomings of OSCAR relative to the desiderata, and adumbrate a solution supplied by a more expressive reasoner based on an inductive defeasible multi-operator cognitive calculus (ℐ𝒟𝒞ℰ𝒞) that is inspired by a merely deductive (monotonic) precursor (𝒟𝒞ℰ𝒞). Our solution in this calculus exploits both the social and cultural aspects of of the jet/robot we suggest be engineered in the future. After describing our solution, some remarks about related prior work follow, we present and rebut two objections, and then wrap up with a brief conclusion.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Sogimin Sogimin

This research describes the cultural obstacles in the communication oral and written between native speaker and non native speaker in English.  The obstacles of cultural is one of main obstacles in the  two peoples of communication in the different culural. The research,especially describes the one case of communication between Indonesian people and British people in the social media WhatsApp. The main data of the research is the communication transcript in the social media WhatsApp. Besides of that, the data comes from the interview with the responden.             The research is the case study of the Indonesian people and British people. The data analysis uses qualitative and descriptive method. The result of research shows the miscommunication from different cultural in English. This miscommunication not only caused of the skill of language(language competence) but also difference of cultural between of two peoples. Suggested  to the English learner that  not only learns in the languages aspects but also learns in the cultural aspects, because both of them coud not separate and interplay each others.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Z Brasil ◽  
Valmor Ramos ◽  
Michel Milistetd ◽  
Diane M Culver ◽  
Juarez V do Nascimento

The purpose of this study was to explore the learning pathways of five Brazilian surf coach developers, in order to understand how they became coach developers. A case study was conducted with five surf coach developers working in the sport participation context, and linked to a legally organized Brazilian surf federation. Three main research topics guided the semi-structured interviews: participants’ experiences as a surfer, as a surf coach, and as a coach developer. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to explore the participants’ perceptions of the experiences around becoming a surf coach developer. The study revealed a pattern of formative experiences for the participants, across their lives and careers. Their experiences as a surfer and as a surf coach, as well as their exposure to the surfing environment and their contact with significant others, influenced in their engagement in surfing and in the surf coach context; leading them eventually to the desire to share knowledge with others. Becoming a surf coach developer in this study corresponded to a mutual socialization process across a lifetime. This process was marked by situated socio-cultural aspects of different life phases, strongly influenced by the social relations established in immediate contexts (family) and with other specific groups (surfers, coaches, and developers).


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Débora Regina Bacega

Resumo: Este artigo discorre sobre as práticas transversais da memória que circularam nas redes digitais durante a comemoração do centenário da escritora Clarice Lispector no ano de 2020. Nota-se que essas práticas acionam tanto acervos pessoais quanto editoriais da autora nas teias comunicacionais. Nesse ínterim, o fazer-memória se faz pela reapresentação das narrativas compreendidas nesses acervos. Assim, busca-se problematizar como essas práticas corroboram com a rememoração da autora e sua obra também na ambiência digital. Para tanto, aciona-se reflexões de estudiosos dos aspectos comunicacionais, arquivísticos e socioculturais da memória. Neste estudo de caso, adota-se como corpus os lançamentos comemorativos do site.claricelispector.ims.com.br, do Podcast da Clarice, da hashtag #365diasdeClarice nas redes sociais Facebook e Instagram e das edições especiais dos livros da escritora. Espera-se demonstrar como essas práticas comunicacionais e da memória podem contribuir para a renovação periódica do acervo literário e cultural de Clarice Lispector também no tempo presente. Palavras-chave: memória, acervo digital; literatura; centenário; Clarice Lispector. Abstract: In the meantime, memory-making is done by re-presenting the narratives included in these collections. Thus, the purpose is to comprehend how these practices corroborate the remembrance of the author and her work also in the digital environment. For this, reflections from scholars of the communicational, archival and socio-cultural aspects of memory are triggered. In this case study, commemorative inaugurations of site.claricelispector.ims.com.br, Clarice Podcast, hashtag # 365diasdeClarice on the social networks Facebook and Instagram and special editions of the writer's books are adopted as corpus. It is expected to demonstrate how these communication and memory practices can contribute to the periodic renewal of Clarice Lispector's literary and cultural collection also in the present time. Keywords: memory; digital collection; literature; centenary; Clarice Lispector.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mohammadi Kalan ◽  
E. Oliveira

ABSTRACT - Sustainable architecture aims to design buildings and infra-structures, such as squares and bazaars, adapted to the social, economic, cultural and environmental contexts of certain place. The practice of sustainable architecture contributes to sustainable development, therefore for the development of future generations. The concept must integrate not only bioclimatic strategies, but also economic, social and cultural facets. Sustainable architecture research is either carried while the designing process takes place (the present) but is also focused on the built environment through the historical time of a place (the past). The aim of this article is to bring to the academic discussion new perspectives on sustainable architecture and debate the relationship between the architectural elements and the social and cultural aspects by taking the Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex as case study. Infra-structures like Bazaars are geographically placed all over the world, from Turkey to Egypt, from Tajikistan to Iran. In Iranian cities, the bazaar keeps playing an important role as economic and social engine. Thus, research the main elements that keep the Bazaar of Tabriz so actively dynamic in the present will be discussed.


2019 ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Roberto Narváez Collaguazo

La antropología jurídica remite su ámbito de investigación e interpretación a los sistemas jurídicos que establecen el orden interno de las sociedades, y tiene en la etnografía un método de investigación que permite un acercamiento sistemático a las prácticas y particularidades culturales de los grupos sociales, analizándolos y desarrollando una descripción que nos permite una comprensión de sus aspectos culturales. La antropología jurídica utiliza la etnografía como un método para comprender el orden social y los sistemas legales imperantes en un grupo humano. El estudio de caso nos remite al pueblo waorani que habita la Amazonía ecuatoriana, contactado en la década del sesenta del siglo anterior y en proceso de cambio cultural, con influencia de preceptos religiosos evangélicos y de moral occidental. Después de más de cincuenta años de contacto, una institución del orden social tradicional, la guerra, mantiene vigencia y se expresa como un espacio de reafirmación cultural en un contexto moderno, con un nuevo marco simbólico y referentes históricos y tradicionales previos al contacto. La guerra, para los waorani, es un articulador social que otorga prestigio a sus participantes y rememora el ethos tradicional waorani siendo una expresión vigente de la cultura tradicional.Ethnography: a research instrument in legal anthropology.A case of amazon peopleAbstractLegal anthropology refers its research and interpretation field to legal systems establishing the internal order of societies, and – in ethnography – it has a research method with a systematic approach to cultural practices and particularities of social groups, analyzing and describing them for understanding its cultural aspects. Legal anthropology uses ethnography as a method for understanding the social order and legal systems prevailing in a human group. The case study refers us to the Waorani people who live in the Ecuadorian Amazon, contacted in the 1960s and in process of cultural change, influenced by evangelical religious precepts and Western morality. After more than fifty years of contact, an institution of the traditional social order, i.e. war, remains valid and expressed as a cultural reaffirmation in a modern context, with a new symbolic framework and historical and traditional references prior to contact. For the Waorani, war is a social articulator giving prestige to its participants and recalling the traditional Waorani ethos, being a current expression of the traditional culture.Keywords: Ethnography, war, Amazonian peoples, interculturality, culturaltradition.A etnografia: instrumento de pesquisa em antropologia jurídica. O caso de um povo amazônicoResumoA antropologia jurídica remete seu âmbito de pesquisa e interpretação aos sistemas jurídicos que estabelecem a ordem interna das sociedades, e tem na etnografia um método de pesquisa que permite uma aproximação sistemática às práticas e particularidades culturais dos grupos sociais, analisando-os e desenvolvendo uma descrição que nos permite una compreensão de seus aspectos culturais. A antropologia jurídica utiliza a etnografia como um método que lhe permite uma compreensão da ordem social e dos sistemas legais imperantes em um grupo humano. O estudo de caso nos remete ao povo waorani que habita a Amazônia equatoriana, contatado na década do sessenta do século anterior e em processo de mudança cultural, com influência de preceitos religiosos evangélicos e de moral ocidental. Depois de mais de cinquenta anos de contato uma instituição da ordem social tradicional, a guerra, mantém vigência e se expressa como um espaço de reafirmação cultural em um contexto moderno, com um novo marco simbólico e referentes históricos e tradicionais prévios ao contato. A guerra, para os waorani, é um articulador social que outorga prestígio a seus participantes y rememora o ethos tradicional waorani sendo uma expressão vigente da cultura tradicional.Palavras-chave: Etnografia, guerra, povos amazônicos, interculturalidade,tradição cultural.


2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
A Wibowo ◽  
A Setyawati ◽  
G Masyithoh ◽  
E S Rahayu

Abstract The Lawu mountainside community uses local wisdom in its preservation of medicinal plants. The goal of this research is to describe the role of local wisdom in preserving and diversifying the use of medicinal plants. The research uses a qualitative method with an explorative approach to explore local wisdom and the optimization of medicinal plants. The research results show that the Lawu mountainside community, who use a wealth of local wisdom in the preservation and optimization of the diversification of medicinal plant use, supported by the potential of natural beauty, have managed to preserve and transfer this local wisdom to the younger generation and create a tourism site to attract visitors. This has had implications on economic and social cultural aspects. In the economic aspect, it has led to a development in the local economy, while in the social cultural aspect, it has brought about an internalization of ecological values in management of the natural environment.


2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Aburamadan

AbstractThe increase in refugee numbers is an increasingly important concern globally. Many countries in different regions have been accommodating refugees by providing temporary shelters made from ineffective and inadequate materials to provide thermal comfort for refugees. However, the shelters provided are often inadequate solutions for shelter and neglect the social and cultural diversity of the refugees. Socio-cultural norms, practices and values are rarely considered in the design of shelters and this has an adverse impact on how refugees live in these spaces. Using insights from the Al Baqa’a refugee camp in Jordan as a case study, this paper uses a mixed-method approach to explore how the challenges of inadequate shelter has consequently led refugees to self-organize and create new socio-cultural spaces to adapt to the place. The findings suggest that historically, Al Baqa’a camp has reorganized by users due to social needs and climate challenges. When the camp was created in 1967, the inadequacy of the housing and infrastructure to provide comfort influenced refugees to self-organize and create adaptive spaces of comfort. However, over the decades, these spaces have evolved into spaces of enterprise, belonging and memory of their homeland. Therefore, this paper argues that refugee shelter design should have an integrated consideration of the climatic elements and the social and cultural aspects of refugees. The paper concludes with lessons learned drawn from the evidence to act as guideline for the consideration of official humanitarian organizations in other camps and local communities.


1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1639-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Williams ◽  
G Shaw ◽  
J Greenwood

There has been little research on the social and cultural aspects of tourism entrepreneurship. In this paper the social routes to tourism entrepreneurship are investigated, with emphasis on two major channels—those of the ex-employer and the ex-employee. Data are reported from a case study of Cornwall where 411 firms were interviewed as part of a stratified sample, representing different local economic environments and different sectors of tourism. An analysis of previous occupational experience and of access to capital only provides a partial explanation of entrepreneurship in Cornish tourism. Further analysis of business motivations and of migration patterns reveals an important dimension of noneconomic decisionmaking. This raises questions as to whether tourism entrepreneurship can be seen as a form of consumption rather than production and to its relationship with the entrepreneurial middle class as a whole.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.


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