A Study on Assessment and Management of Diabetic Gastropathy

To assess and manage Diabetic gastropathy. Diabetic gastropathy is least concern in developing countries but many patients receiving oral anti diabetics leads to serious gastric problems. This study involves identification of gastric problems and improves compliance, medication adherence among population and also determine the severity of gastric problems due to oral hypoglycemic drugs. In our study, women are more effected (54%) than men (46%). Most effected age group is 40-60 years age with 58% Mild (male-20.9%, female-22.27%) and moderate (male-37.9%, females-39.7%) conditions are the most effected in terms of severity. This is due to poor glycemic control and not using proper medication, diet. Treatment should be focused on improving gastric symptoms by controlling gastric emptying. Prevention of gastric symptoms by following some dietary changes, nutritional and physiological support is effective to patients.

Online Education during Covid-19: A Safe and Effective Way of Learning Research Techniques from a Mentor

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed social mechanisms of our world causing many countries to impose either partial or complete lockdowns. Consequently, many people have resorted to online platforms for undertaking their daily business activities and jobs. Similarly, there is also an increasing trend of online education followed by both teachers and students around the world. Therefore, the aim of this research paper is to explore how a mentee learnt research techniques from a mentor through online platforms. Although researchers have studied the challenges and opportunities of online education during the pandemic, this research will explore how the mentee learnt research techniques from the mentor through emails, WhatsApp interaction, and Microsoft Word track changes feature. In this paper, we have used experiential research methodology for carrying out research. Employing qualitative method of data analysis, we have found out that the feedback and suggestions provided by a mentor to a mentee’s research work through the online platforms have been very safe and effective in improving the mentee’s research skills. Moreover, purposively selected chunks from the mentee’s six revised drafts have been discussed to demonstrate how online education facilitates practical learning during the pandemic. Finally, we are of the view that online platforms may be used as effective pedagogical tools because these facilitate learners to read their mentor’s feedback and suggestions as many times as they desire to improve their performance.

Delayed Inhalational Injury due to Accidental Muriatic Acid Poisoning

Muriatic acid is the commonly used toilet bowl cleaner in India. It is delivered industrially and is utilized for cleaning, pickling, electroplating metals, in refining mineral metals, in petrol well extraction, in cowhide tanning, in the refining of fats, cleansers, and consumable oils. Inhalation is the most common exposure of muriatic acid contamination. In this article, medical studies about a case of delayed inhalational injury due to muriatic acid poisoning has been reported.

UNESCO MIL Cities Network As Opportunity for Development in Africa

The main objective of this article is to show the opportunities that can open up for African cities from the UNESCO MIL Cities approach. The methodology used was the theoretical-practical based on the bibliographical review and the narrative of the authors' experiences. MIL Cities is a UNESCO framework that speaks of the need to build or reform urban spaces so that they use new technologies but using them ethically and respectfully for vulnerable groups, transcending cultural barriers to communication and contributing to the objectives of the 2030 agenda. The article has three parts. The first part insists on the definition of the MIL Cities concept, its origin and the preliminary work that has been done to support its implementation. An exhaustive explanation is given of the 13 Indicators and 252 metrics of MIL Cities published by Chibás Ortiz and other authors. The creation of the UNESCO World Network of MIL Cities is discussed. The second part explains the role of metrics in the evaluation of MIL projects in towns and cities. This second part focuses also on the practical implementation strategies and cases deployed to spread the concept and its objectives. A particular emphasis is placed on the various webinars organized and their format though the whole world. This part summarizes actions and events taken to promote the initiative. The third part focuses on the Latin America & Africa MIL Cities initiative. In this last section, the article focuses on the launch of the project and on the objectives to be achieved to develop MIL Cities in Africa. It highlights the countries involved in the project launch activities, the promotional strategies to be deployed to disseminate the concept to all countries on the continent. It is concluded that the MIL Cities framework opens up new possibilities for the growth and development for African cities.

Universalization of Elementary Education: Challenges, Issues and Efforts

The Indian education system is perhaps the largest system in the world catering the need of millions of students of different socio-economic background. Education is globally acknowledged as the most powerful means of empowerment. Education is utmost important for every child irrespective of its gender. It is disheartening that, even in current modern scenario, some people are still against the education of the girl children. Every child has the right to receive elementary education however, Due to many factors girls are forced to leave school while others never have been provided an opportunity to enroll in schools. Among children not attending schools there are more girls than boys and among illiterate adults, there are more women than women. Many girls continue to dropout that adversely affects the efficiency of the education system and respective progressive expectations. The unfinished task in terms of un-enrolled and out-of-school girl child is the manor challenge. Rigorous and continuous efforts are required to bring and retain girl children under the purview of education system. The community and government schemes in this direction, can jointly play a vital role in bringing and retaining girl children to schools for primary and secondary education. To understand the problems and challenges faced by girls at elementary education level the author conducted a study in education zone Magam. The zone progressed significantly but still it has many areas of concern that are primarily responsible for un-fulfilment of the goals of universal literacy. There are number of problems which become hindrance in the way of education of girls but whatever the reason is if significant efforts were taken this problem can be then tackled easily. So, the authors hope that this study can help us to illuminate some of the complexities around education of the girls at elementary level and bring new insight to policy makers and educational practitioners.

Women’s Participation in Governance and Political Processes in Kenya: Threats and Proposed Remedies

The most recent studies on women’s political participation demonstrate that women are consistently denied adequate space and a level playing field to participate in politics and governance, especially in many global south countries, unlike their male counterparts. These studies’ most dominant claim is that these contexts’ patriarchal cultural norms mainly limit women’s central involvement in such nations’ political processes. Based on this impediment system, it follows that these environments become more unpropitious, hostile, and insecure for women in politics, which opens up and perpetuates possibilities for all manner of harm to them. Because of such threats, several scholars, religious leaders, and women activists decry the underrepresentation of women in politics, which in their understanding, has contributed to prolonged systemic discrimination through a legacy of insufficient woman-centric legislation and policy interventions. There is a consensus-based claim among the majority of these actors that this kind of inadequacy continues unabated due to a siloed thinking that inhibits a joined-up approach in tackling such discrimination. This paper seeks to further explore this claim through a broad stroke integrated review of literature that deals with women’s political participation in Kenya, where the concept of traditional gender role beliefs provides a vital backdrop for conducting it. Based on this concept’s valuable terms of reference, it is concluded that women need to be accorded a more enabling environment to participate in politics and, in this way, ensure that their ascension to leadership positions in governance becomes tenable. It is anticipated that such an assumption will increase legislation, policy and other interventions geared towards safeguarding women’s general participation in politics. In light of such conclusion, it is proposed that groundswell support is needed to ensure that the creation of a conducive environment for women to be involved in politics is realized, and in this way, their disenfranchisement based on their limited participation in politics is tackled.

Challenges to Data Collection: Digital Divide Causing Double Marginalization of the Bagri Community in Sindh, Pakistan

In the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, we conducted qualitative research on the Bagri community in Pakistan’s Sindh province. The Bagri community is considered an indigenous community in Pakistan’s Sindh and Punjab provinces. They also live in some states in India. The community has been referred to as ‘scheduled caste’ in Pakistan’s constitution. They speak Bagri language and practice Hinduism. Unfortunately, some Hindus and Muslims discriminate against the Bagri community and give them a wide berth and the community is seen as untouchable (Shah, 2007). Due to lockdowns caused by Covid 19, it has become difficult to access members of the community in order to collect data. Many of the members of the community have no digital literacy and the few who had mobile phones were contacted through mobile phone, but unfortunately voice quality of the interviews was not good and there was either network or noisy interruptions which made it difficult to understand what the interviewee was saying. Given this difficult situation, we used the strategy of using a friend of a friend to conduct the interviews on our behalf. However, even this solution faced challenges as the community was perceived as untouchable. In this way, the Bagri community was not only socially but also digitally marginalized. Therefore, this qualitative research will explore the digital and social challenges coresearchers faced during data collection, and we discuss how these challenges, were to some extent, surmounted.

An Effective Techniques Using Apriori and Logistic Methods in Cloud Computing

This paper presents a creativity data prefetching scheme on the loading servers in distributed file systems for cloud computing. The server will get and piggybacked the frequent data from the client system, after analyzing the fetched data is forward to the client machine from the server. To place this technique to work, the data about client nodes is piggybacked onto the real client I/O requests, and then forwarded to the relevant storage server. Next, dual prediction algorithms have been proposed to calculation future block access operations for directing what data should be fetched on storage servers in advance. Finally, the prefetching data can be pressed to the relevant client device from the storage server. Over a series of evaluation experiments with a group of application benchmarks, we have demonstrated that our presented initiative prefetching technique can benefit distributed file systems for cloud environments to achieve better I/O performance. In particular, configuration-limited client machines in the cloud are not answerable for predicting I/O access operations, which can certainly contribute to preferable system performance on them.

e-RUPI: A Purpose Specific Digital Voucher

e-RUPI is an advanced online resolution that has been launched by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) in collaboration with the Department of Financial Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, National Health Authority, and partner banks. It is just like a prepaid voucher that can be used by users to redeem an amount without a card, online payment application, or without accessing internet banking services. The present learning has explored the existing literature and aimed to discuss the merits and demerits of this emerging prepaid voucher, in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been found that the e-RUPI initiative of the Modi government will be fruitful for the beneficiaries as they will receive a direct benefit. It will be reliable and secure for both companies and customers. It suffers from ICT-related risks such as cyber fraud, hacking, lack of efficiency, and attitude of people towards adoption of this new resolution.

AFTER THE DELUGE: AN ACTION NOTEBOOK FOR A RESPONSIBLE SOCIOLINGUIST

In this paper, we begin with inevitability and cyclicity of pandemic during the last two centuries. The problems seem to be coming back to us again and again through Small-pox, Tuberculosis, Plague, Influenza, HIV/AIDS, Ebola, and now COVID-19. The 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) pandemic and the Avian Influenza resulted in establishment of WHO protocols and awareness. However, as we consider the people at the Bottom of the Pyramid in developing and poor countries, the problem of survival of ethnic groups and their languages appear to be more acute. We know that 96% of India’s mother-tongues are spoken by only 4% of the population. But as India houses 3592 numerically weak mother tongues (spoken by 705 tribes or ethnic groups and 1284 castes scattered all over our rural landscape), with high degree of poverty combined with social hierarchies based on caste, religion and ethnicity, the shape of our population pyramid is relatively flat and bulging at the bottom making the problem of the survival of mother-tongues and learning in other-tongues complex. Our problem is that these ethnic groups and speakers of indigenous languages are fast losing their grip over their respective mother-tongues as they have to survive in an urban cauldron. It is this group that faced/faces the COVID-19 crisis more than anyone else, and it is this group that was seen walking back from urban centres to their villages. But those who stayed back in villages are also vulnerable to the pandemic. The effect of COVID-19 on our indigenous groups could be dangerous. After defining and describing ‘Danger’, we argue that the creativity of these indigenous language speakers is facing a grave threat. This is not only a matter of survival or production, but also an issue of printing, publishing, being read, translated, and sold. After discussing a few theoretical positions, from Ethnologue to Fishman and others, a list of tasks of Responsible Sociolinguistics is enlisted here. Then a detailed comparison is held between Biological and Linguistic Endangerment. What lessons could be learned by sociolinguists and language planners is discussed. The kind of tensions existing as real threat to survival are discussed in terms of systems theory and power-conflict theory. We argue that Linguistics should be used for healing of the wounds and injured pride of the smaller speech groups.