Effects of the adjacent channels on IP3 and IP5 of RF amplifier

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qian Lin ◽  
Hai-Feng Wu ◽  
Lin-Sheng Liu ◽  
Chun Cao
Keyword(s):  
Control Variable ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Rf Amplifier ◽  
Amplifier Model ◽  
Nonlinear Amplifier ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Communication Architectures ◽  
Adjacent Channels ◽  
Fifth Order ◽  
The Impact

This paper discusses the impact of the adjacent channels on the 1-dB compression point, the IP3 and the IP5 of Radio Frequency (RF) amplifier by n-tone test. By combining the theoretical derivation and software simulation, the model analysis for the third/five order polynomial nonlinear amplifier has been achieved. Moreover, the control variable method is adopted to draw the curves for the input/output signals. The research shows that the 1-dB compression point, the IP3 and the IP5 drop as n increases, and they all have symmetry for a given n. The fifth-order polynomial nonlinear amplifier model is proposed, the research shows that the adjacent channels have a great impact on the 1-dB compression point, the IP3 and the IP5 of the desired channel. This effect must be taken into account in actual RF amplifier designs and wireless communication architectures.

Impact of Corporate Governance on the Cash Holding of the Firms: An Empirical Study of Indian Manufacturing Sector

GIS Business ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Karam Pal Narwal ◽  
Sonia Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Cash Holding ◽  
Executive Directors ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Indian Manufacturing Sector ◽  
The Impact

The paper empirically examines the impact of corporate governance on the cash holding of the firms. The components of corporate governance are measured by board size, board meeting, audit committee members, directors remuneration and non executive directors and the cash holding is measured with the log of average cash and size is taken as control variable for the control effect on the dependent variables. Moreover, correlation and panel regression model were employed to examine the relationship between the corporate governance and cash holding. Empirical data was collected from 96 firms over the period of 2004-05 to 2013-14. The results show that directors remuneration and the number of audit committee members positively influence the cash holding and the board size also positively influences the cash holding whereas, the non executive directors and the board meetings do not play any role in enhancing the cash holding.

scholarly journals The impact of credit rationing on farmer’s economic equilibrium

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Čechura
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Credit Rationing ◽  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Economic Equilibrium ◽  
Dynamic Investment ◽  
Dynamic Optimization Model ◽  
Investment Spending ◽  
The Impact

The paper deals with the theoretical analysis of the impact of credit rationing on farmer’s economic equilibrium. The analysis is carried out based on the derived dynamic optimization model, which is the dynamic investment model with adjustment costs. The credit rationing is introduced by imposing an upper limit on the control variable, which is in this case represented by the investment spending. Then, the optimal control is used to solve the optimization problem in the situation of both with and without credit constraints. Finally, the situations without and with credit rationing are compared. The results show that the occurrence of credit rationing or in general financial constraints significantly determines the capital accumulation and investment decisions of farmers and as a result their supply functions.

A Study on Using Plasticity Theory in the Design of the Transit Platform’s Panel

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan Teng ◽  
Da Shan Dong ◽  
Hui Qing Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Design Theory ◽  
Impact Dynamics ◽  
Practical Situation ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
Container Crane ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Reference Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Energy Law ◽  
Full Consideration

Taking the limit intensity as a starting point, a plasticity design theory is introduced in the design of the transit platform’s panel of double trolley quayside container crane for replacing elasticity design theory as a conventional method. As to the impact dynamics issue, the study gives a theoretical derivation based on the energy law as well as a verification of the experiments of the lockpins’ falling , and uses simulations with Ansys/Ls-dyna condition. Combining the above three aspects, the results prove to be correct. Given the limitations and requirements of the practical situation and the standards, a reasonable design is offered. Through full consideration, it provides the value of the experience for future reference design and should be widely extended to use.

scholarly journals Impact of Corporate Governance Attributes on Tax Planning of listed Manufacturing Companies: A Comparative Study between Nigeria and Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Sule Ba’aba ◽  
Mahmud Bashiru
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
P Value ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Effect Estimation ◽  
The Impact

The serious decline in the price of crude oil in recent years has led the state government to look for new sources of revenue and becomes strict and aggressive to the assessment and collection of revenue from the existing sources. This study examines the impact of Corporate Governance Attributes on Tax planning of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria and Malaysia. The corporate governance parameters include board size and CEO tenure while tax planning is proxied by the effective tax rate and firm size as control variable. The objective is to determine if there is a relationship between corporate governance attributes and tax planning which in turn may improve firm performance. The study adopts comparative and ex-post facto research design and will utilise panel data from annual reports and accounts of the listed companies for the period of five years (2014-2018). The Data were analysed using a panel regression technique to assess the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Hausman specification test was conducted to choose between fixed and random effect estimation and the p-value is0.9863 which insignificant. The resultsfrom random effect estimation modelindicates a negative and significant relationship between CEOT, FSIZE and ETR and a positive relationship between BSIZE and ETR.Therefore, the study concludes that corporate governance mechanism plays a significant role in tax planning and Nigerian manufacturing companies pays high tax charges as compare to Malaysian food and beverages companies.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Parameter Optimization of Flexible Support System of Optical Mirror

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8071
Author(s):  
Zujin Jin ◽  
Gang Cheng ◽  
Yusong Pang ◽  
Shichang Xu ◽  
Dunpeng Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Force Output ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Flexible Support ◽  
Objective Parameter ◽  
The Impact

During the processing of an optical mirror, the performance parameters of the bottom support system would affect the surface forming accuracy of the mirror. The traditional bottom support system has a large unadjustable support stiffness, which increases the difficulty of unloading the impact force generated by the grinding disc. In response to this scenario, a flexible support system (FSS) consisting of 36 support cylinders with beryllium bronze reeds (BBRs) and rolling diaphragms (RDs) as key components is designed. It is necessary to analyze the key components of the support cylinder to reduce its axial movement resistance, ensure a consistent force output of each support point. First, the internal resistance model of a flexible support cylinder is established, and the main factors of internal resistance are then analyzed. Thereafter, the multi-objective structural parameters of the BBR and RD are simulated in ANSYS using the control variable method. The optimal structural parameters of BBR and RD are determined by simulation. Finally, experiments are performed on the RD ultimate pressure, internal resistance of the support cylinder, and consistency of the force output of the FSS. The experimental results show that the support cylinder with the optimized design has good force output consistency, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of FSS in optical mirror processing.

scholarly journals Capital Structure and Firm Performance: Evidence from Malaysian Public Listed Plantation Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-142
Author(s):  
Kim Foong Jee ◽  
Jia En Joanne Ngui ◽  
Pei Pei Jessica Poh ◽  
Wai Loon Chan ◽  
Yet Siang Wong
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Total Debt ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the relationship between capital structure and performance of firms. The study is confined to plantation sector companies in Malaysia and is based on a sample of 39 firms which listed in Bursa Malaysia for the period from 2009 to 2019. This study uses two performance measures which are ROA and ROE as the dependent variable. Besides, the capital structure measures are the short-term debt, long-term debt, total debt and firm growth, which as the independent variables. Size will be the control variable in this study. Moreover, a fixed-effect panel regression analysis has been used to analyse the impact of capital structure on firm performance. The results indicate that firm performance, which is in term of ROA, have an insignificant relationship with short-term debt (STD) and long-term debt (LTD). For the total debt (TD) and growth, there is a significant relationship with ROA. However, for the performance measured by ROE, it has an insignificant relationship with short-term debt (STD), long-term debt (LTD) and total debt (TD). Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between the growth and the performance firms from plantation sector in Malaysia.

scholarly journals The impact of the supervisory board on bond ratings of non-financial companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Zainal Abidin Sahabuddin ◽  
Bram Hadianto
Keyword(s):  
Audit Committee ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Bond Ratings ◽  
Bond Rating ◽  
High Bond ◽  
The Impact

Issuing bonds is one of the alternative ways for non-financial companies to get money from the public besides borrowing money from banks. Compared with getting money banks, obtaining money from the bond market is slightly economical because the companies are not essential to borne the intermediation cost anymore. As a consequence, the companies in the bond market will get the assessment from the appointed agency. Furthermore, the rating of bonds will determine their reputation. Mentioning the literature review, the bond ratings are affected by the features of the supervisory board: size, independence, and audit committee. Therefore, this research intends to attain two goals. Firstly, it aims to prove and analyze the impact of the supervisory board size and independence, as well as the audit committee size on the company’s possibility to get a high bond rating with profitability as the control variable. Secondly, it intends to know the accuracy rate of grouping the company bond ratings through the classification matrix.The population originates from the non-financial companies. The total samples are determined by the Slovin formula with a boundary of the fault of 10%. Based on this formula, the total samples are 36 companies. Furthermore, they are randomly grabbed from the population. The ordered probit regression model and the classification matrix are utilized to analyze the data. Based on the data analysis, this research finds out that the supervisory board size and independence, the audit committee size, and profitability positively affect the bond ratings. It means that the number of the commissioner board and the members of the audit committee have to be added until achieving the maximum level to monitor the performance of the directors so that the company can reach a high bond rating. To sum up, board governance is effective in improving the company’s bond rating.

Buckling of Axially Graded Columns: A Fifth-Order Polynomial Mode Shape

AIAA Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 2509-2513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Storch ◽  
Isaac Elishakoff
Keyword(s):  
Mode Shape ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Fifth Order

scholarly journals Analysis of the Influence of Production Method, Crumb Rubber Content and Stabilizer on the Performance of Asphalt Rubber

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5447
Author(s):  
Haibin Li ◽  
Wenbo Li ◽  
Ahmed Abdulakeem Temitope ◽  
Dong Zhao ◽  
Guijuan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Temperature Behavior ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Asphalt Rubber ◽  
The Impact

Asphalt rubber (AR) is often described as an environmentally friendly material due to the incorporation of recycled rubber from used tires and its improved service life. Its field application is influenced by many factors. In order to evaluate the impact of different factors such as crumb rubber (CR) content, stabilizer and the production method on the performance of rubber powder modified asphalt, two different matrix asphalts were prepared, the basic experiments, control variable methods and several related tests were thereafter conducted. The results showed that a moderate amount of CR could enhance the pavement performance. The suitable CR content was 20–25% for 90# matrix asphalt and 22–26% for 70# matrix asphalt. The stabilizer had a positive impact on the AR’s high temperature behavior and was beneficial to the storage of AR, but it did not make a significant influence on low temperature behavior. In addition, different methods brought certain performance differences. Though AR produced with the heat fusion method had better high-temperature performance, the rubber particles would easily disperse and melt in the asphalt during the shearing process, which gave AR more balanced physical performance. This study identifies the shearing method as the optimal choice for site construction and provides a wider application range for asphalt rubber in the road construction field. The selection of parameters depends on the construction areas and performance requirements.

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