scholarly journals MILITARY DARK HUMOR AS A FORM OF ADAPTIVE PROCESSES AND THE INDIVIDUAL�S RESPONSE TO FEAR OF DEATH (PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASPECT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Ye. Khraban ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Dark Humor ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Psychoanalytic Interpretation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Coping

The aim of the article is to examine military black humor as a form of adaptive processes and the individual�s response to the fear of death in the system of psychological defense mechanisms and coping strategies. A more complete results in this study can be gotten through the integration of discourse analysis and psychoanalytic interpretation. Discourse analysis has the most empirically oriented approach and allows to focus on extensive psychological issues such as cognition, emotions, attitudes, values, prejudices, memory, motives. Psychoanalytic interpretation focuses on the symbolism of the unconscious, universal meanings and psychological mechanisms that are important material to analyze totality of derived psychological meanings present in dark humor patterns. The material for this empirical, inductive study is text fragments, memes and photographs, which are posted on the website of �Military service� Ukrainian group. Results and discussions. One of the thematic dominants of military dark humor is the threat to life and fear of it. The fear of death itself is one of the human existence conditions. Such amount of fear fits into bounds of what most humans can psychologically tolerate that does not destroy or paralyze activity. In order to protect his psyche from the destructive effects of traumatic situation during which the norms of fear exceed the standards, a military man often seeks to restore the functional state of his body and reduce emotional stress. Considering this perspective as a pragmatic aspect of humor it can be argued that the creation of the game reality of death in dark humor depends, first of all, on those coping strategies and psychological defense mechanisms, which are most appropriate for a person�s psyche. According to the terror management theory an individual uses certain coping strategies and defense mechanisms depending on whether or not he is aware of the inevitability of death. Analysis of the dark humor patterns created by the Ukrainian military and actualizing the theme of death and everything associated with it make it possible to outline the following range of adaptive mechanisms ranked in a descending order according to their relative importance in the total sample: �Desacralization�, �Regression�, �Desensitization�, �Positive re-evaluation�, �Displacement�, �Sublimation�, �Denial�. Conclusions. Being natural human emotion fear of death during combat activates defense mechanisms and coping strategies. The study of the projection of these occurrences in dark humor have made it possible to conclude that the military dark humor is the result of frustrating life experiences and aimed to reduce sensitivity to fears and improve their psychological state. This is achieved owing to changing the modal evaluation and the capability to be emotionally withdrawn.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the mechanisms of psychological defense and coping strategies among teenagers with different types of parenting

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Antonina Vladimirovna Shabaeva ◽  
Galina Vladimirovna Mitina ◽  
Ramilya Magadievna Davletshina
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scientific Facts ◽  
And Coping

The goal of this article is to examine the psychological defense mechanisms and coping strategies of teenagers with different types of parenting. The subject of this research is the mechanisms of psychological defense and coping strategies of teenagers with different types of ubpringing. The empirical object of the research became the sample of 72 teenagers (36 girls and 28 boys), aged 14 to 15, as well as 72 parents (mothers). Based on the results of empirical research, the author acquired scientific facts on specificity of using psychological defense mechanisms and coping strategies by teenagers with different types of parenting. The research program contains diagnostic techniques of parenting strategies, family relationship, mechanism of psychological defense of personality, and coping strategies. The statistical analysis was carried out using the parametric student's T-test. The scientific facts obtained in the course of study broaden the perspective on teenagers and possibilities of rendering them psychological assistance within the framework of non-constructive forms of coping strategies and coping behavior. The following conclusions were made: 1) teenagers raised by authoritarian parents try to avoid contact with reality and solution of the arising problems, they usually use the psychological defense mechanism “compensation”; 2) teenagers from the families with democratic parenting often use the psychological defense mechanism “intellectualization” and coping the strategy for solving problems; 3) the peculiarity of hyperprotective parenting forms the psychological defense mechanism “substitution” and coping strategy of avoiding problems; 4) pandering type of parenting results in manifestation of the desire to avoid contact with surrounding reality and solution of the problems, the most widespread strategy of coping behavior among such teenagers is “avoidance”.

scholarly journals Features of psychological protection of students of IHE who are engaged in swimming

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
N. Dakal ◽  
O. Cherevichko ◽  
K. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

The purpose of psychological protection is to maintain the integrity of the "self-concept" of the individual by protecting his consciousness from negative traumatic experiences, fear of failure, anxiety or uncertainty in their actions. The authors who studied this phenomenon in sports note that the psychological protection of the athlete - is a system of mechanisms and methods of mental self-regulation of consciousness and behavior of the individual in extreme mental conditions. Psychological defense mechanisms are manifested in students as a regulatory system that is activated in a situation of internal or external conflict. Based on it, students often show such a defense mechanism as substitution, regression, and compensation. Considering the manifestation of protective mechanisms in boys and girls, we obtained the following indicators: reactive formations (73% in girls and 51% in boys) and projection (73% in girls and 54% in boys) (p <0.05); in boys prevails: suppression (65% in boys and 45% in girls) and intellectualization (69% in boys and 56.1% in girls) (p <0.05). We found differences in the choice of the dominant mechanism of psychological protection by swimming students. The leading mechanism in the studied contingent is substitution, and the least preferred is suppression. The study identified the manifestation of the main mechanisms of psychological protection in students who swim and analyzed certain types of protection with a description of the specific features of the system of protective mechanisms and the level of their impact depending on gender differences.

scholarly journals Relations between typological personality traits and mechanisms of psychological defense

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-D) ◽  
pp. 517-527
Author(s):  
Vitaliy V. Kabakov ◽  
Andrey E. Sorokin ◽  
Anatoly V. Ryapukhin
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
The Individual

Research object is the typological personality traits. Subject of research is the relation of temperament and the mechanism of psychological defense. Purpose of the research is to reveal the relation between the typological characteristics of the personality and the mechanisms of psychological defense. The hypothesis of the research is the assumption that there is a relation between the typological characteristics of the personality and the mechanisms of psychological defense. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the results obtained can become the basis for the development of a program for the correction or optimization of psychological defense mechanisms based on the typological characteristics of the individual.

scholarly journals Coping strategies of nurses in the care of patients with head and neck neoplasms

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-578
Author(s):  
Naira Agostini Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Antonio Tadeu Cheriff dos Santos ◽  
Rildo Pereira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
Facial Image ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Coping

Abstract OBJECTIVE To understand and describe the experience of the development of coping strategies during the professional life of nurses providing care to patients with facial image alteration. METHOD Descriptive qualitative study with a hermeneutic-dialectic framework conducted in the head and neck ward of a reference hospital in Rio de Janeiro, with the participation of eight nurses and data produced through semi-structured interviews conducted between June and August 2013. RESULTS Three major impressions were found: initial estrangement and complexity, consisting in the care given to patients with facial image alteration; a threshold between estrangement and coping, corresponding to the emergence of coping strategies during care; and image-likeness as a (re)cognition of the individual with facial image alteration in the development and consolidation of coping strategies during care. CONCLUSION Among other contributions, the identification and understanding of coping strategies may contribute to better qualify nursing education and care.

scholarly journals Interrelation between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multi-Centric Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca-Livia Panfil ◽  
Mirela Frandes ◽  
Aurel Nirestean ◽  
Marinela Hurmuz ◽  
Diana Lungeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Background: The challenges that a professional face when working in the field of psychiatry require the development of adequate defensive and coping styles. Our study aimed to explore both the coping strategies and defense mechanisms and their relationship among psychiatry trainees in Romania.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine and to evaluate both defensive and coping styles of Romanian psychiatry trainees. DSQ-60 and COPE scales were applied to psychiatry trainees from five training centers in Romania. By applying structural equation modeling, we studied models that presumed the existence of relationships between coping strategies and defensive mechanisms. Results: The results of the study indicate that superior defense mechanisms and task-oriented coping style were the commonly used approach by trainees in psychiatry. Also, our findings show significantly consistent correlations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5) between adaptive defense mechanisms and coping styles focused on the problem or the emotion. Similarly, the avoidant coping strategies correlated with non-adaptative defense styles (correlations between 0.3 and 0.5). Our model presented good fit indices, X2(34) = 64.324, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; RMSE = 0.08. Moreover, the results indicated a weak association, r = 0.07, p < 0.001, between the two types of adaptive processes.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that trainees in psychiatry present a profile based on two independent groups of adaptation processes, namely, adaptive defenses and problem-oriented coping scales, and non-adaptive defenses and avoidant coping scales.

scholarly journals Variables associated with the modalities of psychic adaptation (coping mechanisms and psychic defense mechanisms) in depressive disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (73) (1) ◽  
pp. 234-246
Author(s):  
Dănuț Ioan Crașovan ◽  
Laura Patricia Farcaș
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Coping Process ◽  
And Coping

The study lists a series of research on the particularities of psychic adaptation in depressive disorders, respectively psychological defense mechanism and coping mechanisms. At the same time, the study analyzes the existing relationships, in depressive disorders case, between coping and variables such as tools and the methodology for assessing the coping process, the relevance and usefulness of the coping process in the clinic and the treatment of psychopathology as information processing, the personality and typology of the human subject, the type of disorder diagnosed, age of the human subject, locus of control, parental style, life events, personal experience, adherence to medication, gender, economic situation, profession, culture/environment, presence or absence of depressive disorders.

Tolerance to uncertainty among psychology students as a predictor of adaptation strategy in the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Oksana A. Kondrashikhina
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Passive Aggression ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study is to identify the correlation between tolerance/intolerance to uncertainty with coping strategies and mechanisms of psychological protection of the individual in the conditions of adaptation to situations with a high degree of uncertainty associated with the coronavirus pandemic. A positive correlation was established between tolerance to uncertainty and the protective mechanisms of “humor” and “compensation”, and a negative correlation with the mechanism of “omnipotent control”. Increasing the level of tolerance to uncertainty entails: 1) increased levels of regression and withdrawal in uncertain situations; 2) reduced readiness for systematic problem solving and the emergence of an inability to separate emotions about the situation from its cognitive solution; 3) reduced ability to enter into active opposition with uncertainty, reduced ability to humor and positive reassessment of an uncertain situation. In addition, an increase in the level of interpersonal tolerance to uncertainty leads to an increase in the defense mechanisms and used coping strategies (passive aggression, dissociation, projection, displacement, substitution, distancing, etc.), which clearly indicates the perception of an uncertain situation by such students as extremely difficult, threatening, negative. Thus, tolerance to uncertainty is a significant resource for adaptive living by a person in the conditions of uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic. Students with a high interpersonal tolerance to uncertainty are the most vulnerable to the uncertainty associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The practical significance of the study is in the need to form the ability to constructive activity in conditions of uncertainty, which can be implemented in the process of training interventions. Further research may be based on considering the relationship between tolerance to uncertainty and other factors of adaptation to the conditions of uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The relevance of the study is associated with the scarcity of works on the assessment of adaptive resources of the individual in the conditions of uncertainty associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

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