scholarly journals Selenium is a functional component of the female reproductive system. Its role in pregnancy complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-332
Author(s):  
G.K. Sadykova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Olina ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Functional Component ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
In Pregnancy

This paper reviews studies on selenium (Se) in human reproduction. Low Se intake is associated with the development of gestational hypertension, miscarriage, premature birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and thyroid gland dysfunction. Therefore, studies on the association between Se deficiency and impaired folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and infertility in women are of great interest. Unfortunately, these studies are scarce, and further studies are needed. A significant antioxidant activity of Se-containing enzymes allows for minimizing risks of obstetrical complications associated with placental insufficiency. Therefore, selenium is vital for realizing female reproductive function. However, even given potential risks of insufficient Se-containing product intake, the authors find it unacceptable to recommend Se dotation in the population since toxic effects of Se excess are yet to be fully explored. Further studies on Se biological effects will extend the scope of its use in obstetrics and gynecology in terms of a preventive approach. KEYWORDS: selenium, placental insufficiency, folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, antioxidant, miscarriage, premature birth, intrauterine growth restriction. FOR CITATION: Sadykova G.K., Olina A.A. Selenium is a functional component of the female reproductive system. Its role in pregnancy complications. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(4):328–332 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-4- 328-332.

scholarly journals Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Cytokine Profiles of Trophoblast Antigen-Stimulated Maternal Lymphocytes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Raghupathy ◽  
Majedah Al-Azemi ◽  
Fawaz Azizieh
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ifnγ And Tnfα

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an important perinatal syndrome that poses several serious short- and long-term effects. We studied cytokine production by maternal peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated by trophoblast antigens. 36 women with a diagnosis of IUGR and 22 healthy women with normal fetal growth were inducted. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with trophoblast antigens and levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-23, IFNγ, and TNFα and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 were measured in culture supernatants by ELISA. IL-8 was produced at higher levels by blood cells of the IUGR group than normal pregnant women, while IL-13 was produced at lower levels. IL-8, IFNγ, and TNFα were higher in IUGR with placental insufficiency than in normal pregnancy. IL-12 levels were higher and IL-10 levels were lower in IUGR with placental insufficiency than in IUGR without placental insufficiency. We suggest that a stronger pro-inflammatory bias exists in IUGR as compared to normal pregnancy and in IUGR with placental insufficiency when compared to IUGR without placental insufficiency. Several ratios of proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokines also support the existence of an inflammatory bias in IUGR.

Antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin Antibodies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome with Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1263-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Canti ◽  
Stefania Del Rosso ◽  
Marta Tonello ◽  
Roberta Lucianò ◽  
Ariela Hoxha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Objective.Antibodies that recognize the phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex (antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies; aPS/PT) might reveal enhanced thrombotic risk in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Little is known about their association with pregnancy complications in the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).Methods.We enrolled 55 patients with APS who were seeking pregnancy in 2 Italian hospitals. Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), including anticardiolipin antibodies, anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies, lupus-like anticoagulant, and aPS/PT antibodies were assessed, and the patients were prospectively followed for 24 months.Results.There were 65% (36/55) of the APS patients who had aPS/PT antibodies. Forty-seven pregnancies were followed, including 33 of aPS/PT+ patients. Forty-one of the 47 patients (87%) who initiated a pregnancy eventually gave birth to a child. The pregnancy duration and the mean newborn weight at delivery were significantly lower in aPS/PT+ than in aPS/PT− patients (33.1 ± 4.7 vs 36.2 ± 3.4 wks of gestation, respectively, and 2058 ± 964 g vs 2784 ± 746 g, respectively, p < 0.05). Late pregnancy complications, including intrauterine fetal death, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), were more frequent in aPS/PT+ patients, independent of the therapy. Titers of aPS/PT IgG were significantly inversely correlated with the neonatal weight at delivery. Vascular injury, as reflected by thrombosis, fibrinoid necrosis, ischemic and hemorrhagic areas, and presence of chorangiomas characterized the IUGR placentas in the presence of aPS/PT.Conclusion.The aPS/PT antibodies might represent markers of aPL-related pregnancy complications, IUGR/preeclampsia in particular, and could help identify beforehand patients who may require additional treatment.

scholarly journals Consequences in Infants That Were Intrauterine Growth Restricted

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Cosmi ◽  
Tiziana Fanelli ◽  
Silvia Visentin ◽  
Daniele Trevisanuto ◽  
Vincenzo Zanardo
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Cardiovascular Abnormalities ◽  
Short And Long Term

Intrauterine growth restriction is a condition fetus does not reach its growth potential and associated with perinatal mobility and mortality. Intrauterine growth restriction is caused by placental insufficiency, which determines cardiovascular abnormalities in the fetus. This condition, moreover, should prompt intensive antenatal surveillance of the fetus as well as follow-up of infants that had intrauterine growth restriction as short and long-term sequele should be considered.

scholarly journals Maternal and perinatal outcomes of hyperthyroidsm in pregnancy at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, period of January 2015 - December 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Fita Maulina ◽  
M Adya F F Dilmy ◽  
Ali Sungkar
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objectives: To report maternal and perinatal outcomes of hyperthyroidsm in pregnancy.Case Report: There were 3622 cases of delivering pregnant women during the period of the study. From this number, the prevalence of pregnant women with hyperthyroid was 0.2 %. We reported 9 cases of hyperthyroid in pregnancy. The number of pregnancy complication and outcome on pregnant women with hyperthyroidism were preterm labor (44%) and preeclampsia (22%), both were found in group of mother who did taking antihyperthyroid therapy. In those who did not take antihyperthyroid therapy 11% had spontaneous abortion and 11% had preterm delivery. Fetal complications were intrauterine growth restriction (11%) and intrauterine fetal death (23%), both of these complication were on the group who did not take antihyperthyroid. On the contrary, 44% babies were born with normal birthweight in group who took antihyperthyroid.Conclusion: There were differences noted between the group that took adequate treatment and the group that did not take antihyperthyroid. The incidence of intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine fetal death were high in group that did not took antihyperthyroid therapy but the incidence of preterm delivery as the maternal complication was high in group that did take the antihyperthyroid therapy.  

scholarly journals Catecholamines Mediate Multiple Fetal Adaptations during Placental Insufficiency That Contribute to Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Lessons from Hyperthermic Sheep

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Yates ◽  
A. S. Green ◽  
S. W. Limesand
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Hepatic Gluconeogenesis ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Placental insufficiency (PI) prevents adequate delivery of nutrients to the developing fetus and creates a chronic state of hypoxemia and hypoglycemia. In response, the malnourished fetus develops a series of stress hormone-mediated metabolic adaptations to preserve glucose for vital tissues at the expense of somatic growth. Catecholamines suppress insulin secretion to promote glucose sparing for insulin-independent tissues (brain, nerves) over insulin-dependent tissues (skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose). Likewise, premature induction of hepatic gluconeogenesis helps maintain fetal glucose and appears to be stimulated by both norepinephrine and glucagon. Reduced glucose oxidation rate in PI fetuses creates a surplus of glycolysis-derived lactate that serves as substrate for hepatic gluconeogenesis. These adrenergically influenced adaptive responses promotein uterosurvival but also cause asymmetric intrauterine growth restriction and small-for-gestational-age infants that are at greater risk for serious metabolic disorders throughout postnatal life, including obesity and type II diabetes.

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