scholarly journals Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Insecta: Heteroptera: Aphididae)

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2005 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg S. Nuessly ◽  
Russell T. Nagata
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Schizaphis Graminum ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Small Grains

The greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), has been recognized as a major pest of small grains for over 150 years. Described by Rondani, it was first placed in the genus Aphis (Rondani 1852) and later moved to the genus Toxoptera. There are about 40 recognized Schizaphis species worldwide with seven known from North America (Blackman and Eastop 2000). This document is EENY-353, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Published: July 2005.  EENY-353/IN634: Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae) (ufl.edu)

First Report of a 16SrI (Aster Yellows) Group Phytoplasma in Phlox in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Sathoff ◽  
Deepak Rajendran ◽  
Seth D. Wannemuehler ◽  
Katarina Sweeney ◽  
Fazal Manan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
First Report ◽  
Color Range ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Phlox are herbaceous perennial ornamentals native to North America grown for their flower color, range in flowering time, scent, and differing forms. Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris, first found to occur in Chinese asters, is spread by aster leafhoppers and in 2001 was reported to be a serious threat to phlox. There have been several reports of Ca. P. asteris in garlic and small grains in Minnesota. This is the first report of Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris in phlox in Minnesota and the United States. Accepted for publication 28 June 2016. Published 6 September 2016.

OCCURRENCE OF CHROMATOMYIA FUSCULA (ZETT.) (DIPTERA: AGROMYZIDAE) IN CEREALS AND GRASSES IN QUEBEC

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 979-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Andersen ◽  
J.N. McNeil
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Major Pest

Larvae of the leafminer Chromatomyia fuscula attack many wild and cultivated grass species, including cereals, in Europe (Spencer 1969, 1991; Griffiths 1980) and are considered a major pest in parts of Fennoscandia (Spencer 1973; Andersen 1989a). However, in North America this species has been reported only on non-cereal grasses (Spencer 1969, 1991; Griffiths 1980). Therefore in 1994 a survey was undertaken in the region around Quebec City to determine if C. fuscula was truly restricted to non-cereal grasses or if, as in Europe, it also attacked cereals.

LISTRONOTUS MONTANUS DIETZ (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) DAMAGING SPRING WHEAT IN MONTANA

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue L. Blodgett ◽  
Patricia M. Denke ◽  
Michael A. Ivie ◽  
Charles W. O’Brien ◽  
Andrew W. Lenssen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Continental Divide ◽  
Potential Pest ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Prairie Provinces

Listronotus montanus (Dietz) is a little known species, distributed in central North America. O'Brien and Wibmer (1982) record its occurrence from Indiana west to Nevada and north to the Prairie Provinces. In Montana, it occurs widely in grasslands east of the Continental Divide (Montana Entomological Collection, unpublished), but is also recorded from Saunders Co. in western Montana (Russell 1968). Nothing has been reported on the biology of this species, but it has been observed on grasses in the Cypress Hills of Alberta (CWOB unpublished). We report the occurrence of this species as a potential pest of small grains.

Parasites of the Frit-fly, Oscinella frit (L.), in eastern North America

1952 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Pest

An account is given of an investigation made of the life-histories of Oscinella frit and its parasites in Ontario, Canada, with a view to the possible introduction of suitable parasites into England. The various Chloropid species associated with O. frit in North America are discussed.The life-history of the frit-fly in Ontario is similar to that in England except wheat, not oats, is attacked, and that there appears to be no regular grain-infesting generation, but the insect is never a major pest in Canada.The life-histories of the following six species of parasites are described : Hexacola sp. n., Polyscelis sp. n., Loxotropa sp., Cyrtogaster sp., Callitula bicolor and Spalangia drosophilae. Other hosts from which these parasites have been reared include Chloropids associated with O. frit in wheat, namely O. carbonaria, O. soror, O. minor and Meromyza americana.A brief account is given of the control exerted by these parasites on the population of frit-fly in Ontario and a comparison is made between the Canadian and English parasite complexes. From this it is concluded that S. drosophilae might exert some control of frit-fly if introduced into England.

SSR marker diversity of soybean aphid resistance sources in North America

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1104-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Y. Chen ◽  
Cuihua Gu ◽  
Clarice Mensah ◽  
Randall L. Nelson ◽  
Dechun Wang
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Aphis Glycines Matsumura

The soybean aphid ( Aphis glycines Matsumura) has become a major pest of soybean in North America since 2000. Seven aphid resistance sources, PI 71506, Dowling, Jackson, PI 567541B, PI 567598B, PI 567543C, and PI 567597C, have been identified. Knowledge of genetic relationships among these sources and their ancestral parents will help breeders develop new cultivars with different resistance genes. The objective of this research was to examine the genetic relationships among these resistance sources. Sixty-one lines were tested with 86 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from 20 linkage groups. Non-hierarchical (VARCLUS) and hierarchical (Ward’s) clustering and multidimensional scaling (MDS) were used to determine relationships among the 61 lines. Two hundred and sixty-two alleles of the 86 SSR loci were detected with a mean polymorphism information content of 0.36. The 61 lines were grouped into 4 clusters by both clustering methods and the MDS results consistently corresponded to the assigned clusters. The 7 resistance sources were clustered into 3 different groups corresponding to their geographical origins and known pedigree information, indicating genetic differences among these sources. The largest variation was found among individuals within different clusters by analysis of molecular variance.

Toxoptera graminum. [Distribution map].

1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Schizaphis Graminum ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Toxoptera graminum[Schizaphis graminum] (Rond.) (Homopt., Aphididae) (Greenbug (U.S.A.)). Hosts: Cereals, notably wheat, oats, barley and rye; grasses. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Czechoslovakia, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Aden, Ceylon, China, Cyprus, India, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Lebanon, Pakistan, Persia, Philippine, Turkey, USSR, AFRICA, Egypt, Eritrea, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, Northern, Rhodesia, Republic of South Africa, Southern Rhodesia, Sudan, Tanganyika, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Mexico, U.S.A., SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Uruguay.

The Biology and Control of the Pea Moth, Laspeyresia nigricana, Steph.

1948 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Wright ◽  
Q. A. Geering
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Developing Seeds ◽  
Far North ◽  
Pea Moth ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
And Control ◽  
Considerable Damage

The Pea Moth, Laspeyresia nigricana, Steph., is one of the principal pests of garden and field peas in Great Britain. Its larvae feed within the pods causing considerable damage to the developing seeds and giving to their contents a veryunsightly appearance. The insect is widely distributed in England and, according to Meyrick (1927), occurs in Scotland as far north as the Clyde. It is most prevalent, however, in the southern part of England, where in the pea growing counties of Lincoln, Essex and Kent it frequently causes severe losses. It is widely distributed in central and southern Europe while in North America it has spread, since its introduction, to all the main pea producing areas and has become a major pest.

scholarly journals Cereal leaf beetle: is performance affected by grass endophytes?

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 345-345
Author(s):  
S.L. Clement ◽  
L.R. Elberson ◽  
T. Miller ◽  
M. Kynaston ◽  
T.D. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Cereal Leaf Beetle ◽  
Oulema Melanopus ◽  
Small Grains

Cereal leaf beetle (CLB), Oulema melanopus (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a long known pest of small grains in Europe, was first recorded in North America (Michigan) in 1962.

Seasonal occurrence and spatial distribution of resinosis, a symptom of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) injury, on boles of Pinus sylvestris (Pinaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Ryan ◽  
Peter de Groot ◽  
Sandy M. Smith ◽  
Jean J. Turgeon
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
North America ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Established Population

AbstractAn established population of the exotic woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) was first detected in North America in 2004. In order to develop survey guidelines for the detection of this major pest of Pinus Linnaeus species in the Southern Hemisphere, we examined 231 Pinus sylvestris biweekly to establish the timing and spatial distribution of resinosis symptoms of attack, and the timing of subsequent tree mortality. Fresh resin appeared between mid-July and late August, and on 70% of infested trees was observed on the mid bole. The occurrence of tree death varied between sites, from 2 weeks after the first detection of resinosis in one site to several months in seven other sites. Findings from our study provide key information to improve detection of S. noctilio and predict its impact on forest stands in its new range in northeastern North America.

Ecological niche modeling (ENM) of Leptoglossus clypealis a new potential global invader: following in the footsteps of Leptoglossus occidentalis?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Leonela Olivera ◽  
Eugenia Minghetti ◽  
Sara I. Montemayor
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Ecological Niche Models ◽  
Leptoglossus Occidentalis ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Niche Models

Abstract The introduction of alien species is one of the main problems in conservation. Many successful invaders cause severe economic and ecological damage. Such is the case of Leptoglossus occidentalis, a phytophagous true bug native to North America, which has become a pest in Europe, Asia, Africa and South America. Within the genus, another species whose distributional range is expanding toward the east of North America is Leptoglossus clypealis. As climate determines the successful establishment of insects, the identification of climatically suitable areas for invasive species based on ecological niche models (ENMs) offers an excellent opportunity for preventing invasions. In this study, ENMs were built for both species and their native climatic niches were compared. Their niche breath was also measured. The climatic niches of both species are identical and the niche breadth of L. clypealis is broader than that of L. occidentalis. In view of the great ecological resemblance between these two species, we believe that L. clypealis could became a major pest thus it should be carefully monitored. The results of the present worldwide ENMs showed numerous regions with suitable conditions for the establishment of both species. The future ENMs exhibited a retraction in the suitable areas in North America, Europe and Asia.

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