OCCURRENCE OF CHROMATOMYIA FUSCULA (ZETT.) (DIPTERA: AGROMYZIDAE) IN CEREALS AND GRASSES IN QUEBEC

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 979-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Andersen ◽  
J.N. McNeil
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Major Pest

Larvae of the leafminer Chromatomyia fuscula attack many wild and cultivated grass species, including cereals, in Europe (Spencer 1969, 1991; Griffiths 1980) and are considered a major pest in parts of Fennoscandia (Spencer 1973; Andersen 1989a). However, in North America this species has been reported only on non-cereal grasses (Spencer 1969, 1991; Griffiths 1980). Therefore in 1994 a survey was undertaken in the region around Quebec City to determine if C. fuscula was truly restricted to non-cereal grasses or if, as in Europe, it also attacked cereals.

Trait differences between grass species along a climatic gradient in South and North America

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Oyarzabal ◽  
José M. Paruelo ◽  
Federico Pino ◽  
Martín Oesterheld ◽  
William K. Lauenroth
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Climatic Gradient

Designation of a neotype and paraneotype for Conularina triangulata (Raymond, 1905) (Upper Ordovician, eastern North America)

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 796-797
Author(s):  
Heyo Van Iten ◽  
Mario E. Cournoyer ◽  
Michelle Coyne
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Thrust Sheet ◽  
City Formation ◽  
Early Late

Conularina triangulata (Raymond, 1905), the genotype of Conularina Sinclair, 1942, is a rare, early Late Ordovician conulariid (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa; Van Iten et al., 2006) having three sides or faces instead of four (Sinclair, 1942, fig. 9; Van Iten, 1992, text-fig. 3E). Originally described from the Valcour Formation (early Sandbian; Dix et al., 2013) on Valcour Island, New York (Sinclair, 1942), C. triangulata has since been found in laterally equivalent strata of the upper Laval Formation (‘Upper Chazy’; Sinclair, 1942) in Laval, Québec, Canada (Sinclair, 1942). From this same unit and area, Sinclair (1942) erected three new, four-sided species of Conularina (C. irrasa, C. raymondi, and C. undosa), and he erected a single four-sided species (C. narrawayi) from the Ottawa Formation (now the Sandbian–Katian Ottawa Group; Dix et al., 2013) at Tétreauville (now Gatineau), Québec. Subsequently, Jerre (1994) reported the occurrence of two species of Conularina in the Upper Ordovician of Sweden. Jerre (1994) also proposed that Eoconularia? forensis Sinclair, 1946 from the Upper Ordovician Citadelle Formation (‘Quebec City’ Formation; Sinclair, 1946) in Québec City, Québec (Promontoire de Québec thrust sheet, Appalachian Humber Zone, Allochtonous Domain; Castonguay et al., 2002) is a species of Conularina.

Microscopial Society of Canada/ Société de Microscopie du Canada

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (I1) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
Raynald Gauvin
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Great Pleasure ◽  
History Of

It is my great pleasure to welcome you in Quebec City for the Microscopy and Microanalysis 2002 meeting. I invite you to participate in the scientific symposia as well as to attend the exhibits. I also encourage you to visit the old town and the Battlefield Park where you can still hear Wolfe's and Montcalm's weapons used in the dramatic battle of September 1759 that changed the history of North America. I am certain that you will enjoy “Québec Joie de Vivre”.

Parasites of the Frit-fly, Oscinella frit (L.), in eastern North America

1952 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Pest

An account is given of an investigation made of the life-histories of Oscinella frit and its parasites in Ontario, Canada, with a view to the possible introduction of suitable parasites into England. The various Chloropid species associated with O. frit in North America are discussed.The life-history of the frit-fly in Ontario is similar to that in England except wheat, not oats, is attacked, and that there appears to be no regular grain-infesting generation, but the insect is never a major pest in Canada.The life-histories of the following six species of parasites are described : Hexacola sp. n., Polyscelis sp. n., Loxotropa sp., Cyrtogaster sp., Callitula bicolor and Spalangia drosophilae. Other hosts from which these parasites have been reared include Chloropids associated with O. frit in wheat, namely O. carbonaria, O. soror, O. minor and Meromyza americana.A brief account is given of the control exerted by these parasites on the population of frit-fly in Ontario and a comparison is made between the Canadian and English parasite complexes. From this it is concluded that S. drosophilae might exert some control of frit-fly if introduced into England.

SSR marker diversity of soybean aphid resistance sources in North America

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1104-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Y. Chen ◽  
Cuihua Gu ◽  
Clarice Mensah ◽  
Randall L. Nelson ◽  
Dechun Wang
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Aphis Glycines Matsumura

The soybean aphid ( Aphis glycines Matsumura) has become a major pest of soybean in North America since 2000. Seven aphid resistance sources, PI 71506, Dowling, Jackson, PI 567541B, PI 567598B, PI 567543C, and PI 567597C, have been identified. Knowledge of genetic relationships among these sources and their ancestral parents will help breeders develop new cultivars with different resistance genes. The objective of this research was to examine the genetic relationships among these resistance sources. Sixty-one lines were tested with 86 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from 20 linkage groups. Non-hierarchical (VARCLUS) and hierarchical (Ward’s) clustering and multidimensional scaling (MDS) were used to determine relationships among the 61 lines. Two hundred and sixty-two alleles of the 86 SSR loci were detected with a mean polymorphism information content of 0.36. The 61 lines were grouped into 4 clusters by both clustering methods and the MDS results consistently corresponded to the assigned clusters. The 7 resistance sources were clustered into 3 different groups corresponding to their geographical origins and known pedigree information, indicating genetic differences among these sources. The largest variation was found among individuals within different clusters by analysis of molecular variance.

Native and Exotic Grass Competition with Invasive Hoary Cress (Cardaria draba)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Puliafico ◽  
Mark Schwarzländer ◽  
William J. Price ◽  
Bradley L. Harmon ◽  
Hariet L. Hinz
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Biotic Resistance ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Hoary Cress ◽  
Exotic Grass ◽  
Disturbed Habitats ◽  
Schedonorus Phoenix ◽  
Eurasian Species

AbstractThe Eurasian perennial mustard, hoary cress, Cardaria draba (Brassicaceae), is an invasive weed in western North America that can displace native plants and other desirable forage species in pastures and rangelands. This study investigated the competitive ability of 11 grasses representing nine species in the genera Festuca and Poa from either North America (NA) or Europe (EU) against hoary cress. Hoary cress was grown alone and with four different grass densities under controlled conditions with ample water and nutrient supply, typical for riparian and disturbed habitats, in which hoary cress infestations are commonly found. Of the five Festuca grasses tested, only Schedonorus phoenix (= F. arundinacea) decreased hoary cress biomass. Four of the six Poa grasses tested decreased hoary cress biomass and were ranked by decreasing competitive effects as follows: P. annua > P. compressa (EU) > P. pratensis (EU) > P. compressa (NA). The most competitive grass species also experienced higher intraspecific competition. Within both grass genera, Eurasian species were more competitive against hoary cress than their North American congeners, which suggests that hoary cress establishment may be facilitated by lower biotic resistance in the invaded range. Regardless of origin, sod-forming Poa species were competitive at low densities, while Festuca species only had significant effects at high densities if at all. Based on our results we recommend the use of Poa species for restoration of riparian and disturbed sites following the control of hoary cress infestations to restrict recolonization.

scholarly journals Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Insecta: Heteroptera: Aphididae)

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2005 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg S. Nuessly ◽  
Russell T. Nagata
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Schizaphis Graminum ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Small Grains

The greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), has been recognized as a major pest of small grains for over 150 years. Described by Rondani, it was first placed in the genus Aphis (Rondani 1852) and later moved to the genus Toxoptera. There are about 40 recognized Schizaphis species worldwide with seven known from North America (Blackman and Eastop 2000). This document is EENY-353, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Published: July 2005.  EENY-353/IN634: Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae) (ufl.edu)

Evidence of a Founder Effect for the Protein C Gene 3363 Inserted C Mutation in Thrombophilic Pedigrees of French Origin

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1000-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Bovill ◽  
Christine Demers ◽  
Robert Delage ◽  
Bruce Scott ◽  
Julia Valliere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Founder Effect ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Type I ◽  
French Canadian ◽  
Protein C Deficiency ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree

SummaryWe have previously reported that the 3363 inserted (Ins) C mutation in exon 6 of the protein C gene was present in four unrelated French patients and in four French Canadian families with type I protein C deficiency as well as in a large Vermont protein C deficient kindred of French Canadian origin. The present study was designed to investigate the likelihood of the existence of a founder effect for this mutation in protein C deficient individuals of French origin living in France, Québec and Vermont. In order to demonstrate a possible founder effect for the 3363 InsC mutation, we have previously constructed a high-resolution genetic map to locate several highly polymorphic markers close to the protein C locus. Thereafter, the markers D2S347, D2S2339, D2S383, D2S2271 and D2S2215 were genotyped in 117 heterozygotes from France (n = 7), Québec (n = 36) or Vermont (n = 74). The allelic frequency distribution of these five markers was also determined in fifty control French Canadian subjects and thirty-two unaffected members of the Vermont kindred with normal protein C levels and compared with their frequency in our cohort of heterozygotes. Our data suggest that patients from Québec and Vermont carry a common haplotype at the protein C locus. Moreover, in order to study the evolutionary history of the 3363 InsC mutation, we traced back the ascending genealogy of one proband in each of the families with this mutation. These results showed that the 3363 InsC mutation was most probably introduced in North America by a couple of French settlers who established themselves in 1669 on Isle d‘Orleans located near Québec City. All heterozygotes for the 3363 InsC mutation living in North America are related to these founders within 10 generations. Thus, these families afford a unique opportunity to evaluate the role of the protein C system in thrombophilia due to the high degree of linkage disequilibrium at the protein C gene, which in essence holds that variable more constant than in a more heterogeneous population.

Climate and the distribution of C4 grasses along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy SM Wan ◽  
Rowan F Sage
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Exotic Grasses ◽  
The Pacific

In this study, relationships between temperature, precipitation, and the percentage of C4 grasses in local grass floras from the Atlantic and Pacific coastal regions of North America were examined. The proportion of C4 species in a local grass flora increased as latitude decreased on both coasts. At a given latitude, the C4 percentage on the Atlantic coast was higher than the Pacific coast. This difference was related to the Atlantic coast having greater July minimum temperatures than Pacific coast locations of similar latitude. Linear regression analysis showed that the proportion of C4 species in a local flora was positively associated with July minimum temperature on both coasts. The regression line between July minimum temperature and C4 representation was similar for each coast, indicating growth-season temperature has a similar control over C4 presence on the two coasts. Proportionally more of the annual precipitation fell in midsummer on the Atlantic than the Pacific coast, but this difference in the seasonal occurrence of precipitation did not alter the relationship between July minimum temperature and the contribution of C4 grass species to local floras. The Atlantic coast locations with the most precipitation had the highest C4 grass occurrence, indicating aridity alone did not increase the C4 representation in a grass flora. On both coasts, the proportion of NADP-malic enzyme C4 species in local C4 grass floras was positively correlated with mean annual precipitation; however, at equivalent percentages of NADP-malic enzyme subtype occurrence, precipitation levels were substantially lower on the Pacific than Atlantic coast. The trend between latitude and the percentage of C4 species in exotic grass floras was similar to the trend between latitude and the percentage of all C4 grasses in an entire grass flora. Thus, the C4 pathway appears to play no obvious role in enhancing the invasibility of exotic grasses in North America.Key words: bioinvasions, biogeography, C4 photosynthesis, C4 subtype, Poaceae, photosynthesis.

The Biology and Control of the Pea Moth, Laspeyresia nigricana, Steph.

1948 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Wright ◽  
Q. A. Geering
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Developing Seeds ◽  
Far North ◽  
Pea Moth ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
And Control ◽  
Considerable Damage

The Pea Moth, Laspeyresia nigricana, Steph., is one of the principal pests of garden and field peas in Great Britain. Its larvae feed within the pods causing considerable damage to the developing seeds and giving to their contents a veryunsightly appearance. The insect is widely distributed in England and, according to Meyrick (1927), occurs in Scotland as far north as the Clyde. It is most prevalent, however, in the southern part of England, where in the pea growing counties of Lincoln, Essex and Kent it frequently causes severe losses. It is widely distributed in central and southern Europe while in North America it has spread, since its introduction, to all the main pea producing areas and has become a major pest.

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