scholarly journals Collection of some microbial consortia producing hydrogen from anaerobic wastes

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Hanh Thi Kim Pham ◽  
Anh Thi Ngoc To ◽  
Anh Duong Tam Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Cultivation Time ◽  
Fermentative Hydrogen Production ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
Fermentative Hydrogen

The preparation of hydrogen-producing microbial consortia from three anaerobic digested sludges were carried out by four different pretreatment methods (heat – shock, acid, base and aeration treatment) as well as untreatment. The obtained microbial seeds have been estimated for their stability in fermentative hydrogen production by three consecutive batch fermentations under the same conditions of pH 6.5, room temperature and cultivation time and also investigated the H2 fermentation from different concentrations of glucose and xylose. Three microbial seeds have the most effective H2 production at 5 g/l of glucose or xylose after 48 h cultivation time. The sewage sludge pretreated at 80oC for 30 minutes shows the hydrogen yield of 1.27 mol/mol glucose and 0.82 mol/mol xylose. The sludge in the biogas tank pretreated at 60oC for 30 minutes has the hydrogen yield of 1.27 mol/mol glucose and 0.71 mol/mol xylose. The sludge of the Hoa Binh waste treatment plant pretreated at 60oC for 30 minutes presents the hydrogen yield of 1.31 mol/mol glucose and 0.66 mol/mol xylose.

Comparison of Different Pretreatment Methods to Increase Hydrogen Production from Cornstalk

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Varrone ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Guang Li Cao ◽  
Tao Sheng ◽  
Nan Qi Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Alkali Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Condition ◽  
Fermentative Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fermentative Hydrogen

Lignocellulosic biomass can be an ideal feedstock for fermentative hydrogen production if properly pretreated and hydrolyzed. In this research, to enhance hydrogen production from cornstalk, acid and alkali pretreatments were performed. Alkali pretreatment was conducted at 80°C for 60 min and room temperature for 7 days with the addition of 4% NaOH; acid pretreatments at 190°C, and 120°C for 10 min and 120 min, respectively, with the addition of 1.7% H2SO4. All the chemical components change of the substrates was detected. The highest lignin reduction of 75.6%, compared to untreated samples, was found at 80°C with 4% NaOH dosage. Under this pretreatment condition, highest increase in reducing sugar and hydrogen yield (up to 11.8 g/L and 71.8 ml/g-pretreated cornstalk) was obtained. The present results suggested an efficient pretreatment method to increase hydrogen production from lignocellulosic biomass.

Evaluating Risk After a Hazardous Waste Treatment Plant Released Persistent Organic Pollutants: Part 3, Aboriginal Health Risk and Impact

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tee L. Guidotti
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aboriginal Health ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Hazardous Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
Health Canada

On 16 October 1996, a malfunction at the Swan Hills Special Waste Treatment Center (SHSWTC) in Alberta, Canada, released an undetermined quantity of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) into the atmosphere, including polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and furans. The circumstances of exposure are detailed in Part 1, Background and Policy Issues. An ecologically based, staged health risk assessment was conducted in two parts with two levels of government as sponsors. The first, called the Swan Hills Study, is described in Part 2. A subsequent evaluation, described here in Part 3, was undertaken by Health Canada and focused exclusively on Aboriginal residents in three communities living near the lake, downwind, and downstream of the SHSWTC of the area. It was designed to isolate effects on members living a more traditional Aboriginal lifestyle. Aboriginal communities place great cultural emphasis on access to traditional lands and derive both cultural and health benefits from “country foods” such as venison (deer meat) and local fish. The suspicion of contamination of traditional lands and the food supply made risk management exceptionally difficult in this situation. The conclusion of both the Swan Hills and Lesser Slave Lake studies was that although POPs had entered the ecosystem, no effect could be demonstrated on human exposure or health outcome attributable to the incident. However, the value of this case study is in the detail of the process, not the ultimate dimensions of risk. The findings of the Lesser Slave Lake Study have not been published previously and are incomplete.

The Impact of a Chemostat Discharge Containing Oil Degrading Bacteria on the Biological Kinetics of a Refinery Activated Sludge Process

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Wong ◽  
C. D. Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Kinetic Evaluation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
The Impact

The effect of discharging specific oil degrading bacteria from a chemostat to a refinery activated sludge process was determined biokinetically. Plant data for the kinetic evaluation of the waste treatment plant was collected before and during treatment. During treatment, the 500 gallon chemostatic growth chamber was operated on an eight hour hydraulic retention time, at a neutral pH, and was fed a mixture of refinery wastewater and simple sugars. The biokinetic constants k (days−1), Ks (mg/L), and K (L/mg-day) were determined before and after treatment by Monod and Lineweaver-Burk plots. Solids discharged and effluent organic concentrations were also evaluated against the mean cell retention time (MCRT). The maximum utilization rate, k, was found to increase from 0.47 to 0.95 days−1 during the operation of the chemostat. Subsequently, Ks increased from 141 to 556 mg/L. Effluent solids were shown to increase slightly with treatment. However, this was acceptable due to the polishing pond and the benefit of increased ability to accept shock loads of oily wastewater. The reason for the increased suspended solids in the effluent was most likely due to the continual addition of bacteria in exponential growth that were capable of responding to excess substrate. The effect of the chemostatic addition of specific microbial inocula to the refinery waste treatment plant has been to improve the overall organic removal capacity along with subsequent gains in plant stability.

A Centralized Hazardous Waste Treatment Plant: The Facilities of the Zvsmm at Schwabach as an Example

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Amsoneit
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Physical Plant ◽  
Treatment Centre ◽  
Hazardous Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Inorganic Waste

As a rule, hazardous waste needs a pre-treatment, either a thermal or a chemical-physical one, before it can be disposed of at a landfill. The concentration of different kinds of treatment facilities at a Centralized Hazardous Waste Treatment Plant is advantageous. The facility of the ZVSMM at Schwabach is presented as an outstanding example of this kind of Treatment Centre. The infrastructure, the chemical-physical plant with separate lines for the treatment of organic and inorganic waste and the hazardous waste incinerator are described. Their functions are discussed in detail. Emphasis is laid on handling the residues produced by the different treatment processes and the final disposal.

Waste treatment plant and process

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant

Variability of Waste Treatment Plant Performance

1970 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-837
Author(s):  
Robert V. Thomann
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant

Sustainability of a bio-waste treatment plant: Impact evolution resulting from technological improvements

2018 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 1006-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmeralda Neri ◽  
Fabrizio Passarini ◽  
Daniele Cespi ◽  
Federica Zoffoli ◽  
Ivano Vassura
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
Technological Improvements

Serum levels of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans and PCBs in the general population living near an urban waste treatment plant in Biscay, Basque Country

Chemosphere ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Zubero ◽  
J.M. Ibarluzea ◽  
J.J. Aurrekoetxea ◽  
J. Rivera ◽  
J. Parera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document