scholarly journals Light Weight Secure Encryption Scheme for Internet of Things Network

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun G Menon
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Encryption Scheme ◽  
Symmetric Encryption ◽  
Major Area ◽  
Embedded Devices ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Memory Utilization

Security of transmitted information is a major area of concern in Internet of Things (IoT) networks especially with large number of dynamically connected devices. One of the major challenge is to design an efficient encryption and decryption mechanism for securely transmitting the data between the devices in the network. Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) is the most attractive encryption technique among all, with its less memory utilization and ease of implementation in both hardware and software scales. But one of the major issues of TEA and its numerous developed versions is the usage of the same key through all rounds of encryption, which yields a reduced security evident from the avalanche effect of the algorithm. This article discusses the working of a  novel  encryption scheme termed as Tiny Symmetric Encryption Algorithm (NTSA) which provides enhanced security for the transfer of text files through the IoT network by introducing additional key confusions dynamically for each round of encryption. Experiments are carried out to analyze the avalanche effect, encryption and decryption time of NTSA in an IoT network with embedded devices. The proposed scheme is found to have better performance compared to all the existing techniques.

scholarly journals A Secure and Efficient Lightweight Symmetric Encryption Scheme for Transfer of Text Files between Embedded IoT Devices

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreeja Rajesh ◽  
Varghese Paul ◽  
Varun Menon ◽  
Mohammad Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Symmetric Encryption ◽  
Embedded Devices ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Encryption Algorithms ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Recent advancements in wireless technology have created an exponential rise in the number of connected devices leading to the internet of things (IoT) revolution. Large amounts of data are captured, processed and transmitted through the network by these embedded devices. Security of the transmitted data is a major area of concern in IoT networks. Numerous encryption algorithms have been proposed in these years to ensure security of transmitted data through the IoT network. Tiny encryption algorithm (TEA) is the most attractive among all, with its lower memory utilization and ease of implementation on both hardware and software scales. But one of the major issues of TEA and its numerous developed versions is the usage of the same key through all rounds of encryption, which yields a reduced security evident from the avalanche effect of the algorithm. Also, the encryption and decryption time for text is high, leading to lower efficiency in IoT networks with embedded devices. This paper proposes a novel tiny symmetric encryption algorithm (NTSA) which provides enhanced security for the transfer of text files through the IoT network by introducing additional key confusions dynamically for each round of encryption. Experiments are carried out to analyze the avalanche effect, encryption and decryption time of NTSA in an IoT network including embedded devices. The results show that the proposed NTSA algorithm is much more secure and efficient compared to state-of-the-art existing encryption algorithms.

scholarly journals Lightweight Cryptographic Algorithms for Guessing Attack Protection in Complex Internet of Things Applications

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Shayla Islam ◽  
Bishwajeet Pandey ◽  
Yousef A. Baker El-Ebiary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
Encryption Algorithms ◽  
Guessing Attack

As the world keeps advancing, the need for automated interconnected devices has started to gain significance; to cater to the condition, a new concept Internet of Things (IoT) has been introduced that revolves around smart devicesʼ conception. These smart devices using IoT can communicate with each other through a network to attain particular objectives, i.e., automation and intelligent decision making. IoT has enabled the users to divide their household burden with machines as these complex machines look after the environment variables and control their behavior accordingly. As evident, these machines use sensors to collect vital information, which is then the complexity analyzed at a computational node that then smartly controls these devicesʼ operational behaviors. Deep learning-based guessing attack protection algorithms have been enhancing IoT security; however, it still has a critical challenge for the complex industries’ IoT networks. One of the crucial aspects of such systems is the need to have a significant training time for processing a large dataset from the networkʼs previous flow of data. Traditional deep learning approaches include decision trees, logistic regression, and support vector machines. However, it is essential to note that this convenience comes with a price that involves security vulnerabilities as IoT networks are prone to be interfered with by hackers who can access the sensor/communication data and later utilize it for malicious purposes. This paper presents the experimental study of cryptographic algorithms to classify the types of encryption algorithms into the asymmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithm. It presents a deep analysis of AES, DES, 3DES, RSA, and Blowfish based on timing complexity, size, encryption, and decryption performances. It has been assessed in terms of the guessing attack in real-time deep learning complex IoT applications. The assessment has been done using the simulation approach and it has been tested the speed of encryption and decryption of the selected encryption algorithms. For each encryption and decryption, the tests executed the same encryption using the same plaintext for five separate times, and the average time is compared. The key size used for each encryption algorithm is the maximum bytes the cipher can allow. To the comparison, the average time required to compute the algorithm by the three devices is used. For the experimental test, a set of plaintexts is used in the simulation—password-sized text and paragraph-sized text—that achieves target fair results compared to the existing algorithms in real-time deep learning networks for IoT applications.

scholarly journals A Dynamic Light-Weight Symmetric Encryption Algorithm for Secure Data Transmission via BLE Beacons

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Sam Banani ◽  
Surapa Thiemjarus ◽  
Kitti Wongthavarawat ◽  
Nattapong Ounanong
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Data Encryption ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Symmetric Encryption ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Secure Data ◽  
Secure Data Transmission ◽  
Encryption Algorithms

Pervasive sensing with Body Sensor Networks (BSNs) is a promising technology for continuous health monitoring. Since the sensor nodes are resource-limited, on-node processing and advertisement of digested information via BLE beacon is a promising technique that can enable a node gateway to communicate with more sensor nodes and extend the sensor node’s lifetime before requiring recharging. This study proposes a Dynamic Light-weight Symmetric (DLS) encryption algorithm designed and developed to address the challenges in data protection and real-time secure data transmission via message advertisement. The algorithm uses a unique temporal encryption key to encrypt each transmitting packet with a simple function such as XOR. With small additional overhead on computational resources, DLS can significantly enhance security over existing baseline encryption algorithms. To evaluate its performance, the algorithm was utilized on beacon data encryption over advertising channels. The experiments demonstrated the use of the DLS encryption algorithm on top of various light-weight symmetric encryption algorithms (i.e., TEA, XTEA, PRESENT) and a MD5 hash function. The experimental results show that DLS can achieve acceptable results for avalanche effect, key sensitivity, and randomness in ciphertexts with a marginal increase in the resource usage. The proposed DLS encryption algorithm is suitable for implementation at the application layer, is light and energy efficient, reduces/removes the need for secret key exchange between sensor nodes and the server, is applicable to dynamic message size, and also protects against attacks such as known plaintext attack, brute-force attack, replaying attack, and differential attack.

scholarly journals Accounting Data Encryption Processing Based on Data Encryption Standard Algorithm

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Meixi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Data Encryption ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Data Encryption Standard ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Intelligent Decision Making ◽  
Weak Keys ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Key Length

With the application of computer and network technology in the field of accounting, the development of accounting informationization is an inevitable trend, and the construction of accounting statement data into the data warehouse will be the basis of intelligent decision-making. The complexity of industry accounting statements and the arbitrariness and diversity of users’ needs for obtaining information using statements limit the development, popularization, and application of industry accounting statements. As a block encryption algorithm, the Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm uses 64-bit packet data for encryption and decryption. Each eighth bit of the key is used as a parity bit; that is, the actual key length is 56 bits. Encryption and decryption use the same algorithm structure, but the order in which the subkeys are used is reversed. Under the control of the subkey, inputting 64-bit plaintext can produce 64-bit ciphertext output; otherwise, inputting 64-bit ciphertext can produce 64-bit plaintext output. The confidentiality of the DES algorithm depends on the key, and only a very small number of keys are considered weak keys, which can be easily avoided in practical applications. The 3DES algorithm is a cascade of the DES algorithm, and its encryption process is based on the DES algorithm principle. This article explains the encryption process of the DES algorithm and introduces the composition of the 3DES algorithm. The experimental results show that the 3DES encryption algorithm still has a better encryption effect and “avalanche effect” than before the improvement. In addition, for the 3DES algorithm, its encryption efficiency has not been greatly affected. The 3DES encryption algorithm achieves one encryption process at a time to some extent, can effectively resist exhaustive search attacks, and enhance the security of the DES algorithm.

A Note for Order-Preserving Encryption Based on Negative Hypergeometric Distribution

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 2478-2481
Author(s):  
Dong Ping Hu ◽  
Yuan Ping Zhu ◽  
Ai Hua Yin
Keyword(s):  
Security Analysis ◽  
Hypergeometric Distribution ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Encryption Scheme ◽  
Symmetric Encryption ◽  
Sampling Algorithm ◽  
Negative Hypergeometric Distribution ◽  
Proof Procedure

Order-preserving encryption (OPE) scheme is a deterministic symmetric encryption scheme whose encryption algorithm produces ciphertexts that preserves numerical ordering of the plaintexts. The cryptographic study of OPE was initiated by Boldyreva, Chenette, Lee, and ONeill [1]. They proposed an OPE scheme based on a sampling algorithm for the negative hypergeometric distribution (NHGD). In this paper, we present the security analysis of NHGD-based OPE and the proof procedure of efficiency.

scholarly journals Medical Image Encryption: An Application for Improved Padding Based GGH Encryption Algorithm

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massoud Sokouti ◽  
Ali Zakerolhosseini ◽  
Babak Sokouti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Images ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Security Services ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Encryption And Decryption

Medical images are regarded as important and sensitive data in the medical informatics systems. For transferring medical images over an insecure network, developing a secure encryption algorithm is necessary. Among the three main properties of security services (i.e., confidentiality, integrity, and availability), the confidentiality is the most essential feature for exchanging medical images among physicians. The Goldreich Goldwasser Halevi (GGH) algorithm can be a good choice for encrypting medical images as both the algorithm and sensitive data are represented by numeric matrices. Additionally, the GGH algorithm does not increase the size of the image and hence, its complexity will remain as simple as O(n2). However, one of the disadvantages of using the GGH algorithm is the Chosen Cipher Text attack. In our strategy, this shortcoming of GGH algorithm has been taken in to consideration and has been improved by applying the padding (i.e., snail tour XORing), before the GGH encryption process. For evaluating their performances, three measurement criteria are considered including(i)Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR),(ii)Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI), and(iii)Avalanche effect. The results on three different sizes of images showed that padding GGH approach has improved UACI, NPCR, and Avalanche by almost 100%, 35%, and 45%, respectively, in comparison to the standard GGH algorithm. Also, the outcomes will make the padding GGH resist against the cipher text, the chosen cipher text, and the statistical attacks. Furthermore, increasing the avalanche effect of more than 50% is a promising achievement in comparison to the increased complexities of the proposed method in terms of encryption and decryption processes.

scholarly journals Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128 Bit untuk Keamanan Data Internet of Things (IoT) Tanaman Hidroponik

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roiya Ravida ◽  
Heru Agus Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Total Dissolve Solid ◽  
Advanced Encryption Standard ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Error Ratio ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Bit Error Ratio ◽  
Encryption Decryption ◽  
Exchange Data

One method of growing vegetables is to use hydroponics by utilizing water as the medium used. In this era of rapidly developing technology, one of which is Internet of Things (IoT) is a system between computers or objects that can connect and exchange data without requiring interaction, because the data sent is public data, a security system is needed to secure the data sent. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128 bits are used to secure data sent by users or data received by users, using a private key so that data security is maintained. The process of encryption and decryption was carried out through the website using an Arduino Uno microcontroller, SoC version ESP 8266. To adjust the rules for controlling plant needs such as Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), Potential Hydrogen (PH), temperature, and distance, this study uses Sensor2. Database in the research used to facilitate computerized access to assist the process of caring for IoT-based hydroponic plants. The final results have been tested in the encryption decryption process, Avalanche Effect (AE), entropy and Bit Error Ratio (BER). The AE yield 58.01% as highest score, the highest entropy was 6.3566 while all data resulted in BER = 0.

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