Simulation Modeling for the Dynamic Changes of Women of Main Childbearing Age and Number of Births

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-36
Author(s):  
NamHee Choi
F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Hay

Bacterial vaginosis is the most prevalent cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of childbearing age. It can have a major impact on quality of life and psychological wellbeing if frequently recurrent and strongly symptomatic. The use of molecular techniques to study the vaginal microbiome is increasing our understanding of the dynamic changes in flora that occur in health and disease. It might soon be possible to separate Gardnerella into different pathogenic and non-pathogenic species. Many groups are studying compounds that can disrupt the biofilm which is dominated by Gardnerella and Atopobium vaginae. Several studies in the last decade support the concept of bacterial vaginosis as a sexually transmitted infection.


Author(s):  
Manuel Gómez Castellano ◽  
Carmen Carvajal Gutiérrez

Resumen: En Andalucía tiene lugar, como en toda España, un aumento en los nacimientos de 1996 a 2008 y un descenso posterior. Este proceso está relacionado con el retraso en la edad de la maternidad de las mujeres españolas de las generaciones numerosas nacidas durante el baby boom, y con la llegada de mujeres extranjeras con diferencias en la intensidad y la edad de la fecundidad. Para ayudar a conocer la situación y perspectivas de la demanda de servicios sanitarios, en nuestro estudio hemos tratado de conocer si estos procesos de aumento y disminución de los nacimientos, y los cambios sociales relacionados se han dado por igual en los 33 distritos sanitarios de Andalucía. Hemos estudiado los nacimientos del periodo con datos publicados sobre nacionalidad de las madres (2001-2011). Hemos comenzado constatando las diferencias en la fecundidad según nacionalidad a nivel regional y provincial, para terminar comprobando la existencia de grandes disparidades en la edad, la nacionalidad y la fecundidad de las mujeres en los distritos sanitarios andaluces que han influido en el número y la evolución de los nacimientos, pudiendo diferenciar cinco tipos de distritos: 1) Siete distritos con mujeres jóvenes españolas y alta fecundidad retrasada en áreas metropolitanas, 2) Seis distritos con muchas mujeres jóvenes extranjeras y alta fecundidad más o menos precoz según nacionalidad, 3) Nueve distritos envejecidos por emigración secular, con baja fecundidad y donde han llegado muy pocas extranjeras, 4) Siete distritos envejecidos por emigración secular, con baja fecundidad y donde han venido a residir mujeres mayores extranjeras de Europa occidental, 5) Cuatro distritos urbanos envejecidos por salida de jóvenes españolas hacia las áreas metropolitanas, pero mantienen los nacimientos gracias a las mujeres extranjeras jóvenes que han ido a trabajar a la ciudad. Abstract: In Andalusia takes place an increase in the number of births from 1996 to 2008 and a subsequent decline takes place, as throughout Spain. This process is related to the delay in childbearing age in Spanish women of many generations born during the baby boom, and with the arrival of foreign women with differences in the intensity and age of fertility. To help understand the situation and outlook for demand for health services, in our study we sought to determine whether these processes increase and decrease of births, and related social changes have occurred equally in all 33 health districts of Andalusia. We have studied the birth period with published data on nationality of mothers (2001-2011). We have started noting the differences in fertility according to nationality at regional and provincial levels, to finish checking the existence of large disparities in age, nationality and the fertility of women in Andalusian health districts that have influenced the number and evolution of births and can distinguish five types of districts: 1) Seven districts with young Spanish women and delayed high fertility in metropolitan areas, 2) Six districts with a lot of young foreign women and high fertility more or less early by nationality, 3) Nine districts aged for secular emigration, low fertility and where very few foreign have reached 4) Seven districts aged for secular emigration, low fertility with where foreign women from Western Europe 5) Four urban aged districts due to migration of young Spanish to metropolitan areas, that maintain the number of births thank to young foreign women who have come to work in the town.


Author(s):  
T. M. Murad ◽  
Karen Israel ◽  
Jack C. Geer

Adrenal steroids are normally synthesized from acetyl coenzyme A via cholesterol. Cholesterol is also shown to enter the adrenal gland and to be localized in the lipid droplets of the adrenal cortical cells. Both pregnenolone and progesterone act as intermediates in the conversion of cholesterol into steroid hormones. During pregnancy an increased level of plasma cholesterol is known to be associated with an increase of the adrenal corticoid and progesterone. The present study is designed to demonstrate whether the adrenal cortical cells show any dynamic changes during pregnancy.


2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S152-S152
Author(s):  
Mette Møller ◽  
Jesper Frandsen ◽  
Grethe Andersen ◽  
Albert Gjedde ◽  
Peter Vestergaard-Poulsen

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