Abstract
Background: Combination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and biomaterials is a rapidly growing approach in regenerative medicine particularly for chronic degenerative disorders including osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. The present study examined the effect of biomaterial scaffolds on equine adipose derived MSCs morphology, viability, adherence, migration and osteogenic differentiation.Methods: MSCs were cultivated in conjunction with collagen CultiSpher-S Microcarrier (MC), nanocomposite xerogels B30 and combined B30 with strontium (B30Str) biomaterials in osteogenic differentiation medium either under static or mechanical fluid shear stress (FSS) culture conditions. The data were generated by histological means, live cell imaging, cell viability, adherence and migration assays, semi-quantification of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and quantification of the osteogenic markers runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression.Results: The data revealed that combined mechanical FSS with MC but not B30 enhanced MSCs viability and promoted their migration. Combined osteogenic medium with MC, B30 and B30Str increased ALP activity compared to cultivation in basal medium. Osteogenic induction with MC, B30 and B30Str resulted in diffused matrix mineralization. The combined osteogenic induction with biomaterials under mechanical FSS increased Runx2 protein expression either in comparison to those cells cultivated in BM or those cells induced under static culture. Runx2 and ALP expression was upregulated following combined osteogenic differentiation together with B30 and B30Str regardless of static or FSS culture.Conclusions: Taken together, the data revealed that FSS in conjunction with biomaterials promoted osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. This combination may be considered as a marked improvement for clinical applications to cure bone defects.
The Rate of Fluid Shear Stress is a Potent Regulator for Lineage Commitment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Modulating [Ca2+]i, F-actin and Lamin A
