Selective tropical fruit waste component exhibiting adipocyte differentiation inhibition, a future anti-obesity therapeutic strategy

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor subfamily of transcription factors. PPARs are expressed in key target tissues such as liver, fat, and muscle and thus they play a major role in the regulation of energy balance. Because of PPAR-γ's role in energy balance, signals originating from the gut (e.g., GIP), fat (e.g., leptin), muscle (e.g., myostatin), or bone (e.g., GILZ) can in turn modulate PPAR expression and/or function. Of the two PPAR-γisoforms, PPAR-γ2 is the key regulator of adipogenesis and also plays a role in bone development. Activation of this receptor favors adipocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, while inhibition of PPAR-γ2 expression shifts the commitment towards the osteoblastogenic pathway. Clinically, activation of this receptor by antidiabetic agents of the thiazolidinedione class results in lower bone mass and increased fracture rates. We propose that inhibition of PPAR-γ2 expression in mesenchymal stem cells by use of some of the hormones/factors mentioned above may be a useful therapeutic strategy to favor bone formation.

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Chemical prospection and biological potential of tropical fruit waste extracts

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6476 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. e833986476

Author(s):

Leonardo Milani Avelar Rodrigues ◽

Jorge Luiz Peixoto Bispo ◽

Andréa Gomes da Silva ◽

Simone Andrade Gualberto ◽

Luiz Filipe Nonato Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Industrial Sectors ◽

Biological Potential ◽

Fruit Waste ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽

Promising Source

Agro-industries waste from fruits can present a promising source for industrial sectors with the extraction of active principles that have several biological activities. In view of the above, this study aimed to evaluate the biological potential of tropical fruit extracts against antioxidant and amnmicrobial activities. The study evaluated different methods of antioxidant activities (by DPPH and FRAP method), characterization and quantification of phenolic compounds by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), antibacterial and antifungal activities of four tropical fruit waste extract. In the extracts were identified several phenolic compounds, the values found were varied from 0.21 to 5.73 mg/L in gallic acid, observing the predominance of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic and acid p-coumaric. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the agar diffusion method using the microorganism Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella cholerasuis. The antifungal activity was determined by the disc diffusion technique using Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium commune and Penicillium cladosporoides, the extracts showed potential antioxidant activity, antibacterial and antifungal in both tests. The lemon extract showed no inhibition for the fungi.

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Towards a green and sustainable fruit waste valorisation model in Brazil: optimisation of homogenizer-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from mango waste using a response surface methodology

Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.1515/pac-2019-1001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 92 (4) ◽

pp. 617-629 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Vânia G. Zuin ◽

Mateus L. Segatto ◽

Karine Zanotti

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Water Concentration ◽

Solvent Ratio ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Sustainable Technologies ◽

Green Approach ◽

Waste Valorisation ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Fruit Waste ◽

Time And Energy

AbstractFood waste valorisation is currently at the core of discussions and development of future economic models which, allied to the application of green and sustainable technologies, offers a viable alternative to shift industrial practices towards a circular bioeconomy. The feasibility and technological possibilities based on an integrated mango waste biorefinery concept, focusing on the extraction of bioactive compounds, are discussed in this paper. Additionally, a statistically robust methodology is presented as a green approach to optimise the variables of a sustainable, low time and energy consumption extraction technique (homogenizer-assisted extraction). Maximum concentrations of the bioactive compounds were obtained in similar values of parameters ethanol/water concentration (67.73 and 70.11 %), sample/solvent ratio (29.33 and 28.17 %) and time (4.47 and 5.00 min) for mangiferin (354.4 mg/kg DW) and hyperoside (258.7 mg/kg DW), respectively. These results demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed green and sustainable method to obtain bioactive compounds from a very common and significant tropical fruit waste in Brazil, based on an integrated mango biorefinery concept.

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