scholarly journals Production testing of antigenicity and immunogenicity of bivalent inactivated vaccine salmonellosis vaccine

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
O. P. Boiko ◽  
O. M. Sen ◽  
B. M. Kurtiak ◽  
M. S. Romanovych ◽  
T. O. Pundiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Breeding Birds ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Production Testing ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Production Conditions

Scientists of both human and veterinary medicine combine their potential to develop new or improve old instruments in order to rein the problem of foodborne salmonellosis in Ukraine. According to the experience of European poultry industry, the most effective measure for the prevention of avian salmonellosis is total vaccination against salmonellosis of laying hens and breeding birds. In our country, the epizootic situation of salmonellosis of animals and poultry is consistently favorable. At the same moment nearly 90% of foods born Salmonella outbreaks are of poultry and egg products origin. In other words the source of major source of Salmonella agent is avian origin. Currently no vaccines of native origin have been registered in Ukraine. Although there have been numerous attempts to develop a vaccine against avian salmonellosis. The purpose of our work is to evaluate the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the two experimental series of bivalent inactivated emulsified vaccine against avian salmonellosis in production conditions. During the examination of the vaccine in the poultry farm it was found that for 21 days after the re-introduction of the vaccine, the titers of antibodies to the mono-antigens S. Typhimurium, Enteritidis and Gallinarum in the Agglutination Test (AT) and Indirect Hemagglutination Test (IH) were: 1 : 640–1280 to 1 : 2560–5120 respectively. This indicates high antigenicity of the vaccine. No significant difference between the levels of antibodies to Typhimurium and Enteritidis antigens was detected neither in AT nor IH. At the same time the levels of antibodies to mono-antigen Gallinarum were markedly lower in both reactions (1 : 160–1 : 320 – in AT and 1 : 320–1 : 1280 – in IH), but high enough to indicate that the vaccine creates a tense cross-humoral immunity to Salmonella surface antigens of Gallinarum serovar. The results of study of immunogenicity of the vaccine show that the vaccine is highly immunogenic. It means that after control infection of vaccinated hens none of tested Salmonella strains (S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis) were isolated from any organs, whereas in the control non-vaccinated group of birds both Salmonella test-strains were isolated from all organs. The obtained results provide a basis for further phases of the vaccine estimating followed by its registration in the prescribed manner.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pet dogs in Wuhan, Huazhong of China

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Li ◽  
Rongrong Li ◽  
Jiakui Li
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Pet Dogs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Present study was an epidemiological survey for seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in pet dogs (n= 279) in Wuhan, Huazhong area of China, using indirect hemagglutination test (IHA). Overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in this area was 13.3 per cent. The prevalence in males and females was 13.4 and 13.0%, there was no significant difference (P<sup>3</sup>0.05) between the genders. The prevalence of T. gondii infection was 12.7, 14.0, 13.3 and 12.7% in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. There was a significant difference (Ply affect community health in this region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the prevalence of T. gondii infection in pet dogs in Wuhan.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Rose Bengal Plate Agglutination Test, Mallein Test, and Some Conventional Serological Tests for Diagnosis of Equine Glanders

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeera Naureen ◽  
Muhammad Saqib ◽  
Ghulan Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad H. Hussain ◽  
Muhammad N. Asi
Keyword(s):  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Supplementary Test

The Rose Bengal plate agglutination test (RBT) was evaluated for the diagnosis of equine glanders, and its diagnostic efficiency was compared with that of mallein and other serological tests, including indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT), complement fixation test (CFT), and modified counter immunoelectrophoresis test (mCIET). Sera from 70 naturally infected culture-positive, 96 potentially exposed cohorts, and 110 healthy equines were tested. All tests but mCIET showed 100% specificity when testing the sera from glanders-negative equines. The calculated sensitivities of RBT, IHAT, CFT, mCIET, and mallein test when testing culture-positive equines were 90.0, 97.1, 91.4, 81.4, and 75.7%, respectively. The RBT was significantly ( P < 0.05) more sensitive than the mallein test and mCIET. The positive and negative predictive values of each test (RBT, IHAT, CFT, mallein test, and mCIET) were as follows: 100 and 94, 100 and 98.2, 100 and 96.7, 100 and 86.6, and 90.5 and 88.6, respectively. On comparing glandered and nonglandered animals, the highest agreement (0.987) was found between RBT and CFT followed by RBT and IHAT (0.940), RBT and mallein test (0.871), and RBT and mCIET (0.852). Because the RBT is simpler and rapid to perform, the inclusion of the test as a supplementary test for the diagnosis of glanders in field conditions is recommended.

scholarly journals Indirect Hemagglutination Test for Detection of Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in Venezuelan felids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Cañizales
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

Abstract Current knowledge of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Venezuelan ecosystems is limited. T. gondii is a ubiquitous intracellular protozoan parasite. Mammals and birds are intermediate hosts and felid species are definitive hosts. In most human altered habitats, the domestic cat is the predominant definitive host. Cats are important in the epidemiology of T. gondii infection because they are the only hosts that can excrete the environmentally resistant oocysts. Other carnivores can be infected by the consumption of tissue cysts when feeding on infected animals and by incidental ingestion of oocysts from environmental contamination. This study aimed to quantify the values of antibodies for T. gondii in blood serum of some felids species by means of the technique of Indirect Hemoagglutination. In the present study, seropositivity of T. gondii was determined in serum of 35 animals (22 stray cats and 13 wild cats) from Venezuela, South America. Antibodies to T. gondii were assayed by the indirect hemagglutination test and found in 21 of 22 (95.45 %) stray catstiters of 1:64 in four, 1:128 in four, 1:256 in one, 1:512 in one, 1:1024 in three, and 1:2048 or higher in eight. In 4 of 6 (66.67 %) ocelots titers of 1:64 in one, 1:256 in one, 1:1024 in one, and one with titers 1:2048. In 3 of 4 (75.00 %) jaguars titers of 1:512 in one, and two with titers 1:2048. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a statistically significant difference between species (H = 6.983, p = 0.03).

scholarly journals Evaluation of an indirect hemagglutination test for the diagnosis of human leptospirosis

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
C R Sulzer ◽  
J W Glosser ◽  
F Rogers ◽  
W L Jones ◽  
M Frix
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Slide Agglutination ◽  
Human Leptospirosis ◽  
Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Slide Agglutination Test ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Slide Test ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

A presumptive hemagglutination test for the serological diagnosis of leptospirosis in humans is described. The antigen was prepared from a soluble alcohol extract of an andamana strain sorbed to human O-negative erythrocytes and preserved by pyruvic aldehyde fixation. In this study, the overall sensitivity of the hemagglutination test was 92% in contrast to 69% for the presumptive slide agglutination test. The specificity was 95% for the hemagglutination test in comparison with 83% for the slide test.

scholarly journals PNA Predictability at Various Time Scales

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 9090-9114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Younas ◽  
Youmin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Prediction Skill ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Potential Predictability ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Dispersion Component ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Better Than

Abstract In this study, the predictability of the Pacific–North American (PNA) pattern is evaluated on time scales from days to months using state-of-the-art dynamical multiple-model ensembles including the Canadian Historical Forecast Project (HFP2) ensemble, the Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction (DEMETER) ensemble, and the Ensemble-Based Predictions of Climate Changes and their Impacts (ENSEMBLES). Some interesting findings in this study include (i) multiple-model ensemble (MME) skill was better than most of the individual models; (ii) both actual prediction skill and potential predictability increased as the averaging time scale increased from days to months; (iii) there is no significant difference in actual skill between coupled and uncoupled models, in contrast with the potential predictability where coupled models performed better than uncoupled models; (iv) relative entropy (REA) is an effective measure in characterizing the potential predictability of individual prediction, whereas the mutual information (MI) is a reliable indicator of overall prediction skill; and (v) compared with conventional potential predictability measures of the signal-to-noise ratio, the MI-based measures characterized more potential predictability when the ensemble spread varied over initial conditions. Further analysis found that the signal component dominated the dispersion component in REA for PNA potential predictability from days to seasons. Also, the PNA predictability is highly related to the signal of the tropical sea surface temperature (SST), and SST–PNA correlation patterns resemble the typical ENSO structure, suggesting that ENSO is the main source of PNA seasonal predictability. The predictable component analysis (PrCA) of atmospheric variability further confirmed the above conclusion; that is, PNA is one of the most predictable patterns in the climate variability over the Northern Hemisphere, which originates mainly from the ENSO forcing.

Huge retrovesical hydatid cyst with pelvic localization as the primary site: a case report

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 918-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Halefoglu ◽  
A. Yasar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Cystic Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

We present a patient with symptoms of abdominal pain and frequent urination due to a huge mass in the retrovesical region. All imaging modalities revealed a cystic mass containing small daughter cysts located between the urinary bladder and rectum. Its characteristics led us to suspect the presence of a hydatid cyst, and an indirect hemagglutination test for Echinococcus granulosus was found positive. No other involvement of hydatid cystic disease was detected. The primary site for the hydatid disease was therefore regarded as the pelvis, on which only a few cases have been reported previously. The patient started albendazole therapy, but refused operation. Hydatid cyst should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominopelvic masses in endemic regions of the world.

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