Un approccio attuale alla psicoterapia di coppia nell'ottica della psicologia del sé e della teoria dell'intersoggettivitŕ

INTERAZIONI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 78-103
Author(s):  
Carla Leone
Keyword(s):  
Couples Therapy ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Relational Patterns ◽  
Relational Experiences ◽  
Relational Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Dialogue ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Selfobject Needs ◽  
Organizing Principles

- This paper applies central tenets of self psychology and intersubjective systems theory (e.g., Stolorow and Atwood, 1992) to couples therapy. The concepts of selfobject needs, unconscious organizing principles, and implicit relational knowledge are used to understand and conceptualize common couples' difficulties. A treatment approach is outlined, focused on improving partners' abilities to function as a reliable source of selfobject experience for each other. Major components include listening from within each partner's subjective perspective, attuned responsiveness to each partner's selfobject needs, close attention to narcissistic vulnerability, and the establishment of a joint therapeutic dialogue through which each partner's selfobject needs, organizing principles and implicit relational patterns can be illuminated and gradually transformed. The functions of defensiveness, resistance and aggression are discussed from this perspective, along with suggested responses to help reduce them. Overall, change is thought to occur through both partners' increased understanding of each other and their relationship, and through the facilitation of new relational experiences (between each partner and the couples therapist, and eventually between the partners) which eventually lead to new implicit relational knowledge for both partners. A case example is used throughout the paper to illustrate key points.

scholarly journals Neural state space alignment for magnitude generalisation in humans and recurrent networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Sheahan ◽  
Fabrice Luyckx ◽  
Stephanie Nelli ◽  
Clemens Teupe ◽  
Christopher Summerfield
Keyword(s):  
Model Systems ◽  
Recurrent Networks ◽  
Comparison Task ◽  
State Spaces ◽  
Magnitude Comparison ◽  
Relational Patterns ◽  
Relational Knowledge ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Brain Signals ◽  
Relational Concepts

AbstractA prerequisite for intelligent behaviour is to understand how stimuli are related and to generalise this knowledge across contexts. Generalisation can be challenging when relational patterns are shared across contexts but exist on different physical scales. Here, we studied neural representations in humans and recurrent neural networks performing a magnitude comparison task, for which it was advantageous to generalise concepts of “more” or “less” between contexts. Using multivariate analysis of human brain signals and of neural network hidden unit activity, we observed that both systems developed parallel neural “number lines” for each context. In both model systems, these number state spaces were aligned in a way that explicitly facilitated generalisation of relational concepts (more and less). These findings suggest a previously overlooked role for neural normalisation in supporting transfer of a simple form of abstract relational knowledge (magnitude) in humans and machine learning systems.

A methodological approach to couples therapy using a conjoint relational drawing process for the description of and intervention with relational patterns and meaning‐attributions

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-598
Author(s):  
María Elisa Molina ◽  
Luis Tapia‐Villanueva ◽  
Pablo Fossa ◽  
Ximena Pereira ◽  
Carolina Aspillaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Couples Therapy ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Relational Patterns

scholarly journals Engineering of a borneol dehydrogenase from P. putida for the enzymatic resolution of camphor

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 3159-3167
Author(s):  
Michael Hofer ◽  
Julia Diener ◽  
Benjamin Begander ◽  
Robert Kourist ◽  
Volker Sieber
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Resolution ◽  
Enzyme Engineering ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Alpha Pinene ◽  
Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Ancient Times

Abstract Several thousand different terpenoid structures are known so far, and many of them are interesting for applications as pharmaceuticals, flavors, fragrances, biofuels, insecticides, or fine chemical intermediates. One prominent example is camphor, which has been utilized since ancient times in medical applications. Especially (−)-camphor is gaining more and more interest for pharmaceutical applications. Hence, a commercial reliable source is needed. The natural sources for (−)-camphor are limited, and the oxidation of precious (−)-borneol would be too costly. Hence, synthesis of (−)-camphor from renewable alpha-pinene would be an inexpensive alternative. As the currently used route for the conversion of alpha-pinene to camphor produces a mixture of both enantiomers, preferably catalytic methods for the separation of this racemate are demanded to yield enantiopure camphor. Enzymatic kinetic resolution is a sustainable way to solve this challenge but requires suitable enzymes. In this study, the first borneol dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 17453, capable of catalyzing the stereoselective reduction of camphor, was examined. By using a targeted enzyme engineering approach, enantioselective enzyme variants were created with E-values > 100. The best variant was used for the enzymatic kinetic resolution of camphor racemate, yielding 79% of (−)-camphor with an ee of > 99%. Key points • Characterization of a novel borneol dehydrogenase (BDH) from P. putida. • Development of enantioselective BDH variants for the reduction of camphor. • Enzymatic kinetic resolution of camphor with borneol dehydrogenase. Graphical abstract

Productivity of Emerging Word Combinations in Toddlers With Specific Expressive Language Impairment

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Long ◽  
Lesley B. Olswang ◽  
Julianne Brian ◽  
Philip S. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Semantic Consistency ◽  
Session Analysis

This study investigated whether young children with specific expressive language impairment (SELI) learn to combine words according to general positional rules or specific, grammatic relation rules. The language of 20 children with SELI (4 females, 16 males, mean age of 33 months, mean MLU of 1.34) was sampled weekly for 9 weeks. Sixteen of these children also received treatment for two-word combinations (agent+action or possessor+possession). Two different metrics were used to determine the productivity of combinatorial utterances. One metric assessed productivity based on positional consistency alone; another assessed productivity based on positional and semantic consistency. Data were analyzed session-by-session as well as cumulatively. The results suggest that these children learned to combine words according to grammatic relation rules. Results of the session-by-session analysis were less informative than those of the cumulative analysis. For children with SELI ready to make the transition to multiword utterances, these findings support a cumulative method of data collection and a treatment approach that targets specific grammatic relation rules rather than general word combinations.

Autism and Neurodiversity: Addressing Concerns and Offering Implications for the School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Laura S. DeThorne ◽  
Kelly Searsmith
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Individualized Education Program ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Individualized Education ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Eligibility Determination ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
School Based ◽  
Key Points ◽  
C Center

Purpose The purpose of this article is to address some common concerns associated with the neurodiversity paradigm and to offer related implications for service provision to school-age autistic students. In particular, we highlight the need to (a) view first-person autistic perspectives as an integral component of evidence-based practice, (b) use the individualized education plan as a means to actively address environmental contributions to communicative competence, and (c) center intervention around respect for autistic sociality and self-expression. We support these points with cross-disciplinary scholarship and writings from autistic individuals. Conclusions We recognize that school-based speech-language pathologists are bound by institutional constraints, such as eligibility determination and Individualized Education Program processes that are not inherently consistent with the neurodiversity paradigm. Consequently, we offer examples for implementing the neurodiversity paradigm while working within these existing structures. In sum, this article addresses key points of tension related to the neurodiversity paradigm in a way that we hope will directly translate into improved service provision for autistic students. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13345727

Constructing and Deconstructing Concepts

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 249-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Doan ◽  
Ronaldo Vigo
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Unsupervised Classification ◽  
Family Resemblance ◽  
Category Membership ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Relational Patterns ◽  
Optimal Classification

Abstract. Several empirical investigations have explored whether observers prefer to sort sets of multidimensional stimuli into groups by employing one-dimensional or family-resemblance strategies. Although one-dimensional sorting strategies have been the prevalent finding for these unsupervised classification paradigms, several researchers have provided evidence that the choice of strategy may depend on the particular demands of the task. To account for this disparity, we propose that observers extract relational patterns from stimulus sets that facilitate the development of optimal classification strategies for relegating category membership. We conducted a novel constrained categorization experiment to empirically test this hypothesis by instructing participants to either add or remove objects from presented categorical stimuli. We employed generalized representational information theory (GRIT; Vigo, 2011b , 2013a , 2014 ) and its associated formal models to predict and explain how human beings chose to modify these categorical stimuli. Additionally, we compared model performance to predictions made by a leading prototypicality measure in the literature.

Review of Couples Therapy: A Nontraditional Approach.

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 481-482
Author(s):  
L. J. Borstelmann
Keyword(s):  
Couples Therapy ◽  
Nontraditional Approach
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document