scholarly journals Evaluation Of Mechanical, Irradiation And Chemical Pretreatment Lignocelulosic Substrate For Enhanced Methane Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeid Amin
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Energy Reserve ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Lignocellulosic Substrate ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Processes

Lignocellulosic substrate is a resource that contains a locked energy reserve that is normally lost during anaerobic digestion. Lignocellulosic substrate is one of the most abundant sources of organic matter available and yet its energy recovery has much room for improvement. Lignocellulosic substrate has cellular properties that are deemed extremely difficult to degrade due to complexity which is why this energy reserve is never unlocked during anaerobic digestion. There are several successful pretreatment methods that are used to degrade this lignocellulosic substrate and unlock this energy reserve. This paper will focus on the methods that include mechanical, irradiation, chemical and combined pretreatment processes. Analysis is conducted on all the studies that are obtained to compare the successes of the different types of pretreatment processes used. Each of the different listed pretreatment processes have different energy requirements, treatment times, and solvent requirement and are acting to enhancing methane production. The improvement in methane production varies from process to process and study to study creating a need to compile all of this valuable data into this research report. This will help future researchers in navigating the available studies of pretreatment of lignocellulosic substrate for improving methane production.

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Mechanical, Irradiation And Chemical Pretreatment Lignocelulosic Substrate For Enhanced Methane Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeid Amin
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Energy Reserve ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Lignocellulosic Substrate ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Processes

Lignocellulosic substrate is a resource that contains a locked energy reserve that is normally lost during anaerobic digestion. Lignocellulosic substrate is one of the most abundant sources of organic matter available and yet its energy recovery has much room for improvement. Lignocellulosic substrate has cellular properties that are deemed extremely difficult to degrade due to complexity which is why this energy reserve is never unlocked during anaerobic digestion. There are several successful pretreatment methods that are used to degrade this lignocellulosic substrate and unlock this energy reserve. This paper will focus on the methods that include mechanical, irradiation, chemical and combined pretreatment processes. Analysis is conducted on all the studies that are obtained to compare the successes of the different types of pretreatment processes used. Each of the different listed pretreatment processes have different energy requirements, treatment times, and solvent requirement and are acting to enhancing methane production. The improvement in methane production varies from process to process and study to study creating a need to compile all of this valuable data into this research report. This will help future researchers in navigating the available studies of pretreatment of lignocellulosic substrate for improving methane production.

scholarly journals Efficiency of integrated electrooxidation and anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Barrios ◽  
A. Cano ◽  
F. F. Rivera ◽  
M. E. Cisneros ◽  
U. Durán
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Bdd Electrode ◽  
Vs Removal ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Background Most of the organic content of waste activated sludge (WAS) comprises microbial cells hard to degrade, which must be pre-treated for energy recovery by anaerobic digestion (AD). Electrooxidation pre-treatment (EOP) with boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode have been considered a promising novel technology that increase hydrolysis rate, by the disintegrating cell walls from WAS. Although electrochemical oxidation could efficiently solubilize organic substances of macromolecules, limited reports are available on EOP of WAS for improving AD. In this endeavour, the mathematical optimization study and the energy analysis of the effects of initial total solids concentrations [TS] of WAS and current density (CD) during EOP on the methane production and removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile solids (VS) were investigated. Because limited reports are available on EOP of WAS for improving biogas production, it is not well understood; however, it has started to attract interest of scientists and engineers. Results In the present work, the energy recovery as biogas and WAS conversion were comprehensively affected by CD and [TS], in an integrated EOP and AD system. When working with WAS at 3% of [TS] pre-treated at current density of 24.1 mA/cm2, the highest COD and VS removal were achieved, making it possible to obtain the maximum methane (CH4) production of 305 N-L/kg VS and a positive energy balance of 1.67 kWh/kg VS. Therefore, the current densities used in BDD electrode are adequate to produce the strong oxidant (hydroxyl radical, ·OH) on the electrode surface, allow the oxidation of organic compounds that favours the solubilization of particulate matter and VS from WAS. Conclusions The improvement of VS removal and COD solubilization were due to the effects of pre-treatments, which help to break down the microbial cells for faster subsequent degradation; this allows a decomposition reaction that leads to biodegrade more compounds during AD. The balance was positive, suggesting that even without any optimization the energy used as electricity could be recovered from the increased methane production. It is worth noting that this kind of analysis have not been sufficiently studied so far. It is therefore important to understand how operational parameters can influence the pre-treatment and AD performances. The current study highlights that the mathematical optimization and energy analysis can make the whole process more convenient and feasible.

Breakthrough in hydrolysis of waste biomass by physico-chemical pretreatment processes for efficient anaerobic digestion

Chemosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 133617
Author(s):  
Preethi ◽  
Rajesh Banu J ◽  
Sunita Varjani ◽  
Sivashanmugam P ◽  
Vinay Kumar Tyagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Pretreatment Processes

scholarly journals Effects of Ultrasonic and Microwave Pretreatment on Lipid Extraction of Microalgae and Methane Production from the Residual Extracted Biomass

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rokicka ◽  
Marcin Zieliński ◽  
Magda Dudek ◽  
Marcin Dębowski
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Botryococcus Braunii ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Microwave Pretreatment

Abstract The extraction of lipids from microalgae cells of Botryococcus braunii and Chlorella vulgaris after ultrasonic and microwave pretreatment was evaluated. Cell disruption increased the lipid extraction efficiency, and microwave pretreatment was more effective compared with ultrasonic pretreatment. The maximum lipid yield from B. braunii was 56.42% using microwave radiation and 39.61% for ultrasonication, while from C. vulgaris, it was respectively 41.31% and 35.28%. The fatty acid composition in the lipid extracts was also analyzed. The methane yield from the residual extracted biomass pretreated by microwaves ranged from 148 to 185 NmL CH4/g VS for C. vulgaris and from 128 to 142 NmL CH4/g VS for B. braunii. In the case of ultrasonic pretreatment, the methane production was between 168 and 208 NmL CH4/g VS for C. vulgaris, while for B. braunii ranging from 150 to 174 NmL CH4/g VS. Anaerobic digestion showed that lipid-extracted biomass presented lower methane yield than non-lipid-extracted feedstock, and higher amount of lipid obtained in the extraction contributed less methane production. Anyway, anaerobic digestion of the residual extracted biomass can be a suitable method to increase economic viability of energy recovery from microalgae.

Contribution of H2 during the Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion

2014 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Fang Yin ◽  
Wu Di Zhang ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Technological Support

In the process of anaerobic digestion for methane production, one-third of which is from hydrogen, another two-thirds from acetic acid. From the point of material and energy recovery, the energy conversion efficiency of alone hydrogen or methane production is less than co-generation of hydrogen and methane production. Because hydrogen production is also accompanied by acidification and syntrophic acetogenic fermentation process, it is technically feasible for alone hydrogen or methane production. As the two-phase anaerobic digestion separate the acidifying bacteria and methanogens in different reactors, blocking the synergy of the two different microbial community, we should provide scientific and technological support for two-phase anaerobic application.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of single-stage and two-stage anaerobic digestion for biogas production from high moisture municipal solid waste

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9693
Author(s):  
Wattananarong Markphan ◽  
Chonticha Mamimin ◽  
Wantanasak Suksong ◽  
Poonsuk Prasertsan ◽  
Sompong O-Thong
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Ph Adjustment

Background Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a suitable process for treating high moisture MSW with biogas and biofertilizer production. However, the low stability of AD performance and low methane production results from high moisture MSW due to the fast acidify of carbohydrate fermentation. The effects of organic loading and incineration fly ash addition as a pH adjustment on methane production from high moisture MSW in the single-stage AD and two-stage AD processes were investigated. Results Suitable initial organic loading of the single-stage AD process was 17 gVS L−1 at incineration fly ash (IFA) addition of 0.5% with methane yield of 287 mL CH4 g−1 VS. Suitable initial organic loading of the two-stage AD process was 43 gVS L−1 at IFA addition of 1% with hydrogen and methane yield of 47.4 ml H2 g−1 VS and 363 mL CH4 g−1 VS, respectively. The highest hydrogen and methane production of 8.7 m3 H2 ton−1 of high moisture MSW and 66.6 m3 CH4 ton−1 of high moisture MSW was achieved at organic loading of 43 gVS L−1 at IFA addition of 1% by two-stage AD process. Biogas production by the two-stage AD process enabled 18.5% higher energy recovery than single-stage AD. The 1% addition of IFA into high moisture MSW was useful for controlling pH of the two-stage AD process with enhanced biogas production between 87–92% when compared to without IFA addition. Electricity production and energy recovery from MSW using the coupled incineration with biogas production by two-stage AD process were 9,874 MJ ton−1 MSW and 89%, respectively. Conclusions The two-stage AD process with IFA addition for pH adjustment could improve biogas production from high moisture MSW, as well as reduce lag phase and enhance biodegradability efficiency. The coupled incineration process with biogas production using the two-stage AD process was suitable for the management of MSW with low area requirement, low greenhouse gas emissions, and high energy recovery.

Effect of CaCO3 Pretreatment on Methane Production from Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 208-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Lin Dai ◽  
An Feng Zhu ◽  
Fei Hu Mu ◽  
Ning Xu ◽  
Zhen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Effects ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions ◽  
Anaerobic Production ◽  
Peak Value

The chemical pretreatment of rice straw was achieved via the liquid-state dissolution of CaCO3. Pretreatment effects on the biodegradability and subsequent anaerobic production of methane were investigated. The results showed that the peak value of biogas production was attained of 4% CaCO3 pretreatment on the 20th day, which is 1 589 mL. The test daily methane content of different pretreatment conditions mainly ranges from 3.4% to 47.4%. The cumulative biogas production of 6% CaCO3 pretreatment was the highest, about 19 917 mL.

A critical review of experimental and predicted methane generation from anaerobic codigestion

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bond ◽  
C. J. Brouckaert ◽  
K. M. Foxon ◽  
C. A. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Predictive Methods ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anaerobic Codigestion ◽  
Sludge Waste

Anaerobic digestion is increasingly being considered as a treatment option for an extensive range of waste biomass, due to the potential for energy recovery, in the form of methane production, and lower sludge volumes relative to aerobic treatment processes. Furthermore, when two substrates are codigested (i.e. digested together), added benefits are foreseeable, such as increased methane production and detoxification of toxic compounds via cometabolic degradation pathways. The objectives of this study were to compare experimental and predicted methane production from codigestion literature studies in order to objectively evaluate digester performance. Two predictive methods were used, both assuming methane yields are additive: literature values for digestion of single substrates and a stoichiometric method using model substrates to represent different substrates. Waste sources included in the analysis were primary sewage sludge, waste activated sludge, cow manure, waste paper, grease trap sludge, fat oil and grease and algal sludge. It was found that methane production could approximately be predicted using both methods, with literature methane yields from the same study being the most accurate predictor. One important finding from this study was that the assumption that methane yields are additive is a reasonable one. Furthermore, both predictive methods may be usefully employed as a screening tool to compare methane yields between different types and blends of substrates.

scholarly journals Determination of Nitrogen and Sulphur Mineralization in Batch and Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Digestion Using an Artificial Fiber Bag Technique

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4205
Author(s):  
Jacob Rosholm Mortensen ◽  
Alastair James Ward ◽  
Martin Riis Weisbjerg ◽  
Sasha Daniel Hafner ◽  
Henrik Bjarne Møller
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Sulphur Mineralization ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions ◽  
Semi Solid

In the biogas industry, feedstock plans are used to estimate methane production and nutrient content in the digestate, however, these predictions do not consider the mineralized nitrogen fraction of the feedstock, which is useful when determining the quality of the digestate. In this study, the artificial fiber bag technique, which is commonly used to study feedstock degradation in ruminants, was implemented in anaerobic digestion to quantify mineralization of N and S. The artificial fiber bags were used to enclose substrates but with access to inoculum because of small pores in the bags, thereby enabling digestion. The content of the bags was analyzed before and after digestion to quantify residual mass as well as N and S concentration in the substrate. The method was validated through batch anaerobic digestion of a single substrate with and without bags, where the bags showed little influence on methane production and degradation. Semi-continuous anaerobic digestion experiments showed higher substrate degradation and higher N and S release at thermophilic conditions using four different types of feedstocks and proved useful for solid feedstocks but less so for semi-solid feedstock. For N, most of the mineralization occurred during the first 15 days over a trial of 30 days.

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