scholarly journals Development of in vitro Slow Growth Culture for Yarn (Dioscoreo alata L.)

2012 ◽  
pp. 79-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Villaluz Acedo ◽  
Catherine Arradaza
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
In Vitro Conservation ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Germplasm Collections

Germplasm collections, the lifeblood of breeding programs, are traditionally maintained in the field. Field genebanks are expensive, subject to genetic erosion, and require several quarantine measures for safe movement of genetic materials. These problems are more serious in long-duration, non-flowering and vegetatively propagated crops like yarn. This study aimed to develop a tissue culture technique for in vitro conservation of yarn germplasm. ’VU-2’ and ‘Kinampay’ varieties were used in establishing the in vitro conservation technique which was then tested to other genotypes. With the tissue culture protocol for yarn propagation developed earlier, the plantlets became overgrown after 2-3 months, requiring frequent subculturing and increasing the cost of maintenance and the risk of microbial contamination. Slow growth culture was tested using MS medium added with 0-10 mg/L abscisic acid (ABA) or 0-7% mannitol or sorbitol. Expectedly, plantlet growth slowed down. However, ABA at higher levels increased mortality of cultures while sorbitol was less effective than mannitol in retarding growth. Mannitol at 4% was found to be the best slow growth medium to maintain the plantlets for 13 months, thereby saving at least 4 times the maintenance cost using the normal growth medium. Tissue viability, morphological stability and tuber yield were not affected. Other genotypes (VU-1, VU-3, VU-4, VU-5, PR5, PR7, PR10 and PR11) responded similarly to the slow growth culture condition.

scholarly journals In Vitro Conservation of Wild Pear (Pyrus syrica) in Jordan

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 549C-549
Author(s):  
Rida A. Shibli ◽  
M. Ajlouni ◽  
A. Jaradat ◽  
M. Shatnawi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
In Vitro Conservation ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Highly Effective

Some factors that affect the in vitro conservation of wild pear (Pyrus syrica) microshoot cultures were studied. Sorbitol and mannitol at 0.2 to 4.0 M reduced growth significantly and extended the subculture intervals to 5 months when cultures where kept at 15°C. Increasing sucrose to 12% in the medium was not highly effective and the subculture intervals did not exceed 3.0 months. After 2 years of maintaining cultures on slow-growth medium, cultures grew slowly when transferred to fresh control medium. Shoots started to proliferate after three subcultures (6.0 weeks apart) on medium containing 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA. New microshoots were rooted on medium containing 2.0 mg/L IBA and rooted microshoots gave 90% survival when acclimatized ex vitro under intermittent mist.

scholarly journals Cryopreservation of Woody Crops: The Avocado Case

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Chris O’Brien ◽  
Jayeni Hiti-Bandaralage ◽  
Raquel Folgado ◽  
Alice Hayward ◽  
Sean Lahmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Recalcitrant Seed ◽  
In Vitro Storage ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Seed Crops

Recent development and implementation of crop cryopreservation protocols has increased the capacity to maintain recalcitrant seeded germplasm collections via cryopreserved in vitro material. To preserve the greatest possible plant genetic resources globally for future food security and breeding programs, it is essential to integrate in situ and ex situ conservation methods into a cohesive conservation plan. In vitro storage using tissue culture and cryopreservation techniques offers promising complementary tools that can be used to promote this approach. These techniques can be employed for crops difficult or impossible to maintain in seed banks for long-term conservation. This includes woody perennial plants, recalcitrant seed crops or crops with no seeds at all and vegetatively or clonally propagated crops where seeds are not true-to-type. Many of the world’s most important crops for food, nutrition and livelihoods, are vegetatively propagated or have recalcitrant seeds. This review will look at ex situ conservation, namely field repositories and in vitro storage for some of these economically important crops, focusing on conservation strategies for avocado. To date, cultivar-specific multiplication protocols have been established for maintaining multiple avocado cultivars in tissue culture. Cryopreservation of avocado somatic embryos and somatic embryogenesis have been successful. In addition, a shoot-tip cryopreservation protocol has been developed for cryo-storage and regeneration of true-to-type clonal avocado plants.

scholarly journals The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Amygdalus communis

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Naimeh SHARIFMOGHADAM ◽  
Abbas SAFARNEJAD ◽  
Sayed Mohammad TABATABAEI
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Amygdalus Communis

The Almond (Amygdalus communis) is one of the most important and oldest commercial nut crops, belonging to the Rosaceae family. Almond has been used as base material in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, hygienically and food industry. Propagation by tissue culture technique is the most important one in woody plants. In the current research, in vitro optimization of tissue culture and mass production of almond was investigated. In this idea, explants of actively growing shoots were collected and sterilized, then transferred to MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. The experiment was done in completely randomized blocks design, with 7 treatment and 30 replications. After 4 weeks, calli induction, proliferation, shoot length and number of shoot per explants were measured. Results showed that the best medium for shoot initiation and proliferation was MS + 0.5 mg/l IAA (Indol-3-Acetic Acid) + 1 mg/l BA (Benzyl Adenine). Autumn was the best season for collecting explants. The shoots were transferred to root induction medium with different concentrations of plant growth regulators. The best root induction medium was MS + 0.5 mg/l IBA (Indol Butyric Acid).

scholarly journals Production high class of micro tuber potato seeds (Solanum tuberosum L.). by Using tissue culture technique

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
A.A. Al-jibouri ◽  
A.A. Al-salhay
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Condition Numbers ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
High Class ◽  
Dormancy Period ◽  
Elisa Technique

The aim of this investigation was produced micro tubers of four potato cultivars Premiere, Bintje, Estima and Escort in vitro. Apical meristems (0.2-0.4 mm) of potato cultivars were excised and cultured on nutrient medium and incubated at 24±2 Cº and 1000 lux light intensity for 16 hrs per day. The developing plantlets were examined serological by using ELISA technique to eliminate the viral infected plantlets. The virus-free plantlets were chopped into pieces with single bud and re cultured on fresh medium for mass propagation. For micro tubers formation in test tubes, the cultures were transferred to another medium containing a high percent of sucrose (60g/L) with different concentrations of kinetin; the cultures were incubated under 16±2 Cº and 8 hrs photoperiod. The plantlets formed micro tubers after 8-10 weeks from culturing. The results showed significant differences among cultivar’s in their response to in vitro culture and micro tubers formation. The results also showed that the kinetin concentration had significant effect on micro tubers, and 1mg/l kinetin concentration was the best. The micro tubers were stored for 10 week at 4Cº to break down the dormancy period, and gave 100% germination under nursery condition. Numbers of tubers derived from micro tubers and normal tubers of these cultivars were compared at the end of season.

scholarly journals Mass Propagation of Nauclea diderrichii (de Willd. & Th. Dur) Merr. Seedlings through Tissue Culture Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
RI Oyediran ◽  
JO Afolabi ◽  
DB Olomola ◽  
FO Akanni
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Nauclea Diderrichii

Nauclea diderrichii is a tree species of economic importance. However, its plantation establishment is limited by inadequate seedling production. Hence, there is ample scope of tissue culture for its mass propagation. Its in vitro plantlets development as affected by media strengths indicated that 100 % seed germination was obtained in full MS basal medium while the least (3.35 %) was from quarter-strength at 8 Weeks after inoculation (WAI). The effects of BAP and NAA assessed on the growth of its sub-cultured plantlets showed that highest number of leaves (17) and adventitious shoots (3) were obtained from MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l BAP only. Whereas, highest shoot length (3.61 cm) and average number of roots (5/plantlet) were obtained from the same medium without hormone(s) at 8 WAI. Further sub-culturing into MS with 0.05 mg/l NAA resulted into plantlets having optimum shoot and massive root growth ready for acclimatization in 6 WAI. The plantlets were successfully acclimatized using coconuthusk/ topsoil mixture with 90 % survival. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 31(1): 51-60, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals Influence of Indole acetic acid and Tryptophan on production of Vinblastine and Vincristine of Catharanthus roseous callus cells in the accumulation media of In Vitro tissue culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Technique

This study on the plant of Ain –AL Bason Catharanthus roseous showed the ability of callus cells that is produced by In Vitro culture technique and transformed to the accumulated media (MS 40gm/L sucrose ,2gm/L IAA Indole acetic acid , 0.5gm/L Tryptophan) to produce Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds. Extraction, purification and quantitive determination of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds using High performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC)were carried out. The results showed that the highest concentration of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds were ( 4.653,12.5 (ppm /0.5 dry Wight respectively from transformed callus cells from MS 40 gm /L sucrose , 2 gm / L NAA Naphthaline acetic acid .

Slow growth in vitro conservation of coffee (Coffea spp.)

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bertrand-Desbrunais ◽  
Michel Noirot ◽  
Andr� Charrier
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
In Vitro Conservation

Slow-growth in vitro conservation of potato germplasm at normal propagation temperature

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gopal ◽  
Anjali Chamail ◽  
Debabrata Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
In Vitro Conservation ◽  
Potato Germplasm ◽  
Normal Propagation

scholarly journals Plantlets Regeneration from Crown Bud Slicing of Pineapple (Ananas comosus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkarnain Zulkarnain ◽  
Neliyati Neliyati ◽  
Eliyanti Eliyanti
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Pineapple propagation by lateral shoots, suckers or crowns is often confronted with limited number of regenerated seedlings and high diversity in flowering and fruit formation. In order to solve this problem, this study offer an alternative method by using tissue culture techniques. This study aimed to determine the effect of growth regulators on plantlet regeneration from bud slicing of pineapple cv. Tangkit. Four levels of 2.4-D (0.0, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 ppm) in combination with BA (0.0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 ppm) were tested on solid MS medium. Cultures were incubated in total darkness for a week followed by transfer to 16-hour photoperiod. Results showed that explants treated with 2,4-D and/or BA succeeded in regenerating adventitious shoots. Average leaf number did not differ significantly among treatments (P = 0.60). Highest leaf number (2.99 ± 0.23) was obtained on medium with 0.01 ppm 2,4-D without BA, followed by 0.1 ppm 2,4-D without BA (2.85 ± 0.33). Meanwhile, roots were only formed on medium with 0.1 ppm 2.4-D without BA (4.2 ± 0.37 per shoot). Thus, complete plantlets were regenerated only on medium supplemented with 0.1 ppm 2,4-D without BA. The growth of plantlets was relatively uniform, and plantlet acclimatization succeeded 100% on Jiffy pots. The finding of optimum concentration of 2.4-D and BA in this study is important to develop standard protocol for in vitro propagation of pineapple cv. Tangkit. Thus, the benefit of producing seeds in large quantities and relatively uniform in growth is made possible through tissue culture technique.

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