scholarly journals A Review of Aquilaria malaccensis Propagation and Production of the Secondary Metabolite from Callus

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Suklang Kharnaior ◽  
◽  
Shiny Chakkiath Thomas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis ◽  
The Family

Aquilaria is an evergreen non-timber agarwood obtained from the 15 species of Aquilaria belonging to the family Thymelecea. There are two species endemic to Northeast India, A. malaccensis and A. khasiana. A. malaccensis generate a high-grade degree of resin as compared to the other Aquilaria species, and it contributes to the economy of the Northeast states of India and the country as a whole. Due to its profoundly valuable sources, it is overexploited, which impacted its availability in genetic environments. The cultivation of the tree is challenging due to some environmental factors like the sensitivity of the seeds to desiccation, high light intensity, low shelf life, slow growth rate, and the effect of insects and microorganisms. Therefore, conservation and proliferation are urgently required for environmental sustainability and prevention from the stage of extinction. The objective of this paper is to compile the major research works on the conservation, production of the secondary metabolite from callus of A. malaccensis and updated information on its developments and approaches that are rapidly taking place in recent years so that further novel research can be envisaged.

Provenances and families show different patterns of relationship between bud set and frost hardiness in Picea abies

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1858-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Johnsen ◽  
Tore Skrøppa
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Frost Hardiness ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Bud Set ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
The Relationship

We have compared bud set and frost hardiness among Norway spruce (Piceas abies (L.) Karst.) provenances and families in two cold-acclimation regimes in a phytotron; low light intensity and high night temperatures (LL-HNT), and high light intensity and low night temperatures (HL-LNT) under shortening day lengths. Nine provenances from 59-66°N and altitude 100-700 m within Norway, and nine open-pollinated families from a single stand (61°N, 270 m elevation) were used. Both provenances and families started bud set and frost hardening earlier in LL-HNT than in HL-LNT. Correlations between the same trait expressed in two regimes were high for both bud set and hardiness at the provenance level and slightly lower at the family level. The variation among family means in bud set and hardiness was large. The differences found between the family extremes were up to 75% of those found between provenance extremes. The relationship between bud set and frost hardiness was strong among the provenance means within both environments (r = 0.92) but weak for the families (r = 0.22-0.44). Causal factors influencing phenotypic variation within traits and covariation among traits may differ for provenances and families within stands. The strong relationships among traits that are found at the provenance level cannot be generalized to the levels of families or clones.

Characteristics of Photosynthesis in Different Wheat Cultivars under High Light Intensity and High Temperature Stresses

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2196-2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Li QI ◽  
Lin HU ◽  
Hai-Bin DONG ◽  
Lei ZHANG ◽  
Gen-Song WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Temperature Stresses

High light intensity stress as the limiting factor in micropropagation of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amritpal S. Singh ◽  
A. Maxwell P. Jones ◽  
Mukund R. Shukla ◽  
Praveen K. Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Intensity Stress

scholarly journals Transcriptional Profiles of Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis Genes and Cytochromes in the Leaves of Four Papaver Species

Data ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dowan Kim ◽  
Myunghee Jung ◽  
In Ha ◽  
Min Lee ◽  
Seok-Geun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Bioinformatics Analyses ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Development Life Cycle ◽  
The Family ◽  
Leaf Transcriptome ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis

Poppies are well-known plants in the family Papaveraceae that are rich in alkaloids. This family contains 61 species, and in this study we sequenced the transcriptomes of four species’ (Papaver rhoeas, Papaver nudicaule, Papaver fauriei, and Papaver somniferum) leaves. These transcripts were systematically assessed for the expression of secondary metabolite biosynthesis (SMB) genes and cytochromes, and their expression profiles were assessed for use in bioinformatics analyses. This study contributed 265 Gb (13 libraries with three biological replicates) of leaf transcriptome data from three Papaver plant developmental stages. Sequenced transcripts were assembled into 815 Mb of contigs, including 226 Mb of full-length transcripts. The transcripts for 53 KEGG pathways, 55 cytochrome superfamilies, and benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis (BIA) were identified and compared to four other alkaloid-rich genomes. Additionally, 22 different alkaloids and their relative expression profiles in three developmental stages of Papaver species were assessed by targeted metabolomics using LC-QTOF-MS/MS. Collectively, the results are given in co-occurrence heat-maps to help researchers obtain an overview of the transcripts and their differential expression in the Papaver development life cycle, particularly in leaves. Moreover, this dataset will be a valuable resource to derive hypotheses to mitigate an array of Papaver developmental and secondary metabolite biosynthesis issues in the future.

Predator Detection is Limited in Microhabitats with High Light Intensity: An Experiment with Brown-Headed Cowbirds

Ethology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Fernández-Juricic ◽  
Marcella Deisher ◽  
Amy C. Stark ◽  
Jacquelyn Randolet
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Predator Detection

Monitoring of cold and light stress impact on photosynthesis by using the laser induced fluorescence transient (LIFT) approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Pieruschka ◽  
Denis Klimov ◽  
Zbigniew S. Kolber ◽  
Joseph A. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Laser Induced Fluorescence ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Effective Quantum Yield ◽  
Fluorescence Transient ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements

Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements have been widely applied to quantify the photosynthetic efficiency of plants non-destructively. The most commonly used pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) technique provides a saturating light pulse, which is not practical at the canopy scale. We report here on a recently developed technique, laser induced fluorescence transient (LIFT), which is capable of remotely measuring the photosynthetic efficiency of selected leaves at a distance of up to 50 m. The LIFT approach correlated well with gas exchange measurements under laboratory conditions and was tested in a field experiment monitoring the combined effect of low temperatures and high light intensity on a variety of plants during the early winter in California. We observed a reduction in maximum and effective quantum yield in electron transport for Capsicum annuum L., Lycopersicon esculentum L. and Persea americana Mill. as the temperatures fell, while a grass community was not affected by combined low temperature and high light stress. The ability to make continuous, automatic and remote measurements of the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves with the LIFT system provides a new approach for studying and monitoring of stress effects on the canopy scale.

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