scholarly journals Mechanical Behavior of Bone Cement under Dynamic Loading

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Mohammed Elnedhir Belgherras ◽  
Boualem Serier ◽  
Ali Benouis ◽  
Lalia Hachemi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Total Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Climbing Stairs

In orthopedic surgery and particularly in total hip arthroplasty, The fixation of the implant is generally made by the surgical cement, constituted essentially by polymer (PMMA), It is necessary to know the strengths applied to the prosthetic articulation during the current activities exercised by the patient in their life, to know the distribution of the constraints in the system (bone - cement - implant).This study aims to analyze numerically using the finite element method, the effect of activities (dynamic loads) of the patient on the level and distribution of stresses generated in the components of total hip prosthesis. Five activities, the most frequently performed by the patient such as normal walking, the up and down stairs, sitting and up from chair, were selected for this study. For this purpose, a three-dimensional model of the total hip prosthesis has been developed. The results obtained from this model show that the total hip replacement components and especially the bone cement are more highly stressed during the process of climbing stairs. These excessively high loads can lead to damage of the cement and thus the loosening of the prosthesis.

scholarly journals Measurement of the femoral neck angle in medium and large dog breeds using computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Ahmad Al Aiyan ◽  
Kenneth Richardson ◽  
George Manchi ◽  
Johanna Plendl ◽  
Leo Brunnberg
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Total Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Femoral Neck Angle

The aim of this study was to get precise normal values of the femoral neck angle (FNA) in support of developing an optimally functioning total hip prosthesis for medium and large dog breeds. Accordingly, two- and three-dimensional computed tomographic images of the anatomical structures of the proximal femora of 58, hip-dysplasia-free, mature dogs of medium and large breeds were studied. Based on the length of their femora the dogs were allocated to Group I (from 145 to 195 mm) and Group II (from 196 to 240 mm). The FNA was measured on each femur using multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT). The two- and three-dimensional image data were processed as multi-planar and threedimensional reconstructions using Advantage Workstation software. The CT measurements revealed that Group I had an average femoral neck angle of 147.59° (min. 144.05°, max. 153.35°), while in Group II the average FNA was 147.46° (min. 141°, max. 154.35°). There was no significant correlation between the length of the femur and the FNA in either group. The optimal FNA for a total hip prosthesis is 147.5° for medium and large dog breeds.

Comparison of Two- and Three-Dimensional Methods for Assessment of Orientation of the Total Hip Prosthesis

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Herrlin ◽  
H. Pettersson ◽  
G. Selvik
Keyword(s):  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Total Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Hip Prostheses ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Total Hip Prostheses ◽  
Prosthetic Component ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Made In

A comparison of two- and three-dimensional methods for the determination of the orientation of total hip prostheses was made in a group of 57 patients. The acetabular inclination and the collum-diaphyseal angle measured on a.p. projections (2-D) were adequate in most cases for assessing how vertically the prosthetic component was inserted, but in individual cases with a high degree of version these measurements could be misleading. Anteversion measured in the transverse plane (2-D) was more sensitive to errors than planar anteversion measured as a rotation around the longest diameter of the ellipsoid projection of the acetabular opening, but it gave a rough estimate of the relation of the prosthetic components. Determination of the spatial (3-D) orientation of the components provides a precise estimate of the component relations.

Metal Allergy and other Adverse Reactions in Patients with Total Hip Replacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 1114 ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Niculescu ◽  
Dan Laptoiu ◽  
Florin Miculescu ◽  
Iulian Vasile Antoniac
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Metal Allergy ◽  
Total Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Tissue Reactions

Total hip prosthese are widely used in total hip arthroplasty, offering many benefit to patients with different articular diseases like osteoarthritis or after different accidents. Many total hip prosthesis are now available to the orthopaedic surgeons to replace the hip articulation, with different design and with components made by different type of biomaterials: metallic (cobalt-chrome and titanium alloys, zirconium-niobium alloy named oxinium), ceramic (alumina, zirconia), polymers (ultra high weight molecular polyethylene-UHMWPE). Even total hip arthroplasty has a high success rate, implant loosening may occur, with different symptoms that could be attributed to metal allergy. Because the stem components of the total hip prosthesis are made by metallic biomaterials, many papers describe the adverse effects related to the release of metal ions (like cytotoxicity, carcinogenicity and metal allergy). There are different types of metal corrosion: intergranular, pitting, crevice, fatigue, stress, fretting, and galvanic. On the other hand, in many cases (like metal-on-metal prosthesis) appear corrosion and wear between two metallic components. This processes are favourable for the aparition of hypersensitivity-related tissue reactions. Especially some metallic ions (nickel, cobalt, and chromium) presents in stainless steels and cobalt-chromium alloys are most known to be released from prostheses components and give metal allergy. Of course, during the time was developped some solutions in order to improve the performance of the hip prostheses components made by metallic components like coating with thin layers using different biomaterials like porous titanium or hydroxiapatite. The aims of this review article were to explore mainly the relationship between corrosion products and implant-related hypersensitivity, the importance of surface treatment for metallic components, try define the effect of metal ion concentrations, and differentiate between allergy and infection in total hip replacement. The long-term performance of the coated components will be also analyzed and synthetic described based on clinical results. Also, some relevant aspects from our clinical experience and retrieved prosthesis analysis using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy will be shown in order to support the conclusions.

The canine cemented modular total hip prosthesis

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Olmstead
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Total Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Modular Prosthesis ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Better Than

Total hip replacement (THR) is well established as a treatment modality for dogs with noninfectious, nonneoplastic, disabling conditions of the coxofemoral joint. Since the mid 1970s, a fixed-head prosthesis has been used in this procedure. A modular prosthesis, which is based on many of the technical advances found in human prostheses, now is available for use in veterinary medicine. The prosthesis, surgical instrumentation, surgical technique, and clinical results have been evaluated in a prospective study conducted at The Ohio State University's College of Veterinary Medicine. The modular prosthesis provides results equal to or better than the fixed-head prosthesis.

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