scholarly journals Lamivudine Revisited: Long-Term Treatment of Relatively Low-Viremic Hepatitis B Patients on Higher-Dose Lamivudine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
The United States ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Oral Drugs ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Tenofovir Alafenamide ◽  
Global Health Problem

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a significant global health problem with more than 350 million people chronically infected. Currently it is believed that HBV is responsible for 50% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide [1-3]. While a cure for HBV is still needed, several oral drugs that suppress viral replication exist. In the United States, six nucleos(t)ide analogues that have been approved at different time periods include lamivudine (1998), adefovir (2002), entecavir (2005), telbivudine (2006), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (2008) and tenofovir alafenamide (2016).

LIVER FIBROSIS RESPONSE TO ENTECAVIR TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH HBV-RELATED COMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Trung Doan Hieu ◽  
Chuong Tran Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acoustic Radiation ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Compensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
B Virus

Background: Evaluating improvement of liver fibrosis response after anti HBV therapy in our country until now is very limited, especially in patients with cirrhosis. This study aimed at assessing the respone in liver fibrosis determined by ARFI and its related factors for patients with compensated HBV-related cirrhosis undergoing entecavir therapy. Subjects and methods: 60 patients with compensated HBV-related cirrhosis were enrolled at Da Nang Hospital from 06/2016 to 06/2018. All received entecavir 0,5mg a day 2 hours after breakfast and followed in 18 months. Liver fibrosis is measured by Acoustic Radiation Forced Imaging (ARFI). Results: Entecavir treatment may result in improvement of liver fibrosis in 20% after 12 months and 26.67% after 18 months in patients with compensated hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. The improvement in fibrosis levels was significant after at least 12 months of treatment. Factors associated with improvement of fibrosis response in this study included AST, ALT, AFP are high, HBeAg (+), low prothrombin time at baseline, and indetectable HBV DNA after 6 months of treatment. Conclusion: Entecavir treatment may help to improve liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis B virus-related compensated cirrhosis, but long-term treatment is needed. Key words: Entecavir, HBV cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, ARFI

The influence of hepatitis B virus genotype on the development of lamivudine resistance during long-term treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Akuta ◽  
Fumitaka Suzuki ◽  
Mariko Kobayashi ◽  
Akihito Tsubota ◽  
Yoshiyuki Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Lamivudine Resistance ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
B Virus

Abstract P44: Does Race Influence Disability and Hospital Disposition After Cerebral Hemorrhage? Results From a Community Wide Stroke Registry

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip K Pandey ◽  
Venkatesh Aiyagari
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Severe Disability ◽  
Stroke Registry ◽  
Discharge Disposition ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Mortality Incidence

Background: Compared to Non-Hispanic whites (NHW), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has a higher incidence among African Americans (AA) where it also occurs at a younger age. Previous studies have concluded that there are no racial differences in hospital mortality after ICH, but the influence of race on disability and discharge disposition after ICH has not been studied. Methods: The Illinois Capture-Stroke registry is a prospectively collected database of patients admitted with a stroke to 56 acute care hospitals in Illinois. We performed a retrospective analysis of the association between race, and in-hospital mortality, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge and discharge disposition in 804 patients with ICH enrolled in the registry between 2005 and 2007. Results: We studied 530 NHW and 175 AA patients with radiologically proven ICH. Compared to NHW, AA patients were younger (mean age NHW: 73±14 vs AA: 58±12 yrs, p <0.001) and had a higher incidence of hypertension, smoking and coronary artery disease. Although there was no racial difference in hospital mortality, incidence of moderate to severe disability (mRS 4-5) was significantly higher in NHW (69%) compared to AA (55%). Among patients <65 years old, a trend (p=0.102) towards a higher disability in NHW was observed (60% in NHW vs. 45% in AA). In this age group, 41% of NHW and 33% of AA were discharged to rehabilitation facilities while 37% of NHW and 44% of AA were discharged home. Conclusion: A very large proportion of patients with ICH are discharged from hospitals with moderate or severe disability. Compared to NHW, a higher proportion of younger AA patients are discharged home after ICH. The long term outcomes of survivors after ICH in the United States is not well studied, and the influence of racial and socioeconomic factors on long-term treatment and outcome after ICH needs to be explored.

Atezolizumab (atezo) in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC): A 2-year clinical update from a phase Ia study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 290-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Peter Petrylak ◽  
Thomas Powles ◽  
Joaquim Bellmunt ◽  
Fadi S. Braiteh ◽  
Yohann Loriot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Objective Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Ecog Ps

290 Background: Atezo (anti–PD-L1) has demonstrated safety and efficacy in a broad range of cancers and is approved in the United States for mUC previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Here we report long-term results in mUC from Phase Ia study NCT01375842 (PCD4989g). Methods: Previously treated mUC patients received atezo 15 mg/kg or 1200 mg IV q3w. Enrollment in this Phase Ia expansion cohort initially required PD-L1–selected status and later opened to patients regardless of PD-L1 expression on tumor-infiltrating immune cells. The primary endpoint was safety/tolerability. Secondary endpoints included investigator-assessed RECIST v1.1 ORR (confirmed), DOR and OS. Results: 95 patients were safety evaluable (Table). Median age was 66 years, 76% were male and 80% had primary bladder tumors. 61% had ECOG PS 1. 52% received ≥ 3 prior systemic therapies for mUC (70% platinum). Median treatment duration was 3 months (range: 0-32 months); 24% were treated for ≥ 1 year. Treatment-related AEs occurred in 66% (all Grade) and 8% (Grade 3-4) of patients. No treatment-related deaths were reported. In 94 objective response–evaluable patients (follow-up ≥ 12 weeks), the ORR was 27% (95% CI: 18, 37%), and the CR rate was 10%; the SD rate was 19%. mDOR was 22.1 months (95% CI: 12.1, NE months) in all patients; 56% of responses (7/9 CRs and 7/16 PRs) were ongoing at the December 15, 2015 data cutoff. With a 24-month median follow-up duration (range: 1+ to 32 months), the 1-year OS rate was 47% (95% CI: 36, 58%), and the 2-year rate was 29% (19, 40%); mOS is in the Table. Updated clinical data with further follow-up and analyses by PD-L1 status will be presented. Conclusions: Long-term treatment with atezo was well tolerated, without new safety signals in heavily pre-treated mUC patients. The durability of responses, including CRs, along with extended OS, confirm atezo as a new standard for previously treated mUC patients. Clinical trial information: NCT01375842. [Table: see text]

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