scholarly journals Aberrant neuroplasticity in autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Repetitive Tms ◽  
The Brain

Developments have taken place within the neurobiology research in Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and results from these studies indicate that the brain in ASD is related to aberrant neuroplasticity. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has quickly evolved to become a widely used, safe, and non-invasive neuroscientific tool to analyze a spread of neuroscience processes, as neuroplasticity. The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of TMS in ASD is setting out to be realized. during this article, we concisely reviewed the proof of aberrant neuroplasticity in ASD, steered future directions in assessing neuroplasticity exploitation repetitive TMS (rTMS), and mentioned the potential of rTMS in rectifying aberrant neuroplasticity in ASD.

scholarly journals Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in autism spectrum disorder: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e046830
Author(s):  
Peter G Enticott ◽  
Karen Barlow ◽  
Adam J Guastella ◽  
Melissa K Licari ◽  
Nigel C Rogasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionThere are no well-established biomedical treatments for the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A small number of studies suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, may improve clinical and cognitive outcomes in ASD. We describe here the protocol for a funded multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial to investigate whether a course of rTMS to the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), which has demonstrated abnormal brain activation in ASD, can improve social communication in adolescents and young adults with ASD.Methods and analysisThis study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 4-week course of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS, a variant of rTMS) in ASD. Participants meeting criteria for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ASD (n=150, aged 14–40 years) will receive 20 sessions of either active iTBS (600 pulses) or sham iTBS (in which a sham coil mimics the sensation of iTBS, but no active stimulation is delivered) to the rTPJ. Participants will undergo a range of clinical, cognitive, epi/genetic, and neurophysiological assessments before and at multiple time points up to 6 months after iTBS. Safety will be assessed via a structured questionnaire and adverse event reporting. The study will be conducted from November 2020 to October 2024.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Monash Health (Melbourne, Australia) under Australia’s National Mutual Acceptance scheme. The trial will be conducted according to Good Clinical Practice, and findings will be written up for scholarly publication.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12620000890932).

Executive Functions in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-90
Author(s):  
Yael Dai ◽  
Inge-Marie Eigsti
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
Memory Flexibility ◽  
The Brain

This chapter reviews strengths and weaknesses in executive function (EF) domains, including inhibition, working memory, flexibility, fluency, and planning, in adolescents (age 13–19) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Given the dramatic developmental changes in the brain regions that support EF during the period of adolescence, it is critical to evaluate which EF abilities show a distinct profile during this period. As this chapter will demonstrate, youth with ASD show deficits across all domains of EF, particularly in complex tasks that include arbitrary instructions. We describe the fundamental measures for assessing skills in each domain and discuss limitations and future directions for research, as well as clinical implications of these findings for working with youth with ASD.

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