scholarly journals Depression, Social Support, and Coping Strategies in Individuals with Spinal Injury Depression with Spinal Injury Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 518-525
Author(s):  
Nopchanok Sukprasert ◽  
Cholavech Chavasiri ◽  
Srinual Chavasiri
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with depression, the social support received by, and the coping strategies used by spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.Materials and Methods:  SCI patients who received follow-up evaluation at the Siriraj Hospital during 2016 to 2018. The instruments used included a general information, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale(Thai version), the Social Provisions Scale, and the Spinal Cord Lesion-Related Coping Strategies Questionnaire (Thai version).Results: Eighty-six SCI patients (age: 43.1±15.7 years, 66.3% male) were included, and 59.3%  had some level of permanent impairment. The prevalence of depression was 55.8%. Depression was found to be negatively associated with all social support domains. Regarding coping, depression was shown to be negatively associated with the acceptance strategy, but positively associated with the social reliance strategy. Multivariate analysis by multiple logistic regression showed  level of impairment (p=0.005), guidance provision (p=0.040), fighting spirit strategy (p=0.031), and the social reliance strategy (p=0.032) to be independently associated with depression.Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among SCI was 55.8%. The results revealed the types of social support received, and the coping strategies used by SCI patients after hospital discharge. These findings will improve follow-up care and patient quality of life.

scholarly journals Olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation for chronic spinal cord injury: A long-term follow-up study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Naifeng Kuang ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Yuexia Chen ◽  
Guifeng Liu ◽  
Fan’e Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cell ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Spinal cord injury is a serious disabling condition. Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) is one of the most promising treatments for spinal cord injury (SCI). Thirty-nine patients with chronic SCI received OEC transplantation and completed long-term follow-up, with a minimum follow-up of 7 years. We assessed sensorimotor function with the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) and autonomic nervous function by the International Standards to document remaining Autonomic Function after Spinal Cord Injury (ISAFSCI), and sympathetic skin responses (SSR). The scores of each group were significantly higher after OECs transplantation than before treatment. SSR latencies were shorter and response amplitudes increased after treatment. Long-term follow-up showed further improvement only in motor function and autonomic function compared with 3 months postoperatively. No complications occurred in any patient during long-term follow-up. The results indicate that the transplantation of OECs in spinal cord restored function without serious side effects.

Neurological prognosis after traumatic quadriplegia

1979 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick M. Maynard ◽  
Glenn G. Reynolds ◽  
Steven Fountain ◽  
Conal Wilmot ◽  
Richard Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cord Injury

✓ Between January, 1974, and December, 1976, 123 patients with traumatic quadriplegia were admitted to the California Regional Spinal Cord Injury Care System. The spinal cord injury resulted from gunshot wounds in five, from a stab wound in one, from neck injuries with no bone damage seen on x-ray studies in 10, and from fracture dislocations of the cervical spine in 107. One-year follow-up information was available on 114 patients. Neurological impairment using the Frankel classification system was compared at 72 hours postinjury to the 1-year follow-up examination. Fifty of 62 patients with complete injury at 72 hours were unchanged at 1 year. Five of these 62 patients had developed motor useful function in the legs or became ambulatory by 1 year, but all had sustained serious head injuries at the time of their trauma making initial neurological assessment unreliable. Ten percent of all cases had combined head injury impairing consciousness. Among 103 cognitively intact patients, none with complete injury at 72 hours were walking at 1 year. Of patients with sensory incomplete function at 72 hours postinjury, 47% were walking at 1 year; 87% of patients with motor incomplete function at 72 hours postinjury were walking at 1 year. Spinal surgery during the first 4 weeks postinjury did not improve neurological recovery. A method of analyzing neurological and functional outcomes of spinal cord injury is presented in order to more accurately evaluate the results of future treatment protocols for acute spinal injury.

Long-Term Follow-up of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Figen Yilmaz ◽  
Fusun Sahin ◽  
Semra Aktug ◽  
Banu Kuran ◽  
Adem Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
American Spinal Injury Association ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the motor, sensory, and functional recovery in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods. Forty-one patients with SCI participated in this study. Twenty patients were evaluated after discharge. Each patient was evaluated by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at admission, before discharge, and at least at 6 months after discharge. Friedman, Dunn, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. Results. There were 17 male and 3 female patients. Seven patients had complete SCI, and 13 patients had incomplete SCI. The evaluation of motor, sensory, and FIM scores at admission showed significant improvement in all of the patients during the follow-up period (P < 0.0001). Five incompletely injured cases improved with regard to ASIA staging. Motor and FIM scores significantly increased at follow-up for converted and unconverted patients. All parameters increased at follow-up in patients who were complete and incomplete. Motor scores significantly increased at discharge and at follow-up. FIM scores also increased significantly at follow-up in incomplete patients. Conclusion. Motor, sensory, and FIM scores increased in patients with SCI after a follow-up period of 18 months. Improvement to a higher ASIA stage could be accomplished by 25% of the patients. Although both complete and incomplete patients recovered significantly at the follow-up period, only incompletely injured cases could convert to a higher ASIA stage.

scholarly journals Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Long-Term Motor, Sensory, and Urinary Outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouzbeh Motiei-Langroudi ◽  
Homa Sadeghian
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Trauma Mechanism ◽  
Cord Injury

<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>Retrospective study.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>To evaluate how motor, sensory, and urinary outcomes of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients were influenced in the long term.</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>SCI is a potentially disabling and devastating neurological outcome that can occur because of spinal column fractures. Most studies have not evaluated or have failed to show the influence of different surgical approaches and other parameters on neurological recovery.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A thorough history regarding sensory, motor, and urinary complaints was taken from 103 patients with SCI due to vertebral fracture; patients were followed by a thorough neurological examination. Subsequently, all medical records of patients, including neurological state after trauma, trauma mechanism, treatment protocol, surgical protocol, and imaging findings, were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Of the 103 patients, 73.8% were survivors of a major earthquake and 26.2% were victims of vehicle accidents; 92.2% patients were surgically treated, while 7.8% underwent conservative management. The mean follow-up duration was 10.3 years. In follow-up visits, 67.0%, 12.6%, 13.6%, and 6.8% patients showed no, partial, substantial, and complete motor improvement, respectively; 68.0%, 26.2%, and 5.8% showed no, mild, and substantial sensory improvement, respectively; and 73.8%, 17.5%, and 8.7% showed no, substantial, and complete urinary improvement, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age at injury time, follow-up duration, trauma mechanism, and stem cell therapy had no effect on motor, sensory, and urinary improvement. Higher initial scores on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification, lumbar fracture level, and performance of laminectomy improved motor outcome; higher initial ASIA scores improved urinary and sensory outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The initial ASIA score is the most important factor for prognosticating motor, sensory, and urinary improvement in SCI patients. Lumbar (L3–L5) and thoracic (T1–T10) fractures have the best and worst prognosis, respectively, in terms of motor recovery. Laminectomy during surgery improves motor function.</p></sec>

The Nature of Social Support Available to People Living with Spinal Cord Injury

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Sian Reilly ◽  
Gregory Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Perceived Availability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
One Year ◽  
Discharge From Hospital

This study examined the nature of the social support received by persons following spinal cord injury (SCI). Social support was assessed through use of an abridged version of the ISEL scale (Cohen et al., 1985), a self-report measure of perceived support. Seventy persons who had been living in the community at least one year post discharge from hospital provided information about four types of support received — instrumental, emotional, informational, and appraisal social support. The aim of this study was to identify whether there were any significant differences in the perceived availability of the four types of social support. Analyses revealed that overall there were significant (p < .05) perceived differences in the average availability of the four separate types of support, with Instrumental support being seen as the most available. Taken together, these findings support the usefulness of measuring separately the different types of social support perceived to be available to individuals, and thus hold important implications for the rehabilitation effort following SCI.

scholarly journals C-5 palsy after cerebrospinal fluid diversion in posttraumatic syringomyelia: case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Ghobrial ◽  
Sara Beygi ◽  
Matthew J. Viereck ◽  
Joshua E. Heller ◽  
Ashwini Sharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Foraminal Stenosis ◽  
Potential Complication ◽  
Csf Flow ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Diversion ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positional Shift

Syringomyelia is a potentially debilitating disease that involves abnormal CSF flow mechanics; its incidence after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is approximately 15%. Treatment consists of restoration of CSF flow, typically via arachnoidolysis and syrinx decompression. The authors present a case of pronounced syringomyelia in a patient with concomitant severe cervical myelomalacia to demonstrate unilateral C-5 palsy as a potential complication of aggressive syrinx decompression at a remote level. A 56-year-old man with a remote history of SCI at T-11 (ASIA [American Spinal Injury Association] Grade A) presented with complaints of ascending motor and sensory weakness into the bilateral upper extremities that had progressed over 1 year. MRI demonstrated severe distortion of the spinal cord at the prior injury level of T10–11, where an old anterior column injury and prior hook-rod construct was visualized. Of note, the patient had a holocord syrinx with demonstrable myelomalacia. To restore CSF flow and decompress the spinal cord, T-2 and T-3 laminectomies, followed by arachnoidolysis and syringopleural shunt placement, were performed. Postoperatively on Day 1, with the exception of a unilateral deltoid palsy, the patient had immediate improvement in upper-extremity strength and myelopathy. He was discharged from the hospital on postoperative Day 5; however, at his 2-week follow-up visit, a persistent unilateral deltoid palsy was noted. MRI demonstrated a significant reduction in the holocord syrinx, no neural foraminal stenosis, and a significant positional shift of the ventral spinal cord. Further motor recovery was noted at the 8-month follow-up. Syringomyelia is a debilitating disease arising most often as a result of traumatic SCI. In the setting of myelomalacia with a pronounced syrinx, C-5 palsy is a potential complication of syrinx decompression.

scholarly journals Outcome in patients undergoing surgery for spinal injury in an Ethiopian hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 772-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Andreas Lehre ◽  
Lars Magnus Eriksen ◽  
Abenezer Tirsit ◽  
Segni Bekele ◽  
Saba Petros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Spine Injuries ◽  
Tract Infections

OBJECT The objective of this study was to investigate epidemiology and outcome after surgical treatment for spinal injuries in Ethiopia. METHODS Medical records of patients who underwent surgery for spine injuries at Myungsung Christian Medical Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, between January 2008 and September 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Assessment of outcome and complications was determined from patient consultations and phone interviews. RESULTS A total of 146 patients were included (129 males, 17 females). Their mean age was 31.7 years (range 15–81 years). The leading cause of injury was motor vehicle accidents (54.1%), and this was followed by falls (26.7%). The most common injury sites were lumbar (41.1%) and cervical (34.2%) regions of the spine. In 21.2% of patients, no neurological deficit was present before surgery, 46.6% had incomplete spinal cord injury (American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] Impairment Scale [AIS] Grade B-D), and 32.2% had complete spinal cord injury (AIS Grade A). Follow-up was hampered by suboptimal infrastructure, but information regarding outcome was successfully obtained for 110 patients (75.3%). At follow-up (mean 22.9 months; range 2–57 months), 25 patients (17.1%) were confirmed dead and 85 patients (58.2%) were alive; 49 patients (33.6%) underwent physical examination. At least 8 of the 47 patients (17.0%) with a complete injury and 29 of the 68 patients (42.6%) with an incomplete injury showed neurological improvement. The reported incidences of pressure wounds, recurrent urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and thromboembolic events were 22.5%, 13.5%, 5.6%, and 1.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients showed surprisingly good recovery considering the limited resources. Surgical treatment for spine injuries in Ethiopia is considered beneficial.

scholarly journals Classifications Used in Spinal Cord Injuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erek Öztürk ◽  
Yener Akyuva ◽  
Erdinç Çivelek
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Multidimensional Pain Inventory ◽  
Cord Injury

Creating a common language allows information to be shared well/wholesome/healthily. Classifications have a important role in the formation of this language, which provides many benefits such as follow-up of the clinical course. Classifications in spinal cord injuries are based on examination, so the results of different treatments can be revealed more clearly with a standardized examination and registration. The International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) which is the most sensitive and common classification was developed by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) and the International Spinal Cord Society (ISCoS), although its foundations were laid in 1969 by Frankel. Apart from neurological evaluation, there are scales such as Functional Independence Scale, Modified Barthel Index, Spinal Cord Independence Scale, Quadriplegia Functional Index, Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury, Spinal Cord Injury Functional Ambulation Inventory to determine the functional status in spinal cord injuries. Additionally scales such as Assessment of Spinal Cord Injury Basic Pain Data Set, Multidimensional Pain Inventory, DN4 (DouleurNeuropathique DN4) can be used for pain assessment in a patient with spinal cord injury.

scholarly journals Ten years of clinical observation of olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation in patients with spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
Zhijian Cheng ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Kai Cao ◽  
Guoyu Wang ◽  
Jie Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cell ◽  
Cell Purification ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Asia Score ◽  
Observation Period

Objective:To evaluate the long-term curative efficacy and safety of olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation by 10 years of follow-up investigation.Methods:A follow-up observation was done on 13 patients with allograft olfactory bulb-derived OEC transplantation from September 2005 to September 2007 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University. After cell purification, amplification, and identification, a 2 × 107/mL cell suspension was prepared for transplantation. In the posterior horn of the spinal cord 0.5 cm distal and proximal to the spinal cord injury zone, 4 needle points were selected to avoid the blood vessels. The needle depth was 3 mm, and the injection volume per point was 10 μL. Postoperatively and at 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, 24 weeks, 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, and 10 years after the surgery, the patient’s American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score, adverse reactions, and other minor observations were assessed.Results:All the patients did not have serious complications. No gliomas or other new organisms formed during the 10-year observation period. Eight of 13 patients had improvement in sensory function, and 5 patients showed improvement in motor function. The ASIA acupuncture, light touch, and exercise scores improved significantly 1 year after the surgery, and this improvement continued until the 10-year follow-up period. Three of 13 patients had improvement in defecation and urination, and 1 patient had improved neuralgia after spinal cord injury.Conclusion:OEC transplantation is safe and effective in treating spinal cord injury. The observation period of OEC transplantation is 1 to 3 years.

Complications associated with the prophylactic use of methylprednisolone during surgical stabilization after spinal cord injury

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Del Rosario Molano ◽  
James G. Broton ◽  
Judy A. Bean ◽  
Blair Calancie
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Initial Hospitalization ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors attempted to determine if there is a significant relationship between the incidence of medical complications and the prophylactic use of methylprednisolone (MP) during spine surgery in patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) who had already received MP on hospital admission (typically in the setting of an Emergency Room/Trauma Center). Methods. The authors studied 73 patients with acute SCI who were admitted to the hospital for at least 7 days postinjury. All patients 1) received a 24-hour regimen of MP in the acute period of hospitalization; and 2) underwent surgery to stabilize the spine and/or decompress the spinal cord. Patients were separated into two groups on the basis of whether they received additional MP therapy during spine surgery. A chart review was conducted retrospectively to determine the incidence of complications up to 6 weeks postinjury. Muscle strength and American Spinal Injury Association grades were determined prospectively throughout the follow-up period. In patients who received two courses of MP following acute SCI (one at initial hospitalization and one during surgery), a significantly increased probability of complications was demonstrated compared with those who received no MP therapy during surgery. This was particularly evident when the incidences of serious complications were compared. Conclusions. Prophylactic use of MP as a neuroprotective agent during spine surgery in patients with acute SCI should be avoided in those in whom MP was administered on admission to the hospital.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document