Protective Effects of Spirulina against Cyclophosphamide Induced Bone Marrow Toxicity in Mice

Spirulina Platenesis (Sp) is rich in important compounds with antioxidant effects. This study investigates the treatment and prophylactic effect of Spirulina Platenesis (Sp) against Cyclophosphamide (CP) induced bone marrow toxicity. Fifty female BALB/C mice were randomly classified into 5 equal groups: (1) Normal controls; (2) CP group: injected with 40 mg/kg for 10 days; (3) Sp group: supplied by Sp (1000 mg/kg) for 10 days; (4) Treatment group: CP + Sp; (5) Prophylactic group: Sp + CP. After 10 days, At the end of the study period, all rats were killed, blood was withdrawn, and bone marrow (BM) was subjected to investigation. Cyclophosphamide administration caused rapid dimension in CBC parameter, Bone marrow WBC count and Erythropiotein concentration in blood that have been recovered with Sp administration. According to histological analysis of the bone marrow, spirulina impaired the proliferation and hypercellularity of immature myeloid elements in the bone marrow, which CP decreased. Obviously, spirulina may with antioxidative activity reduced the oxidative stress and toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in mouse bone marrow cells.

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Protective effects of fucoidan against 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide provoked genetic damage in mouse bone marrow cells

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-020-09472-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (25) ◽

pp. 31760-31766

Author(s):

Arumugam Ponnan ◽

Arunkumar Kulanthaiyesu ◽

Murugan Marudhamuthu ◽

Kamalakkannan Palanisamy ◽

Murugan Kadarkarai

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Genetic Damage ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Marrow Cells

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Protective effects of indole-3-carbinol on cyclophosphamide-induced clastogenecity in mouse bone marrow cells

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1191/0960327104ht441oa ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 245-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yogeshwer Shukla ◽

Bhawna Srivastava ◽

Annu Arora ◽

L KS Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow ◽

Protective Effects ◽

The Status ◽

Chromosomal Mutations ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Marrow Cells

Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is present in many cruciferous vegetables and is known to possess protective properties against chemically induced toxicity and carcinogenesis. In the present study, the antimutagenic potential of I3C has been evaluated using in vivo chromosomal aberration (CA) assay as a cytogenetic end point. Chromosomal analysis was carried out in mouse bone marrow cells following administration of I3C (5 mg/kg; i.p.) for 5 consecutive days. Cyclophosphamide (CP), a well known mutagen, was given at two dose levels of 25 mg/kg b.wt. and 100 mg/kg b.wt., respectively, 24 hours prior to the last dose of I3C. Two groups of five mice each were also injected with CP (25 or 100 mg/kg b.wt.) alone whereas for the vehicle control a group of mice was injected with normal saline only. The results revealed a significant inhibition in the frequencies of CP-induced CAs and aberrant cells in bone marrow cells of I3C-supplemented Swiss albino mice. The antimutagenic potential of I3C towards CP was also evident as the status of mitotic index (MI) was found to show an increment. This study revealed the antigenotoxic potential of I3C against CP- induced chromosomal mutations.

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Protective effects of lupeol against benzo[a]pyrene induced clastogenicity in mouse bone marrow cells

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research ◽

10.1002/mnfr.200700420 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 52 (10) ◽

pp. 1117-1120 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sahdeo Prasad ◽

Vinay Kumar Yadav ◽

Smita Srivastava ◽

Yogeshwer Shukla

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Marrow Cells

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Protective effects of solvent fractions of Mentha spicata (L.) leaves evaluated on 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide induced chromosome damage and apoptosis in mouse bone marrow cells

Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1590/s1415-47572009005000086 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 847-852 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ponnan Arumugam ◽

Arabandi Ramesh

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow ◽

Chromosome Damage ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Mentha Spicata ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Marrow Cells

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Protective effects of total saponins from stem and leaf of Panax ginseng against cyclophosphamide-induced genotoxicity and apoptosis in mouse bone marrow cells and peripheral lymphocyte cells

Food and Chemical Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.fct.2007.08.025 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 293-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Qiu Hua Zhang ◽

Chun Fu Wu ◽

Lian Duan ◽

Jing Yu Yang

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Panax Ginseng ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Peripheral Lymphocyte ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Marrow Cells

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Luteolin transforms the polarity of bone marrow-derived macrophages to regulate the cytokine storm

Journal of Inflammation ◽

10.1186/s12950-021-00285-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shuxia Wang ◽

Shuhang Xu ◽

Jing Zhou ◽

Li Zhang ◽

Xiaodong Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Membrane Surface ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow ◽

Macrophage Polarisation ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

M1 Type

Abstract Background Macrophages are indispensable regulators of inflammatory responses. Macrophage polarisation and their secreted inflammatory factors have an association with the outcome of inflammation. Luteolin, a flavonoid abundant in plants, has anti-inflammatory activity, but whether luteolin can manipulate M1/M2 polarisation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to suppress inflammation is still unclear. This study aimed to observe the effects of luteolin on the polarity of BMDMs derived from C57BL/6 mice and the expression of inflammatory factors, to explore the mechanism by which luteolin regulates the BMDM polarity. Methods M1-polarised BMDMs were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + interferon (IFN)-γ and M2-polarisation were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-4. BMDM morphology and phagocytosis were observed by laser confocal microscopy; levels of BMDM differentiation and cluster of differentiation (CD)11c or CD206 on the membrane surface were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM); mRNA and protein levels of M1/M2-type inflammatory factors were performed by qPCR and ELISA, respectively; and the expression of p-STAT1 and p-STAT6 protein pathways was detected by Western-blotting. Results The isolated mouse bone marrow cells were successfully differentiated into BMDMs, LPS + IFN-γ induced BMDM M1-phenotype polarisation, and IL-4 induced M2-phenotype polarisation. After M1-polarised BMDMs were treated with luteolin, the phagocytosis of M1-polarized BMDMs was reduced, and the M1-type pro-inflammatory factors including IL-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and CD86 were downregulated while the M2-type anti-inflammatory factors including IL-10, IL-13, found in inflammatory zone (FIZZ)1, Arginase (Arg)1 and CD206 were upregulated. Additionally, the expression of M1-type surface marker CD11c decreased. Nevertheless, the M2-type marker CD206 increased; and the levels of inflammatory signalling proteins phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (p-STAT)1 and p-STAT6 were attenuated and enhanced, respectively. Conclusions Our study suggests that luteolin may transform BMDM polarity through p-STAT1/6 to regulate the expression of inflammatory mediators, thereby inhibiting inflammation. Naturally occurring luteolin holds promise as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent.

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Oxidative damage, inflammation, genotoxic effect, and global DNA methylation caused by inhalation of formaldehyde and the purpose of melatonin

Toxicology Research ◽

10.1093/toxres/tfaa079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 778-789

Author(s):

Letícia Bernardini ◽

Eduardo Barbosa ◽

Mariele Feiffer Charão ◽

Gabriela Goethel ◽

Diana Muller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Histological Study ◽

Global Dna Methylation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Global Methylation ◽

Protein Thiols

Abstract Formaldehyde (FA) exposure has been proven to increase the risk of asthma and cancer. This study aimed to evaluate for 28 days the FA inhalation effects on oxidative stress, inflammation process, genotoxicity, and global DNA methylation in mice as well as to investigate the potential protective effects of melatonin. For that, analyses were performed on lung, liver and kidney tissues, blood, and bone marrow. Bronchoalveolar lavage was used to measure inflammatory parameters. Lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyl (PCO), non-protein thiols (NPSH), catalase activity (CAT), comet assay, micronuclei (MN), and global methylation were determined. The exposure to 5-ppm FA resulted in oxidative damage to the lung, presenting a significant increase in TBARS and NO levels and a decrease in NPSH levels, besides an increase in inflammatory cells recruited for bronchoalveolar lavage. Likewise, in the liver tissue, the exposure to 5-ppm FA increased TBARS and PCO levels and decreased NPSH levels. In addition, FA significantly induced DNA damage, evidenced by the increase of % tail moment and MN frequency. The pretreatment of mice exposed to FA applying melatonin improved inflammatory and oxidative damage in lung and liver tissues and attenuated MN formation in bone marrow cells. The pulmonary histological study reinforced the results observed in biochemical parameters, demonstrating the potential beneficial role of melatonin. Therefore, our results demonstrated that FA exposure with repeated doses might induce oxidative damage, inflammatory, and genotoxic effects, and melatonin minimized the toxic effects caused by FA inhalation in mice.

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