Development of a vertical fracture under a hydraulic exposure on an oil-bearing formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
V.I. Dunaev ◽  
◽  
I.A. Tereshchenko ◽  
E.I. Velichko ◽  
S.I. Shiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Fracture

Determination of the Orientation of a Vertical Fracture by Interference Tests

1977 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Uraiet ◽  
R. Raghavan ◽  
G.W. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Fracture ◽  
Interference Tests

Controlled Frac Height Growth Technique to Avoid Contacting Water-Bearing Layer

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem Al-Obaid ◽  
Sultan A. Asel ◽  
Jon Hansen ◽  
Rio Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Tight Sandstone ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Vertical Fracture ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Water Zone

Abstract Many techniques have been used to model, diagnose and detect fracture dimension and propagation during hydraulic fracturing. Diagnosing fracture dimension growth vs time is of paramount importance to reach the desired geometry to maximize hydrocarbon production potential and prevent contacting undesired fluid zones. The study presented here describes a technique implemented to control vertical fracture growth in a tight sandstone formation being stimulated near a water zone. This gas well was completed vertically as openhole with Multi- Stage Fracturing (MSF). Pre-Fracturing diagnostic tests in combination with high-resolution temperature logs provided evidence of vertical fracture height growth downward toward water zone. Pre-fracturing flowback indicated water presence that was confirmed by lab test. Several actions were taken to mitigate fracture vertical growth during the placement of main treatment. An artificial barrier with proppant was placed in the lower zone of the reservoir before main fracturing execution. The rate and viscosity of fracturing fluids were also adjusted to control the net pressure aiming to enhance fracture length into the reservoir. The redesigned proppant fracturing job was placed into the formation as planned. Production results showed the effectiveness of the artificial lower barrier placed to prevent fracture vertical growth down into the water zone. Noise log consists of Sonic Noise Log (SNL) and High Precision Temperature (HPT) was performed. The log analysis indicated that two major fractures were initiated away from water-bearing zone with minimum water production. Additionally, in- situ minimum stress profile indicated no enough contrast between layers to help confine fracture into the targeted reservoir. Commercial gas production was achieved after applying this stimulation technique while keeping water production rate controlled within the desired range. The approach described in this paper to optimize gas production in tight formation with nearby water contact during hydraulic fracturing treatments has been applied with a significant improvement in well production. This will serve as reference for future intervention under same challenging completion conditions.

Vertical Fracture Of A Vital Tooth

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
Alan Solomon ◽  
Luke Moloney
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Fracture

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Root Fractures among Patients Visiting a Specialised Tertiary Care Dental Care Clinic

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 377-381
Author(s):  
Savita Sharma ◽  
Abhey Chowdhry
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
T Test ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Vertical Fracture ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Root Fractures

INTRODUCTION: Following endodontic therapy, the development of root fracture(s) is considered to be a risk factor. It can be diagnosed accurately with the help of various radiographic aids.AIM: To assess the prevalence of horizontal and vertical root fractures among endodontically treated teeth among patients visiting a specialised tertiary care dental care clinic.METHODOLOGY: Patients suspected of having root fracture (due to endodontic treatment or non-endodontic treatment) were confirmed with the help of radiographic aids (IOPAR, OPG and occlusal radiographs). Root fractures due to endodontic treatment were then classified as horizontal and vertical root factures and analysed using the student’s t-test, ANOVA and odd’s ratio (OR). Data was analysed using SPSS version 21.0RESULTS: The study population comprised of 383 subjects. Males (207, 54%) formed a majority of the study population. Majority of fractures were seen in females [(162, 58.5%), endodontically treated teeth], while a slightly increased prevalence was seen among males (92, 86.8%) in non-endodontically treated teeth. A total of 277(72.3%) teeth were endodontically treated [155(55.9%) horizontal and 122(44.1%) vertical fracture], while 106(27.7%) were 155 non-endodontically treated teeth [63(59.4%) horizontal and 43(40.6%) vertical fracture]. A significance difference between horizontal and vertical root fractures [p=.005(t-test), p=.0025(ANOVA)] was seen. Odd’s ratio analysis revealed that horizontal fractures (OR=2.2) were more prone to develop as compared to vertical fractures.CONCLUSION: Owing to the fact that endodontically treated teeth are more brittle as compared to non-endodontically treated teeth, it is advised that the dental clinician should closely routinely follow- up endodontically treated teeth for signs of root fracture and confirm with a radiographical aid when such fractures are suspected.

scholarly journals Detecção de um aquífero fraturado por múltiplas sondagens elétricas verticais e por caminhamento elétrico multinível

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Juliana Targino Batista ◽  
José Agnelo Soares
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Fracture Zone ◽  
Crystalline Basement ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
Vertical Fracture ◽  
Vertical Electrical Soundings ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Fractured Aquifers ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Schlumberger Array

RESUMO O presente trabalho analisa o efeito da adoção de diferentes configurações do método da eletrorresistividade para investigar a ocorrência de potenciais aquíferos fissurais. Em uma área onde reconhecidamente existe uma zona de fraturas subverticais no embasamento cristalino foram aplicadas as técnicas de múltiplas sondagens elétricas verticais (SEVs), utilizando o arranjo Schlumberger, e o caminhamento elétrico utilizando o arranjo gradiente multinível. Três diferentes configurações foram testadas em uma mesma linha cuja direção é aproximadamente perpendicular aos planos das fraturas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o caminhamento elétrico multinível pelo arranjo gradiente apresentou maior clareza na detecção da zona de fraturas em relação às configurações utilizando sondagens elétricas verticais. No entanto, tais estruturas subverticais ainda poderiam ser detectadas por sondagem elétrica, desde que adotado um afastamento adequado entre os centros das SEVs. As seções geoelétricas obtidas pelas configurações testadas indicam a presença de uma estrutura acumuladora de água subterrânea do tipo riacho-fenda. Adicionalmente, o caminhamento elétrico pelo arranjo gradiente apresenta vantagens operacionais em relação às demais configurações, sendo mais prático e rápido nos trabalhos de aquisição de dados no campo.Palavras-Chaves: Hidrogeofísica, eletrorresistividade, embasamento cristalino. ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the effect of adoption of different configurations of electric resistivity method to investigate the occurrence of potential fractured aquifers. In an area where there is a sub vertical fracture zone in the crystalline basement the techniques of multiple vertical electrical soundings (VES), using the Schlumberger array, and electrical profiling using the multilevel gradient array, were applied. Three different configurations were tested in a same line whose direction is approximately perpendicular to the fracture plan. The results show that the multilevel gradient array presented better clarity in detecting fracture zone than the settings using vertical electrical soundings. However, such sub vertical structures could still be detected by VES, since it is adopted a proper separation between the VES centers. Obtained geoelectric sections indicate the presence of a groundwater accumulating structure composed by a crack-induced stream. Additionally, the electric gradient profiling presents operational advantages in relation to other arrays, being more practical and fast for data acquisition in the field.Keywords: Hydrogeophysics, electric resistivity, crystalline basement.

Numerical Simulation of Gas Injection for CBM Openhole Cavity Completion Considering the Coal Vertical Fracture System

2011 ◽  
Vol 101-102 ◽  
pp. 298-301
Author(s):  
Xiao Yi Li ◽  
Zhi Ming Wang ◽  
Xin Wan ◽  
Yang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Displacement Vector ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Stress Gradient ◽  
Fracture System ◽  
Vertical Fracture ◽  
Matrix Deformation ◽  
Vector Distribution ◽  
Tensile Fractures ◽  
Coal Reservoir

A discrete element numerical model simulating the process of gas pressurization in coalbed methane wells is built based on UDEC software. The model considers the unique vertical fracture system of the coal. Simulates the distribution of effective stress, pore pressure and the node displacement vector around the wellbore in the process of pressurization under different terrestrial stress conditions. The analysis shows that, reservoir fluid flow and matrix deformation in the pressurization of cavity completion can be better represented by taking coal's unique fracture system into consideration. Coal reservoir with anisotropic stress is more prone to rupture and collapse than that under isotropic condition. In the vertical fracture system, the discrepancy of the fluid velocity will lead to differences in formation stress gradient and help generate shearing fracture. Tensile fractures’ formation and growing trend can be reflected by nodal displacement vector distribution.

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