scholarly journals Variability and Character Association Study in Morphological Traits of Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
Anusree Ghosh ◽  
Bhabendra Kumar Biswas ◽  
Md Arifuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Bark Thickness ◽  
Base Diameter ◽  
Breeding Research ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Commercial Crop ◽  
High Production ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation

Tossa jute (CorchorusolitoriusL.) is the most important commercial crop of Bangladesh. Fifty-six genotypes of F2 generation were raised at Breeding Research Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur from April 2018 to August 2019 from the parental lines O-9897, O-795, JRO-524, Acc. 2381, Acc. 3423, Acc. 3438, Acc. 3533 and Acc. 3860. The parameters, plant height (m), base diameter (mm), green bark thickness (mm), green bark weight without leaves (g), stick weight (g), fiber strength (MPa), days to flowering, days to maturity and fiber weight/stick varied significantly among the genotypes. Significant productivity was found from Acc. 3860. Green bark weight without leaves exhibited highest genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation followed by fiber weight and stick weight. The highest genetic advance as percentage of mean (44.38%) was estimated against green bark weight without leaves suggest it as a prime character that enhanced fiber and stick yields. The Acc. 3860 resulted high production of fiber in hybrids. Considering the studied characters, the F2-generation of Acc. 3860 is comparatively batter than others. The research findings suggested that the F2-generation of Accession Acc. 3860 may produce desired segregates and therefore demands farther research in different environmental conditions and field trail. The Agriculturists 2020; 18(1) 116-128

scholarly journals Genetic Divergance in F2 Generation of Interspecific Hybrids in Grain and Vegetable Purpose Cowpea

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Krishnaja R. Nair ◽  
S. S. Desai ◽  
B. L. Thaware
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Donor Parent ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Multilocation Trials

A field experiment was conducted with 25 hybrids and their 14 parents of cowpea to study the diversity among the genotypes which were grouped in to 7 clusters revealing the presence of considerable diversity in the material. The clustering pattern of the varieties usually did not confirm to geographical distribution. Cluster-II got desirable rating in respect of maximum harvest index, seed yield per plant and minimum days to maturity where cluster V got maximum number of pods per plant, green pod yield per plant and dry pod yield per plant where all yield related components that could be directly tested in multilocation trials for their suitability or could be used as a donor parent in breeding programme. The characters like plant height, green pod yield per plant and dry pod yield per plant were found to contribute much to the total genetic divergence in cowpea.

scholarly journals Inheritance of gynoecism in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using genotype GBS-1 as gynoecious parent

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalidas Pati ◽  
Das Munshi ◽  
Kanti Behera
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Sex Expression ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Inheritance Pattern ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Monoecious Plant ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Plant Sex

The inheritance pattern of gynoecious sex expression in cucumber was studied by utilizing a gynoecious line (GBS-1) and two monoecious lines (Pusa Uday and Punjab Naveen). Crosses were made between gynoecious line (GBS-1) and monoecious lines (Pusa Uday and Punjab Naveen). The F1 and F2 population along with parental lines were evaluated to study the inheritance of this trait. All F1 hybrids showed gynoecious sex in both crosses and in the F2 generation, the observed distribution of plant phenotypes fitted the expected mendelian ratio of 3 (gynocious plant) : 1 (monoecious plant). The segregation of plant sex types suggested monogenic dominant control of gynoecious sex form in cucumber using genotype GBS-1.

Combining Ability Estimates in Arachis Hypogaea L. III. F2 Generation of Intra- and Intersubspecific Crosses1

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Wynne ◽  
J. O. Rawlings ◽  
D. A. Emery
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Ability Estimates ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Transgressive Segregants ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Botanical Varieties

Abstract A hybridization program was initiated to investigate the breeding potential of crosses among diverse peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) lines. Fifteen crosses in F2 generation generated by crossing six peanut lines representing Valencia, Virginia, and Spanish botanical varieties in diallel without reciprocals were used to estimate combining ability in drilled and space-planted tests. Estimates of both general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were significant for percent extra large kernels, percent sound mature kernels, kernels/kg, pod length, and yield measured in the drilled test. The GCA estimates were also significant for all characters measured in the space-planted test, while estimates of SCA were significant for five of the six characters. Estimates of GCA were of greater magnitude than SCA estimates for all characters except one. A Spanish line, C2, had the highest GCA effects for yield and sound mature kernels in both drilled and space-planted tests. Although most F2 cross means, especially for the intersubspecific crosses, were less than the midparent value, the presence of transgressive segregants indicated an opportunity for breeding improvement. The depression of F2 means probably resulted from recombination of genes responsible for adaptation of the parental lines. Comparison of results from the space-planted and drilled tests indicates that data from space-planted tests can provide useful information on the performance of crosses in early generation.

scholarly journals Kendali Genetik Karakter Morfologi dan Agronomi pada Tiga Populasi Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Trikoesoemaningtyas , ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Ery Leonardo Saragih ◽  
Erin Puspita Rini ◽  
Mayang Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Descent Method ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Single Seed Descent Method

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p>Sorghum is one of the potential foods with a higher protein content than rice. Sorghum seeds can be milled and cooked as sorghum rice. This study was aimed to obtain information on the inheritance of morphological and agronomic characters from the population derived from crosses of wide genetic background. The study consisted of the formation of F1 population and evaluation of morphological and agronomic characters in the segregated population (F2) of the three selected F1 genotypes. The location of the research was at IPB Experimental Field, Leuwikopo. The performance of the F1 genotypes were between the two parents, except for the yield components of PI-150-20-A x Numbu and PI-150-20-A x Kawali were higher than the parental lines. The performance of the F2 generation population was also between the parental lines, but with a wider distribution. The sorghum seed color is controlled not only by additive and dominant gene action, but also by epistatic gene action. The character of seed weight per panicle is controlled by epistatic gene action. In the F2 population of the crosses of PI-150-20-A x Numbu and PI-150-20-A x Kawali and PI-10-90-A x Numbu, the seed weight character is inherited with moderate heritability value. Based on genes action dan heritability, bulk or single seed descent method are suitable for yield improvement of the populations.<br /><br />Keywords: gene action, heritability, seed color, segregation, sorghum<br /><br /><br />

scholarly journals Postharvest shelf life of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutanats (nor and rin) and their hybrids

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456
Author(s):  
Dejan Cvikic ◽  
Jasmina Zdravkovic ◽  
Nenad Pavlovic ◽  
Sladjan Adzic ◽  
Mladen Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Variance Testing ◽  
Delayed Maturation ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Mutant Genes ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

Two tomato lines with normal maturation (NR-1 and NR-2) have been crossed with two mutant lines (NR-10 nor and NR-12 rin) with delayed maturation (shelf life). Determination of mutant genes has been done by ?2 test on 100 fruits from F2 generation. Fruits have been picked 65 days from antesis and kept for 60 days, when six evaluations have been done. Data have been collected every 10 days on parental lines and progeny F1 and F2 generation. Variance testing has been done on the basis of one- and two-factorial analysis and groups compared by contrasts. Fruits have been preserved in controlled conditions (in dark at 5?C). Tomato genotypes with nor or rin gene had desirable traits (delayed ripening, long shelf life and firm fruits) for modern selection, so they should be included in programmes aiming to create commercial F1 hybrids.

scholarly journals Combining Ability of Selected Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Parental Lines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gbemisola O. Otusanya ◽  
G. Chigeza ◽  
S. Chander ◽  
A.T. Abebe ◽  
O.O. Sobowale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Result Analysis ◽  
Hybridization Programme ◽  
Partial Diallel

Background: The success of hybridization programme depends on the combining ability of parental lines. Methods: Seven soybean genotypes and all their partial diallel crosses in the F2 generation were evaluated in a randomized complete block design at two locations in Nigeria, during the 2017-2018 growing season. Result: Analysis of variance showed that both environments and genotypes were significantly different for all measured traits. The genotype TGx 1988-5F was the best general combiner for earliness in flowering and poding, while TGx 1448-2E was the best general combiner for number of pods/plant and seed yield/plant. Crosses having significant and positive specific combining ability effect for number of pods/plant and seed yield/plant were TGx 1485-1D × TGx 1448-2E and TGx 1988-5F × TGx 1989-19F, respectively. Genotypes TGx 1988-5F and TGx 1448-2E exhibiting good general combining ability for earliness and seed yield/plant, are thus, promising for utilization in the future hybridization programme for soybean improvement.

scholarly journals A Note on the Earliness of Offspring from Crosses Among Five Short Growth-Duration Peanut Lines1

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N'Doye ◽  
O. D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Immature Fruit ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Generation Progeny ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation

Abstract Short growing seasons, such as those that occur in semi-arid regions of West Africa, prevent peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) from maturing properly. Immature fruit lowers peanut quality and yield, and enhances growth of toxin-producing molds during storage. Germplasm with expressed accelerated development for use as parents in developing early maturing (75 day) cultivars suited for production in those regions is limited. Information on the genetic variability for earliness among the very early maturing candidate parental lines is lacking. Five erect, early maturing peanut lines of diverse origin were crossed in diallel; and parent, F1, and F2 generation progeny from plantings on four dates were compared. Measures were made on a plant basis for the number of days from planting to emergence (DEMR), number of days to first (DONE), fifth (DFIV), tenth (DTEN), fifteenth (DFIFT), twentieth (DTWEN), and twenty-fifth (DTW5) flower; and, following early digging, for number of full-size pods (FULL), number of mature pods (NUMP), and percent mature pods (%MP). F2 segregates that emerged and flowered earlier than parental and F1 plants were noted. Coefficients of correlation for DEMR and flowers DONE to DTW5 with FULL, NUMP, and %MP were negative; the association being stronger with FULL and NUMP than with %MP. R values were highest for DTW5 with FULL and NUMP, and decreased progressively with lower flower numbers (longer time intervals between measures) which indicated that the developmental rate was not consistent among genotypes. Mean broad sense heritability estimates for the traits examined ranged from 36 to 45%. H estimates for specific reproductive stages on individual crosses ranged from 4 to 65%, but for no cross were the H values consistently high for all measures. Both general and specific combining abilities were insignificant. The frequency of F2 plants with FULL and NUMP extending the range of their parents was low. Opportunity for selection of recombinants that would produce large numbers of full-size and mature pods faster than that of the parental lines might be possible in some of the crosses. The extent of potential decrease in growth duration could not be estimated from this study.

scholarly journals In vitro Androgenesis of Some Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties and their F1, F2 Progenies and Combining Ability of Embryoid Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
M Hasan ◽  
J Pauk ◽  
Z Kertesz
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Polygenic Effect ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation

Six parental lines along with their F1 and F2 progenies were investigated for general combining ability (GCA) effects on embryo-like-structure (ELS) production in anther culture. Significant differences were found among the parents in respect to the ELS production. Evaluating the combining ability effects, among the female parents Alfold showed the best result in ELS production, while Palma was the best among the male lines. While comparing F1 and F2 generations, in most of the cases (except one) F2 generation was superior in ELS production. Polygenic effect plays a key role in such type of superiority in the F2 generation. The reason for such superiority may be due to the recombination of superior genes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18091 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 57 - 60, 2007

scholarly journals Epigenetic divergence is sufficient to trigger heterosis in Arabidopsis thaliana

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Lauss ◽  
René Wardenaar ◽  
Marieke H.A. van Hulten ◽  
Victor Guryev ◽  
Joost J.B Keurentjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Epigenetic Variation ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Differentially Methylated Regions ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Commercial Crop ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractDespite the importance and wide exploitation of heterosis in commercial crop breeding, the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon are not well understood. Interestingly, there is growing evidence that beside genetic also epigenetic factors contribute to heterosis. Here we used near-isogenic but epigenetically divergent parents to create epigenetic F1 hybrids (epiHybrids) in Arabidopsis, allowing us to quantify the contribution of epigenetics to heterosis. We measured traits such as leaf area (LA), growth rate (GR), flowering time (FT), main stem branching (MSB), rosette branching (RB) and final plant height (HT) and observed several strong positive and negative heterotic phenotypes among the epiHybrids. For LA and HT mainly positive heterosis was observed, while FT and MSB mostly displayed negative heterosis. Heterosis for FT, LA and HT could be associated with several heritable, differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the parental genomes. These DMRs contain 35 (FT and LA) and 14 (HT) genes, which may underlie the heterotic phenotypes observed. In conclusion, our study indicates that epigenetic divergence can be sufficient to cause heterosis.Author SummaryCrossing two genetically distinct parents generates hybrid offspring. Sometimes hybrids are performing better than their parents in particular traits and this is referred to as heterosis. Hybridization and heterosis are naturally occurring processes and crop breeders intentionally cross genetically different parental lines in order to generate hybrids with maximized traits such as yield or stress tolerance. So far, the mechanisms behind heterosis are not well understood. In this study we focused on the effect of epigenetic variation onto heterosis in hybrids, and for this purpose we created epigenetic hybrids (epiHybrids) by crossing wildtype plants with a selection of genetically very similar but epigenetically divergent lines. An extensive phenotypic analysis of the epiHybrids and their parental lines showed that epigenetic divergence between parental genomes can be a major determinant of heterosis. Importantly, multiple heterotic phenotypes could be associated with meiotically heritable differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the parental genomes, allowing us to map epigenetic quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heterosis. Our results indicate that epigenetic variation can contribute to heterosis and suggests that heritable epigenetic variation could be exploited for the improvement of crop traits.

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