The Utility of Beta 2 Microglobulin (B2M) as an Initial Diagnostic Tool for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): Evidence from a Malaysian Scenario

Background: The delay in diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a factor in rendering the poor prognosis, and recent research has explored the use of serum tumour markers such Beta 2 Microglobulin (B2M), to aid early diagnosis. However, despite a high incidence of OSCC in Southeast Asia, no studies on the clinical use of B2M in the region were found. Objectives: To determine if serum B2M level can serve as an initial diagnostic tool to indicate if a biopsy is warranted, and if so, to propose a local B2M serum reference value to identify OSSC patients. Methodology: Twenty-one patients were seen at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) for a one-year period, between June 2016 and June 2017, and equal number of healthy controls participated in the study. Apart from patient history, venous blood of approximately 5ml volume was collected from each subject at the pre-treatment stage and analysed by an Abbot ARCHITECT c8000 analyser using the immunoturbidimetry method. The results were analysed using ROC analysis and the Mann Whitney test. Results: Serum B2M levels showed a statistically significant increase (p<0.001) in patients compared to controls. The test was shown to have 90.5% sensitivity and 90.5% specificity. It was found to be a sensitive and specific serum tumour marker at a cut off value of 1.57mg/l to differentiate cases from controls. Conclusion: B2M is a sensitive and specific tumour marker to differentiate OSCC cases from controls. It is cost effective and minimally invasive, making it a potentially useful adjunct diagnostic tool in a high-risk patient pool. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(4) 2019 p.729-735

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Serum beta-2 microglobulin analysis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.4103/njms.njms_242_20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 227

Author(s):

Joyce Sequeira ◽

Shreya Sengupta ◽

Bhupendra Mhatre

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin

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A cross sectional study to compare serum beta 2 microglobulin levels in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20193114 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 2761

Author(s):

S. R. Kulkarni ◽

Yogesh Prakash Garud

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Group A ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Group B ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin

Background: One of the major health problems in the world is cancer. More than 11 million people are diagnosed yearly with cancer. Oral cancer is one of the deadliest cancers. Oral cancer is generally preceded by precancerous lesions. India has highest number of oral cancer patients. β2 microglobulin (β2 m) is one of the tumor markers.Methods: We are correlating serum levels of beta 2 microglobulin in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. In our study, the serum β2 m levels were estimated in 2 groups of 30 subjects each with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) designated as Group A, 30 subjects with oral leukoplakia designated as Group B.Results: There were majority of participants from age group of 51 to 70 years (Group A-60%, Group B-53.33%). Group A had majority of females 20 (66.67%) while males were 10 (33.33%). Group B had majority of males 18 (60.00%) while females were 12 (40.00%). Major adverse habit was tobacco chewing (83.33% Group A and 73.33% in group B). Most common site was Left BM. Right BM was second. There was significant association between the groups and serum β2 m levels. Mean levels of Group A patients were 3.13±0.47 mg/L and Group B 1.43±0.29 mg/L.Conclusions: Adverse habits like tobacco chewing, smoking and alcohol increase chances of oral cancers and precancerous lesions. Significant correlation between oral cell carcinoma cases and serum β2 m levels is seen.

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