scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Laboratory Tests to Diagnose Helicobacter pylori Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Shahin Ul Islam ◽  
Shamsun Nahar ◽  
Mst Naznin Sarker ◽  
ASM Salimullah ◽  
Mohammad Asadur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram negative bacteria which causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, primary B-cell gastric lymphoma, and adenocarcinoma of the stomach. There are a set of laboratory tests to diagnose H. pylori infection with a variable accuracy, they are divided into non-invasive tests and invasive tests. Non-invasive tests include serology, urea breath test (UBT) and stool antigen test (SAT). Invasive tests include rapid urease test (RUT), histology and culture. This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and H. pylori laboratory of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) from July 2008 to September 2009 to evaluate the efficacy of RUT, SAT and Culture as a diagnostic tool for H. pylori. Dyspeptic patients were collected from outpatient department of BSMMU. Out of 224 dyspeptic patients 149 patients had ulcers or erosions in the stomach or duodenum. Stool sample could be collected from 139 patients. RUT has sensitivity of 100%, specificity 80.28%, positive predictive value 85% and negative predictive value 100%. Regarding culture, sensitivity is 100%, specificity 94.37%, positive predictive value 95% and negative predictive value 100%. Stool antigen test has sensitivity 95.94%, specificity 92.31%,positive predictive value 93% and negative predictive value 95%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v8i1.16890 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2013;8(1): 11-14

scholarly journals Evaluation of a stool antigen test using a mAb for native catalase for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 1621-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumi Okuda ◽  
Takako Osaki ◽  
Shogo Kikuchi ◽  
Junko Ueda ◽  
Yingsong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori

Non-invasive diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is important not only for screening of infection but also for epidemiological studies. Stool antigen tests are non-invasive and are convenient to identify H. pylori infection, particularly in children. We evaluated the stool antigen test, which uses a mAb for native catalase of H. pylori developed in Japan. A total of 151 stool samples were collected from participants (52 children and 99 adults) of the Sasayama Cohort Study and stored between −30 and −80 °C. The stool antigen test used was Testmate pylori antigen (TPAg), and was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Furthermore, we conducted a quantitative real-time PCR test and compared the PCR results with those of the TPAg test. When compared with the results in real-time PCR, the sensitivity of TPAg was 89.5 % overall, 82.7 % for children and 92.4 % for adults, and the specificity was 100 %. The accuracy was 93.4 % overall, 90.4 % for children and 94.9 % for adults, and there was no significant difference in the accuracy of TPAg between children and adults. Five of 28 children (18 %) and five of 38 adults (13 %) were PCR positive with negative TPAg results. Four of five children with positive PCR and negative TPAg results were given a 13C-urea breath test and all four children tested negative. No significant correlation was observed between the TPAg results and DNA numbers of H. pylori in faeces among children or adults. A stool antigen test (TPAg) using a mAb for native catalase is useful for diagnosis of H. pylori in children and adults. Additionally, this test has particularly high specificity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Rapid stool antigen test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Salma Khatun ◽  
Fahmida Rahman ◽  
Khandaker Shadia ◽  
Indrajit Kumar Dutta ◽  
Mohammad Nazmul Hoq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
H Pylori

Background and objectives: Several diagnostic assays are used for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in suspected peptic ulcer cases. H. pylori stool antigen test is a non-invasive method for the detection of active infection. The present study has evaluated the efficacy of rapid stool antigen test to diagnose H. pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia.Materials and methods: Adult patients with complains of dyspepsia attending the Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases (GHPD) of BIRDEM hospital for endoscopy were included. Gastric biopsy, blood and stool samples were obtained from each participant after informed written consent. Rapid urease test (RUT), serum H. pylori immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG and rapid H. pylori stool antigen (HpSAg) tests were performed. Only stool samples were obtained from 31 neonates aged 1 to 30 days as negative control for HpSAg test.Results: A total of 91 adult patients with complain of dyspepsia were included in the study. Out of 91 cases, 17 (18.7%) and 74 (81.3%) had peptic ulcer and erosion respectively. HpSAg was positive in 63.7% cases compared to 42.9% and 62.6% respectively by RUT and IgA. The rate of HpSAg positivity was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ulcer compared to erosion cases. HpSAg test was positive in all (100%) RUT positive cases. Combination of HpSAg test and IgA yielded highest positive result in both ulcer (82.4%) and erosion (84%) cases. H. pylori IgG was positive in all cases.Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that HpSAg test is an effective and non-invasive diagnostic tool to detect active H. pylori infection in suspected dyspeptic patients.IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(2): 39-44

scholarly journals Non-invasive stool antigen test for screening of Helicobacter pylori infection and assessing efficacy of treatment in patients with peptic ulcer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Rezina Karim ◽  
SM Moslehuddin Ahmed ◽  
Fahmida Begum
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
World Population ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment

Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common infections in humans, with an estimated 50% of the world population being infected.  The infection is strongly associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, adenocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of stomach. The prevalence of infection is high in developing countries, demanding a reliable diagnostic and treatment method. The present study was designed to investigate the monoclonal antibody-based H. Pylori stool antigen test to screen H. pylori infection and assess efficacy of treatment in patients with peptic ulcer. A total of 89 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from July 2007 to June 2008 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh were included in the study. Endoscopic findings showed that out of 89 patients, 54 (60.7%) had duodenal ulcers, 24 (27%) had antral erosion and 5 (5.6%) had gastric ulcers. With RUT (rapid urease test) and histopathology of biopsy samples of 89 patients, 78 (87.6%) patients were found to be H. pylori positive. Stool antigen test was positive in 72 (92.3%) out of 78 H. pylori positive patients. The monoclonal stool antigen test (SAT) revealed 92.3% sensitivity and specificity of 100% before treatment. Among 52 follow-up patients (after treatment), 5 (9.6%) patients were detected positive by histology, RUT and stool antigen test, and 35 (67.3%) patients were negative by 3 tests. So the monoclonal SAT revealed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity after treatment. The monoclonal stool antigen test is highly sensitive and a specific tool for diagnosis of H. pylori infection before therapy and can assess the success of eradication after therapy. It also offers the advantage of specificity and reliability over the invasive test.  It is easy and quick to use, non-invasive and does not require any special technology.South East Asia J Public Health | Jan-June 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 1 | 28-33 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i1.15262

scholarly journals Histopathological Changes in Helicobacter pylori Associated Gastritis and Scope of Special Stain and Immunohistochemistry as Diagnostic Aids

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (50) ◽  
pp. 3027-3032
Author(s):  
Ruby Elizabeth Elias ◽  
Bindiya Gisuthan ◽  
Sreeganesh A.S
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
P Value ◽  
Special Stain ◽  
Frequent Finding ◽  
H Pylori

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori associated chronic gastritis plays a vital role in the development of majority of gastric adenocarcinomas and most gastric MALT (Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue) lymphomas. Many diagnostic methods are available for the identification of this organism. However, in gastroenterology practice, histopathological examination of biopsy samples provides visual identification of the pathogen and the associated mucosal changes with special stains like Giemsa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three stains H & E- (Haematoxylin and Eosin), Giemsa and IHC (Immunohistochemistry) in the identification of H. pylori. Associated histologic changes were noted and the relationship between the degree of colonisation and the activity and chronicity of gastritis were analysed. METHODS 585 gastric biopsies taken from dyspeptic patients were evaluated for gastritis, based on updated Sydney System. In 250 randomly selected cases, three staining methods were used. RESULTS Out of 585 cases, 413 (70.60 %) had features of chronic gastritis. Mild chronic gastritis was the commonest finding and is seen in most cases of mild H. pylori colonisation. When activity was monitored, mild activity was the most frequent finding [225 (38.46 %)]. Majority of the severe activity cases showed severe H. pylori colonisation. 13.16 %, 4.79 % and 7.35 % showed intestinal metaplasia, atrophy and dysplastic changes respectively. Out of 250 cases, H & E and Giemsa stains showed 45.6 % and 57.2 % positivity while IHC demonstrated maximum number of positivity (156 cases - 62.4 %). Sensitivity and specificity of H & E was found to be 77.90 % and 98.95 %, positive predictive value was 99.13 % and negative predictive value was 69.18 %. For Giemsa stain, sensitivity was 91.67 %, specificity was 100 %, positive predictive value was 100 % and negative predictive value was 87.85 %. DISCUSSION H. pylori gastritis was a frequent finding in dyspeptic patients in southern part of India. When chi-square test was done, a significant statistical relationship between the severity of H. pylori colonisation, activity and chronicity of gastritis was noted. P value was < 0.001. With the use of special stain, Giemsa and ancillary techniques like IHC, the detection rate of H. pylori was enhanced considerably. CONCLUSIONS With increasing number of H. pylori in the mucosa, there was increase in the chronicity and activity of gastritis. Although immunohistochemistry revealed more cases of H. pylori, Giemsa can be a cost-effective substitute, because of its high specificity and positive predictive value. KEYWORDS H. pylori Gastritis, Giemsa, Haematoxylin and Eosin Stain, Immunohistochemistry

scholarly journals Investigating the Efficacy of Triple Drug Therapy and Sequential Drug Therapy in the Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori with Respect to Antigen Stool test: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
R. Shrestha ◽  
R. Poudel ◽  
S. Shakya ◽  
R.B. Gurung ◽  
R. Makaju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Sequential Therapy ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori

Background Helicobacter pylori is one of the most prevalent infectious disease worldwide. The treatment regimens involve mainly two therapies: Standard Triple drug therapy and Sequential drug therapy. Several studies have shown that the sequential therapy has higher eradication rates of H. pylori than the standard triple drug therapy and since proper study on sequential drug therapy and standard triple drug therapy is still lacking in Nepal, this study is attempted to compare efficacy of Sequential Drug Therapy in the eradication of H. pylori in gastritis with respect to the Standard triple drug therapy. Objective To investigate the efficacy of Triple Drug Therapy and Sequential Drug Therapy in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori with respect to Antigen Stool test. Method This study was the prospective study conducted in 62 patients attending the Department of Gastroenterology, Dhulikhel Hospital, meeting the inclusion criteria who were confirmed as H. pylori positive by histopathology and stool antigen test. Patients were randomized into two groups. One group prescribed with Standard triple drug regimen and another group with Sequential drug regimen. Eradication of H. pylori infection was confirmed by repeating the stool antigen test at least five weeks after the completion of the regimen. Result Among the 62 participants included in this study, 54.5% of them were males. Among the study population, the eradication achieved by standard triple drug therapy was 87.8% and 89.6% with Sequential drug therapy. Higher numbers (82.3%) of patients were compliant to the prescribed medication. Forgetfulness was the main reason for missing the dose (91%) of the non-compliant patients. Conclusion The study revealed an equal efficacy of both Standard Triple drug regimen and Sequential drug regimen in the eradication of H. pylori infection. Further, Stool antigen test can be preferred as a non-invasive test, for diagnosis of H. pylori infection, monitoring the response to treatment and in epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals The Use of 13C-Urea Breath Test for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Comparison to Endoscopy and Stool Antigen Test

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Hamed Alzoubi ◽  
Asma’a Al-Mnayyis ◽  
Ibrahim Al rfoa ◽  
Amin Aqel ◽  
Mohammad Abu-Lubad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breath Test ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
13C Urea Breath Test ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can cause gastritis, peptic ulcer diseases and gastric carcinoma. Endoscopy as the gold standard method of diagnosis is an invasive procedure that might not be suitable in all scenarios. Therefore, this first study in Jordan aimed to assess the non-invasive 13C urea breath test (UBT) and stool antigen test for diagnosis of H. pylori infection and the successfulness of eradication therapy as alternatives for endoscopy. Hence, a total of 30 patients attending the endoscopy units at Alkarak teaching hospital were asked to complete a questionnaire with demographic and clinical data. They were then tested for H. pylori using 13C UBT and H. pylori stool antigen before having endoscopy. Another 30 patients who were positive for H. pylori by endoscopy were tested using both tests 6 weeks post eradication therapy. Results showed that the rate of H. pylori detection using endoscopy was 56.7% (17/30). Heartburns (82.3%, p value = 0.019), epigastric pain (88.2%, p value = 0.007) and vomiting (70.5%, p value = 0.02) were the most significant symptoms. Family history of peptic ulcer diseases was significantly associated with an increased risk for having a H. pylori positive result (p value = 0.02). Compared to endoscopy, the sensitivity of 13C UBT for the diagnosis of H. pylori was 94.1% (16/17), while it was 76.5% (13/17) for the stool antigen test. The specificity of both tests was equal (76.9%). However, the positive predictive and negative predictive values (84.2% and 90.9%) for 13C UBT were higher than those (81.3% and 71.4%) for the stool antigen test. The accuracy of 13C UBT was 86.7% compared to 76.7% for the stool antigen test. There was an 87% agreement (20 patients out of 23) between both tests when used to assess success of the eradication therapy. In conclusion, the 13C UBT was found to be more sensitive and accurate than the stool antigen test when used for diagnosis; furthermore, it has a comparable outcome to the stool antigen test in assessing the successfulness of the eradication treatment.

scholarly journals Validation of a rapid stool antigen test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Matie Kinoshita da Silva ◽  
Cibele Aparecida Villares ◽  
Maria do Socorro Monteiro ◽  
Carlos Colaúto ◽  
Anibal Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Infection Diagnosis ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori

The aim of this study was to validate the rapid lateral flow Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (One step H. pylori antigen test, ACON laboratories, San Diego, USA; Prime diagnostics, São Paulo), using 13C-Urea Breath Test as the gold standard for H. pylori infection diagnosis. A total of 98 consecutive patients, asymptomatic or dyspeptic, entered the study. Sixty-nine were women, with a mean age of 45.76 ± 14.59 years (14 to 79 years). In the H. pylori-positive group, the rapid stool antigen test detected H. pylori antigen in 44 of the 50 positive patients (sensitivity 88%; 95% CI: 75.7-95.5%), and six false-negative; and in the H. pylori-negative group 42 presented negative results (specificity 87.5%; 95% CI: 74.7-95.3%), and six false-positive, showing a substantial agreement (Kappa Index = 0.75; p < 0.0001; 95% CI: 0.6-0.9). Forty four of fifty patients that had positive stool antigen were H. pylori-positive, the PPV of the stool antigen test was 88% (95% CI: 75.7-95.5%), and 42 patients with negative stool antigen test were H. pylori-negative, the NPV of the stool antigen test was 87.5% (95% CI: 74.7-95.3%). We conclude that the lateral flow stool antigen test can be used as an alternative to breath test for H. pylori infection diagnosis especially in developing countries.

The accuracy of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test in diagnosing H. pylori in treated and untreated patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolaas L. Arents ◽  
Anton A. van Zwet ◽  
Jacob C. Thijs ◽  
Albertine de Jong ◽  
Marco Oudkerk Pool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori
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