scholarly journals Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Tipu Sultan ◽  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Shahana Begum
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Genotype Data ◽  
The World

Hepatitis C virus is a significant healthcare problem, affecting more than 170 million people worldwide and as many as 4 million new infections occur annually. Incidence rates across the world fluctuate and are difficult to calculate given the asymptomatic, often latent nature of the disease prior to clinical presentation. Of those exposed to HCV, 80% become chronically infected, and at least 30% of carriers develop chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV infection also increases the number of complications in persons who are co-infected with HIV. This article reviews an overview of the prevalence, genotype data, transmission risk and prevention. DOI:10.3329/jbcps.v27i3.4294 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2009; 27: 160-165

Mechanisms of Liver Injury. III. Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (5) ◽  
pp. G847-G851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinah Choi ◽  
J.-H. James Ou
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of viral hepatitis that can progress to hepatic fibrosis, steatosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. HCV infection is characterized by a systemic oxidative stress that is most likely caused by a combination of chronic inflammation, iron overload, liver damage, and proteins encoded by HCV. The increased generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, together with the decreased antioxidant defense, promotes the development and progression of hepatic and extrahepatic complications of HCV infection. This review discusses the possible mechanisms of HCV-induced oxidative stress and its role in HCV pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Association of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) With Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Versus Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection Among Different Asian Subgroups

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. S-924-S-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillary Lin ◽  
Nghiem B. Ha ◽  
Deawodi Ladzekpo ◽  
Aijaz Ahmed ◽  
Walid Ayoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Testing Strategy To Identify Cases of Acute Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection and To Project HCV Incidence Rates

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Page-Shafer ◽  
B. L. Pappalardo ◽  
L. H. Tobler ◽  
B. H. Phelps ◽  
B. R. Edlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Acute Hepatitis C ◽  
Testing Strategy

scholarly journals Successful Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus with Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents after Liver Transplantation for Hepatitis C Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Nagao ◽  
Kazunori Nakasone ◽  
Tatsuji Maeshiro ◽  
Nao Nishida ◽  
Kanae Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Oral Lichen Planus ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Oral Lichen

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is frequently associated with various extrahepatic manifestations, such as autoimmune features and immune complex deposit diseases. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one such extrahepatic manifestation of HCV infection. Recently, direct-acting antivirals (DAA) have proved to be highly effective and safe for the eradication of HCV. Herein, we report a case of OLP accompanied by HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that disappeared after liver transplantation and achievement of sustained virological response following interferon (IFN)-free treatment with ledipasvir (LDV) and sofosbuvir (SOF). The 50-year-old patient developed erosive OLP during IFN therapy, with hyperthyroidism at 53 years of age and HCC at 55 years. He received immunosuppressive drugs and IFN-free DAA treatment after liver transplantation at 60 years of age, which led to disappearance of the symptoms of OLP. The patient was treated safely and effectively with LDV/SOF, although it is not known whether the disappearance of OLP resulted from the eradication of HCV or the immunosuppressive therapy.

scholarly journals New Therapies for Hepatitis C Virus

PRILOZI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
Hari Polenakovik
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Duration Of Therapy ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the major etiologic agent of "non-A, non-B hepatitis" was discovered 26 years ago. Even before its discovery, interferon-α (IFN) was already being used for treatment of this infection. The next two decades saw a series of incremental improvements of the IFN therapies by extending the duration of therapy, using IFN in combination with oral ribavirin, using pegylated IFN with ribavirin, and most recently adding oral compounds that inhibit the HCV replication (directly acting antivirals - DAAs) to that regimen. DAAs target multiple steps in the HCV life cycle and are now used in combination to treat HCV infection without the need of IFN. These IFN-free, oral DAAs regimens are highly efficacious, have minimal toxicity and are given for short duration. Approved DAAs can cure more then 90% of persons with chronic HCV infection, thereby reducing the risk of death from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, these drugs are very expensive, and currently their exorbitant cost significantly restricts the access to this therapy for many HCV infected patients.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Enhances the Invasiveness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via EGFR-Mediated Invadopodia Formation and Activation

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninio ◽  
Nissani ◽  
Meirson ◽  
Domovitz ◽  
Genna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Invadopodia Formation

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third cause of cancer-related mortality. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis, which often results in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventually HCC. HCV is the most common risk factor for HCC in western countries and leads to a more aggressive and invasive disease with poorer patient survival rates. However, the mechanism by which the virus induces the metastatic spread of HCC tumor cells through the regulation of invadopodia, the key features of invasive cancer, is still unknown. Here, the integration of transcriptome with functional kinome screen revealed that HCV infection induced invasion and invadopodia-related gene expression combined with activation of host cell tyrosine kinases, leading to invadopodia formation and maturation and consequent cell invasiveness in vitro and in vivo. The promotion of invadopodia following HCV infection was mediated by the sustained stimulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) via the viral NS3/4A protease that inactivates the T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP), which inhibits EGFR signaling. Characterization of an invadopodia-associated gene signature in HCV-mediated HCC tumors correlated with the invasiveness of HCC and poor patient prognosis. These findings might lead to new prognostic and therapeutic strategies for virus-mediated invasive cancer.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Characteristics of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Northern Region of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327481986279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Quang Le ◽  
Van Hieu Nguyen ◽  
Van Hung Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Long Nguyen ◽  
Staci L. Sudenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Advanced Hcc ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Southern Vietnam has been well reported as in Globocan 2018 while data from the North has still not been fully presented. Therefore, we conducted this retrospective descriptive study on 198 advanced HCC patients treated at 3 major hospitals in Northern Vietnam to describe demographic features, HCC risk factors, and correlation among them in patients with advanced HCC. This information will lead to prevention efforts and provide information for allocating funds for treatment. The median age at diagnosis was 57 years (range: 19-86) and the male/female ratio was 8.9/1. The proportions of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were 81.3% and 5.6%, respectively. Hepatitis C virus infection rate was significantly higher in patients <50 years old (12.5% vs 3.3%, P = .016). There was no significant difference in age or viral hepatitis infection status by gender. Only 7.6% of patients diagnosed with advanced HCC were asymptomatic. In conclusion, with the high rate of HBV infection among patients with advanced HCC, it is necessary for increasing prevention efforts in HBV screening. Furthermore, HCV infection should be noticed in patients with advanced HCC younger than 50 years old.

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