Analgesic Effects of Thiamine in Male Long Evans Rats

Background: The concept of analgesic effects of thiamine along with other B vitamins has been supported since long by various clinical and experimental evidences, though effects of individual thiamine on pain are yet to be clearly demonstrated.Objective: To assess the effects of increasing doses of thiamine supplementation on pain.Methods: Forty-eight (48) male Long Evans rats (200±20 gm) were given thiamine (100, 200, 250, mg/kg/day; experimental) or normal saline (5 ml/kg/day; control) intraperitonealy (i.p) for 7 consecutive days. The analgesic activity was evaluated by three experimental pain models, hot (52±0.50C) water tail immersion test, the interphase (6th-15th minutes) of formalin (50?l, 2.5%, subcutaneous) test and acetic acid (2%, i.p) induced writhing test. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test and p?0.05 was considered as significant.Results: In tail immersion test, %MPE significantly increased after 200 (p?0.05) and 250 (p?0.001) mg/kg of thiamine. In the formalin test, thiamine significantly lowered the jerking frequency (p?0.05, p?0.001, p?0.001, respectively) and duration of flexing and licking (p?0.001, in all doses), compared to control. In addition, in writhing test, significant increment in latency of appearance of 1st writhe (p?0.001, in higher 2 doses) and significant decrement in frequency of writhes (p?0.01, p?0.001, p?0.001, respectively, in all doses) were observed.Conclusion: The results of this study conclude that, repetitive administration of thiamine may cause alleviation of pain through central as well as peripheral inhibitory mechanisms, which is dose dependent as well.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2017, June; 12(1): 1-9

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Study of analgesic effect of earthworm extract

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20171554 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wei Luo ◽

Zhen-han Deng ◽

Rui Li ◽

Guo Cheng ◽

Ronak Naveenchandra Kotian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Threshold ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Immersion Test ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Writhing Test ◽

Inhibition Ratio ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Tail Immersion ◽

Long Time ◽

Major Clinical Problem

Pain represents a major clinical problem and one which has exercised generations of healthcare professionals. Earthworms are used as a traditional Chinese medicine, and have been applied pharmacologically and clinically since a long time in China. However, the analgesic effects of earthworm extract (EE) are seldom studied. Hence, we evaluated the analgesic effects of EE in mice. The obtained data showed that EE increased pain threshold and exhibited peripheral but not central analgesic effects in mice; evidenced by increased inhibition ratio in acetic acid writhing test and formalin test, whereas only slight increase in inhibition ratio in hot plate test and tail immersion test. In addition, EE decreased serum norepinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) concentration, similar to other analgesic drugs like morphine and aspirin. In a nutshell, the obtained data have demonstrated that EE has peripheral analgesic properties and could be used as a promising analgesic drug.

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Assessment of the antioxidant, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant and anxiolytic activities of leaf extracts and fractions of Tetracera sarmentosa (L.) Vahl

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0173 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 81-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mir Muhammad Nasir Uddin ◽

Mohammad Shah Hafez Kabir ◽

Mahmud Hasan ◽

Zobaer Al Mahmud ◽

N. M. Mahmudul Alam Bhuiya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flowering Plant ◽

Clot Lysis ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Immersion Method ◽

Pure Ethanol ◽

Thrombolytic Activity ◽

Writhing Test ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Tail Immersion ◽

Anti Inflammatory

AbstractBackground:The plant under investigation (Tetracera sarmentosa) is a dicotyledonous flowering plant and belongs to the family Dilleniaceae. The goal of our investigation was to determine whether the leaf extracts of this plant held any significant medicinal properties.Methods:Leaves ofT. sarmentosawere extracted with pure ethanol (EETS) and methanol (METS), and then methanol extract fractioned withn-hexane (NHFMETS) and chloroform (CHFMETS). The extracts and fractions were tested for antioxidant activity, which was measured by using qualitative and quantitative procedures. Thrombolytic activity was evaluated by the clot lysis test. Analgesic activity was evaluated employing the acidic acid-induced writhing test, the formalin-induced paw licking test and tail immersion on Swiss albino mice. The anti-inflammatory activity test was studied using the paw edema test. Forced swimming, tail suspension, elevated plus maze and hole board model tests were used to evaluate neuropharmacological activity.Results:All the extracts and fractions possessed antioxidant effects. All the extracts, fractions and streptokinase exhibited significant (p<0.0001) clot lysis. The extracts and fractions produced significant analgesic effects as evaluated by the acetic acid writhing test, the formalin-induced paw licking test and the tail immersion method. Similarly, carrageenan-induced inflammation was significantly antagonized by the treatments. The extracts and fractions also significantly showed neuropharmacological (antidepressant and anxiolytic) effects.Conclusions:The overall results suggested that this plant deserves further investigation to isolate the active compounds which are responsible for these activities and to establish the mechanism of action.

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Comparison of antinociceptive effect of the antiepileptic drug gabapentin to that of various dosage combinations of gabapentin with lamotrigine and topiramate in mice and rats

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.4103/0976-3147.83577 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 02 (02) ◽

pp. 130-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Keshab Raj Paudel ◽

SK Bhattacharya ◽

GP Rauniar ◽

BP Das

Keyword(s):

Pain Perception ◽

Late Phase ◽

Antinociceptive Effect ◽

Experimental Pain ◽

Mechanical Hyperalgesia ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Pain Models ◽

Antinociceptive Effects

ABSTRACT Introduction: Newer anticonvulsants have a neuromodulatory effect on pain perception mechanisms in a hyperexcitable and damaged nervous system. Aim: This study was designed to study the analgesic effects of gabapentin alone and in combination with lamotrigine and topiramate in experimental pain models. Materials and Methods: Adult albino mice (n = 490) weighing 20–30 g and rats (n = 130) weighing 100–200 g were injected intraperitoneally with gabapentin, lamotrigine, and topiramate alone and in different dose combinations. The hot-plate method, tail-flick method, capsaicin-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, and formalin assay were used to assess the antinociceptive effects. Results: Of the three antiepileptic drugs, when given separately, gabapentin was more efficacious than either topiramate or lamotrigine in all the pain models. Combination of 25 mg/kg gabapentin with 25 mg/kg topiramate was more efficacious (P <.05) than 50 mg/kg gabapentin alone in the capsaicin-induced mechanical hyperalgesia test. Similarly, 50 mg/kg gabapentin with 50 mg/kg topiramate or 5 mg/kg lamotrigine was more efficacious (P <.05) than 50 or 100 mg/kg gabapentin alone in late-phase formalin-induced behaviors. Conclusions: Combination of gabapentin with either lamotrigine or topiramate produced better results than gabapentin alone in capsaicin-induced mechanical hyperalgesia test and in late-phase formalin-induced behaviors.

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The analgesic effects of interferential therapy on two experimental pain models: cold and mechanically induced pain

Physiotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.physio.2005.09.007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 95-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Fiona J. McManus ◽

Alex R. Ward ◽

Val J. Robertson

Keyword(s):

Experimental Pain ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Pain Models ◽

Interferential Therapy

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Vitamin B12 and ketorolac on pain in Long Evans rats

Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist ◽

10.3329/jbsp.v11i2.30653 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 63-69

Author(s):

Md Mizanur Rahman ◽

Noorzahan Begum ◽

Taskina Ali ◽

Mahadi Abdur Rouf ◽

Shahriar Masood

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Inflammatory Pain ◽

Formalin Test ◽

Late Phase ◽

Total Duration ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Long Evans ◽

The Right ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Medical University

Background: Effects of vitamin B12 on pain have been demonstrated in different animal and human studies. But comparison of these effects with similar effects of ketorolac tromethamine (KT) and their combination have not been established.Objective: To assess the effects of vitamin B12 on pain and also to compare them with those of the combinations of vitamin B12 with KT in rat models.Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from March 2015 to February 2016. For this, 20 (twenty) Long Evans rats (215±35 gm) of both sexes were divided into control (A, with 5 ml/kg normal saline) and experimental (B1, with 15 mg/kg B12; B2, with 10 mg/kg KT; B3, with B12+KT) groups with 5 rats in each group. All the drugs and vitamin were administered intraperitoneally in a single dose just one hour before formalin test. To evaluate the treatments effect on nociceptive pain, early phase (1st- 5th minutes); on central analgesic system, interphase (6th-15th minutes); and on inflammatory pain, late phase (16th-60th minutes) of the formalin test, were observed. In all phases, total frequency of jerking and total duration of flexing and licking of the right hind paw were counted after administration of subcutaneous formalin (50 ?l, 2.5%) injection. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. In the interpretation of results, p?0.05 was considered as significant.Results: B12 lowered only the jerking frequency and KT lowered both jerking frequency and flexinglicking duration significantly (p?0.001) in the late phase of formalin test. On the other hand, combination of B12 and KT significantly (p?0.001) lowered both the study variables in all 3 phases of formalin test.Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that, vitamin B12 possess analgesic effects and combination of B12 with KT is more effective than those of their individual administration.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2016, December; 11(2): 63-69

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Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Diethyl Ether and n-Hexane Extract of Polyalthia suberosa Leaves

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/5617234 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nelufar Yasmen ◽

Md. Abdullah Aziz ◽

Afsana Tajmim ◽

Mst. Irin Akter ◽

Amit Kumar Hazra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Diethyl Ether ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Immersion Test ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Writhing Test ◽

Ear Edema ◽

Tail Immersion ◽

Hexane Extracts ◽

Anti Inflammatory

In folk medicine, Polyalthia suberosa is used as abortifacient, laxative, febrifuge analgesic, filler of tooth cavities, and anti-HIV drug and for rheumatism and various skin infections. The present study was directed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of diethyl ether and n-hexane extracts of Polyalthia suberosa leaves (PSDE and PSNH). A variety of tests including formalin-induced paw licking test, acetic acid induced writhing test, and tail immersion test were used to assess the analgesic activity. In addition, xylene-induced ear edema test was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of PSDE and PSNH. PSDE and PSNH at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses expressed analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory activities in mice. In formalin-induced paw licking test, acetic acid induced writhing test, and xylene-induced ear edema test, the extracts exhibited significant inhibition (P⁎<0.05 versus control) of pain and inflammation. Alternatively, in tail immersion test, PSDE 400 mg/kg showed significant (P⁎<0.05 versus control) latency at 30 min but another tested sample had no significant latency. From this study, it could be shown that Polyalthia suberosa leaves may contain analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents which support its use in traditional medicine.

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Antinociceptive and antipyretic activities of Amaranthus viridis Linn. in different experimental models

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1002397k ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 397-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ashok Kumar ◽

K. Lakshman ◽

K.N. Jayaveera ◽

Sheshadri Shekar ◽

C. Vivek

Keyword(s):

Immersion Test ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Writhing Test ◽

Antipyretic Activity ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Tail Immersion ◽

Editorial Decision ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Font Color

The methanolic extract of the whole plant extract of Amaranthus viridis L (MEAV) was screened for antinociceptive activity using the acetic acid writhing test, hot plate test and tail immersion test in mice and for antipyretic activity using the yeast-induced pyrexia method in rats, at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. Significant (p<0.01) dose-dependent antinociceptive and antipyretic properties were observed with 200 and 400 mg/kg. Detected autoplagiarism. Link to the Editorial Decision <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ABS1004251U">10.2298/ABS1004251U</a>

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Effects of Dacryodes edulis Leaf Extract on Pain and Inflammation

Journal of Basic and Social Pharmacy Research ◽

10.52968/27458154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

C.N. Okwesileze ◽

◽

G.A. Essiet ◽

I.C. Okwesileze ◽

F.V. Udoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Latency Period ◽

Immersion Test ◽

Writhing Test ◽

Paw Oedema ◽

Animal Research Ethics ◽

Tail Immersion ◽

Dose Study ◽

Ear Oedema ◽

Dacryodes Edulis

Background: Dacryodes edulis leaf extract is used in traditional settings in management of many disease conditions including pain and inflammation. However, these empirical claims have not been evaluated scientifically. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Dacryodes edulis on pain and inflammation using rodents. Materials and Methods: Writhing test using acetic acid for induction of pain and tail-immersion in temperature controlled water were used to study the effect on pain sensation while xylene-induced ear oedema and carrageenan-induced paw oedema were used for the effect of Dacryodes edulis on inflammation. Male mice divided into seven groups and three different doses of extract viz,100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg based on the results of the acute toxicity study and the mean effective dose study, ED50 were used for the study. Ethical approval was obtained from the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar Animal Research Ethics Committee with number: 012PA31116. Results: 400mg/kg extract showed significant analgesic activity having 75% inhibition of pain in the writhing test while aspirin showed 80% inhibition of pain. The extract also significantly (p<0.05) prolonged flick latency period comparable to morphine in tail immersion test. The extract caused 72% inhibition of xylene induced ear oedema compared to 91% of dexamethasone. Similarly it showed comparable activity (p<0.05) with aspirin in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema. Conclusion: Dacryodes edulis leaf extract has activity against pain and inflammation. This validates its application in management of inflammation and pain in local settings.

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