scholarly journals Microscopic study on the shape of pineal calcification of Bangladeshi cadavers

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Afroz ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Mushfika Rahman ◽  
Hosna Ara Perven
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Irregular Shape ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Age Related Changes

Context: The degree of calcification increases from younger to older in human pineal gland and the morphology of pineal calcifications change with advancing age as well. The aim of the present study was to describe the microscopic features of the pineal calcifications and find out age related changes in a Bangladeshi population. Methods: A descriptive type of study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, from July 2009 to June 2010, based on the collection of 60 human pineal glands from whole human brains of unclaimed dead bodies that were under postmortem examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. After collection of the pineal gland, those were divided into group A (15-45 years), group B (31-40 years), group C (41-50 years) and group D (>50 years). All the histological slides from different groups were observed under the light compound microscope and their shapes were noted down. Results: In group A, 53.33% were found to be round, 40% oval and 6.67% of irregular shape. In group B, there were 45.46% round, 40.90% oval and 13.64% of irregular shape. In group C, there were 75% of irregular shape, 21.47% mulberry shaped and 3.53% oval. In group D, there were 80.65% mulberry shaped and 19.35% of irregular shaped. Conclusion: Age related changes were found in morphological features of pineal calcification. In young adults, the shape of the pineal calcification remains round or oval. With increasing age, it becomes irregular and mulberry shaped. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i2.21526 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No.2, October, 2013, Page 151-155

scholarly journals Microscopic Study on the Diameter of the Pineal Calcification of Bangladeshi Cadavers

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Halima Afroz ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Mushfika Rahman ◽  
Tahamida Yesmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Age Related Changes

Context: The human pineal gland is characterized by the presence of calcified concretions, called ‘pineal acervuli’ or brain sand. These are basophilic extracellular bodies. The study was carried out to describe the microscopic features of pineal calcifications and to find out age related changes. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive type of study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2009 to June 2010. Materials: 60 postmortem human pineal glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. Methods: The samples were divided into four different age groups, i.e. Group-A (15-30 years), Group-B (31-40 years), Group-C (41-50 years) and Group-D (>50 years). Histological study was carried out on relatively 27 fresh samples. Results: The mean diameter of the pineal calcifications were 351.14±111.69 ?m in group A, 600.00±232.69 ?m in group B, 909.43±124.18 ?m in group C and 1541.67±224.54 ?m in group D. The differences in diameter of the pineal calcifications between group A & C, A & D, B & C, B & D and C & D were statistically significant. Conclusion: Age related changes were found in the diameter of pineal calcifications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v9i2.15220 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy 2011 Vol.9(2) pp.71-74

scholarly journals Different Shapes of The Human Pineal Gland – A Study On 60 Autopsy Cases

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Halima Afroz ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Mushfika Rahman ◽  
Nurun Nahar ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Pine Cone ◽  
Group A ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Human Brains ◽  
Group D ◽  
The Brain

Context: The pineal gland has been described as an endocrine or neuroendocrine gland; however, its functions in humans are still to be defined. Different shapes of the human pineal gland have been identified. Due to its small size and different shapes recognition of this gland is much critical. Besides, due to its cellularity it may be mistaken for a neoplasm. Hence, a sound knowledge on different shapes of the pineal gland is essential for neurosurgeons, radiologists and pathologists for better diagnosis and management of pineal disorders.Methods: A descriptive study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2009 to June 2010, to see the morphological shape of the human pineal gland. The present study was performed on 60 human pineal glands collected from whole human brains of unclaimed dead bodies that were under postmortem examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The pineal gland was collected from the brain by meticulous dissection. Then, the shape of the pineal gland was observed under the magnifying glass.Results: In the present study, pea-shaped pineal glands were found 60% in group A, 30% in group B, 5% in both group C and D, while pine cone shaped were found 25% in group A, 37.5% in group B, 25% in group C and 12.5% in group D. Besides, fusiform shaped glands were found 18.2% in group A, 63.6% in group B, 9.1% in both group C and D, where as piriform shaped found 66.7% in group B, and 16.7% in both group C and D. Moreover, cone-shaped glands were found 28.6% in group B, 57.1% in group C and 14.3% in group D.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.2, October, 2014, Page 211-214

scholarly journals Weight of the Human Kidney – A Study on 70 Autopsy Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Fatema Zohora ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Hasna Hena ◽  
Hosna Ara Perven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Background: Variations in weight of the kidney in different populations and in different age groups are evident.Objective: The aim of the present study was to find out age related changes in weight of the kidney in a Bangladeshi population and compare with previous local and foreign studies.Materials and method: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2008 to June 2009, based on collection of 140 post mortem human kidneys collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine of same institute. All the samples were divided into three different age groups - A (10-19 years), B (20-39 years) and C (40-59 years), and the weight of each kidney was measured by using a digital balance and recorded.Results: The weight of the right and left kidneys were found 86.18±0.32 gm and 86.10±0.10 gm in group A, 102.25±7.64 gm and 101.96±7.27 gm in group B, 95.59±0.75 gm and 95.19±1.24 gm in group C respectively. No difference was found between the right and left kidneys in any group. However, statistically significant differences were evident among age groups.Conclusion: The weight of the kidney was found to increase up to 4th decade of life and then declined with further advancing age.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2016 4(1): 31-34

Length, Breadth and Thickness of the Pineal Gland

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Halima Afroz ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Mushfika Rahman ◽  
Nurun Nahar ◽  
Anjuman Ara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Complete Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Morphological Knowledge ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Context: The pineal gland is capable of influencing or modifying the activity of the pituitary gland, islets of Langerhans, the parathyroid gland, adrenal gland and the gonads. The pineal gland through its hormone, melatonin influences many functions of the human, like circadian rhythm, mood, psychiatric disorder, sexual maturation, reproduction and aging. Melatonin, a potent antioxidant provides protection against damaging free radicals of oxygen. Various clinical problems occur due to abnormal melatonin secretion by the pineal gland. For the perfect and complete evaluation of various clinical conditions of the pineal gland, detailed morphological knowledge is essential. Study Design: Cross sectional analytical type of study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2009 to June 2010. Materials: 60 postmortem human pineal glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Dhaka. Methods: The samples were divided into four different age groups i.e. Group-A (15-30 years), Group-B (31- 40 years), Group-C (41-50 years) and Group-D (> 50 years). Results: The mean±SD length of the pineal gland were found 8.11±0.83 mm in group A, 7.96±1.06 mm in group B, 7.51±0.55 mm in group C and 7.89±0.14 mm in group D. The mean±SD breadth of the pineal gland were found 4.39±0.34 mm in group A, 4.09±0.46 mm in group B, 4.12±0.58 mm in group C and 3.81±0.34 mm in group D. The mean±SD thickness of the pineal gland were found 2.52±0.64 mm in group A, 2.29±0.54 mm in group B, 2.14±0.32 mm in group C and 2.07±0.18 mm in group D. Conclusion: breadth and thickness of the pineal gland were found to be decreased with advancing age. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17286 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 63-67

scholarly journals Age Related Changes in Pinealocytes of the Pineal Gland in Bangladeshi Cadavers

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Halima Afroz ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Mushfika Rahman ◽  
Kanij Fatema ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Microscopic Field ◽  
Ocular Micrometer ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Age Related Changes

Background: The pineal gland (epiphysis cerebri) contains cords and follicles of pinealocytes and neuroglia.Objective: To determine the number of the pinealocytes and neuroglial cells per sq. mm of microscopic field in different age group in a Bangladeshi population to view the age related change.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2009 to June 2010, based on the collection of 60 pineal glands from whole human brains of unclaimed dead bodies from the morgue. All the samples were divided into four age-groups: 15-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years and >50 years. Histological slides were prepared by using routine Harris’ Haematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) stain. The number of pinealocytes and neuroglial cells per sq. mm of the microscopic field were determined by point counting technique, using ocular micrometer. For statistical analysis, ANOVA and independent sample t test were used.Results: The mean number of pinealocytes and neuroglial cells were found 10875.00±649.75 and 606.31±94.52 in group15-30 years, 9738.83±761.35 and 631.57±94.52 in group31-40 years 31-40 years, 9637.78±382.02 and 568.41±69.57 in group 41-50 years and 8134.64±358.07 and766.31±248.00 in group >50 respectively. Age related significant differences were found in number of pinealocytes in 15-30 years vs 31-40 years, 15-30 years vs 41-50, 15-30 years vs >50, 31-40 years vs >50 and 41-50 vs >50 years. However, no differences were found in number of neuroglial cells among different age groups.Conclusion: This study showed progressive degeneration of pinealocytes with advancing age. However, no age related changes were found in number of neuroglial cells.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2016, June; 11(1): 18-22

Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Prostate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

scholarly journals A postmortem study on the weight of the human adrenal glands

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Ara Parven Hosne
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group D

Objective: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was designed to find out the difference in weight of the right and left adrenal glands of Bangladeshi people in relation to age and to compare with the previous studies. Materials & Methods: The study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2008 to June 2009 and performed on 140 post mortem human adrenal glands collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into four age-groups including group A (11-20 years), group B (21-30 years), group C (31-40 years) & group D (41-60 years) and the weight of the adrenal glands were measured and recorded. Results: There was no difference found in weight in between the right and the left adrenal glands in any age group. For the right adrenal gland, the differences in weight between group A & group B and group A & group D were statistically significant (p<0.05). For the left adrenal gland, the differences in weight between group A & group D and group C & group D were statistically significant (p<0.05). Key words: Adrenal gland; weight of adrenal gland. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v9i4.6686Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.09 No.4 July 2010 pp.204-207

Histomorphometric Study of the Proportion of Cortex and Medulla of the Adrenal Gland-A Postmortem Study

Mediscope ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Fatema Johora ◽  
Hasna Hena ◽  
Sunjida Shahriah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background: The human adrenal gland shows a distinct proportion of two histological zones, named the cortex and the medulla, from outer inwards, in its histological appearance with differences in its cellular components and functions. Objective: The present study aims to see the variation in the proportion of the cortex and the medulla of the adrenal glands with age in a Bangladeshi population. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2008 to June 2009, based on collection of 140 postmortem human adrenal glands from 70 unclaimed dead bodies, in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into four age-groups including A (11-20 years), B (21-30 years), C (31-40 years) & D (41-60 years). Histological slides were prepared by using routine haematoxylin and eosin stain (H & E). Five best prepared slides from each group were examined under light compound microscope with low magnification. The thickness of adrenal cortex and medulla were measured by using ocular and stage micrometer and then converted into percentage volume. Results: The mean volume of the right adrenal cortex were found 83.64±3.71% in group A, 83.90±1.75% in group B, 83.74±5.78% in group C, 84.80±3.82% in group D, while the mean volume of the corresponding medulla were found 18.16±3.23% in group A, 15.70±2.71% in group B, 16.26±3.97% in group C, 16.20±4.04% in group D. The mean volume of the left adrenal cortex were found 84.64±3.49%, 84.90±1.75%, 84.20±3.40%, 85.44±2.66% in group A, B, C and D respectively, while the mean volume of the corresponding medulla were found 17.26±3.84%, 17.00±2.37%, 16.00±3.20% and 14.36±2.33% in group A, B, C and D respectively. The differences among the groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion: No difference was found in the proportion of the cortex and the medulla of adrenal gland in different age-groups. Mediscope Vol. 8, No. 1: January 2021, Page 1-6

scholarly journals Study on weight of the postmortem parathyroid glands in a Bangladeshi population

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Sabiha Mahbub ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Abdul Alim ◽  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Parathyroid Glands ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Context: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was designed to find out the difference in weight of the parathyroid glands of Bangladeshi people in relation to age and sex and to compare with the previous studies. Methods: This study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January to December 2008. The study was performed on 207 post mortem human parathyroid glands collected from 60 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age-groups including group A (10-30 years), group B (31-60 years) & group C (61-90 years) and the weight of the parathyroids were measured and recorded. Results: The mean weight of the right superior parathyroid glands were 13.43±13.77 mg in group A, 13.86±19.15 mg in group B and 9.25±5.12 mg in group C in males and 16.00±6.69 mg in group A and 8.57±5.97 mg in group B in females respectively. The mean weight of the right inferior parathyroids were 17.78±13.94 mg, 16.75±15.67 mg and 23.00±11.53 mg in group A, B and C respectively in males and 26.00±4.18 mg in group A and 15.20±4.32 mg in group B in females. The mean weight of the left superior parathyroid glands were 13.63±6.08 mg in group A, 10.58±7.57 mg in group B and 11.00±3.74 mg in group C in males and 16.20±7.89 mg in group A and 8.29±5.47 mg in group B in females respectively. The mean weight of the left inferior parathyroid gland was 26.11±24.29 mg, 15.81±10.28 mg and 25.25±25.28 mg in group A, B and C respectively in males and 32.25±13.82 mg in group A and 13.29±5.41 mg in group B in females. No difference was found in the weight of superior parathyroid glands at right side between sexes and age groups excepting in superior and inferior parathyroid glands at left side between group A & B (p<0.05). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15603 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 34-38

scholarly journals A postmortem study on morphometry of the human stomach in a Bangladeshi population

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Gul Newaz Begum ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Sunjida Shahriah ◽  
Khandaker Abu Rayhan ◽  
Hosna Ara Perven
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
C 23 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Group B

Context: A Cross-sectional, descriptive type of study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2005 to June 2006, to see the variation in the size of the stomach with age in Bangladeshi people. Methods: The study was performed on 60 post mortem human stomach collected from unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into four age-groups including group A (2-16 years), group B (17-22 years) and group C (23-65 years). The length and breadth of each stomach were measured by using a measuring tape. Results: The mean length of the stomach were found 12.18±1.77 cm in group A, 17.74±1.95 cm in group B, and 25.31±1.63 cm in group C. The mean breadth of the stomach were found 6.81±0.40 cm, 8.26±0.57 cm and 9.54±0.45 cm in group A, B and C respectively. The differences between age groups were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The length and breadth of the human stomach increase with age. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15598 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 16-18

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