scholarly journals Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in Head and Neck

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Sondang Nora Harahap ◽  
Daan Khambri
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Left Neck ◽  
Mortality Case ◽  
Poorly Differentiated

Introduction: Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) originating from the eye are rare and very highly malignant diseases with a poor prognosis. Small cell NEC of the head and neck is a rare disease and highly aggressive. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality. Case Presentation: A 19-year-old male visited our oncology surgery outpatient department due to the progressive neck mass enlargement originating from the eye. The patient was previously diagnosed with invasive choroid malignant melanoma of the left eye which had metastasized to the lymph nodes of the left neck. He underwent a surgical removal/exenteration of the left eye. The result showed that the patient’s survival with poorly differentiated tumors was about 14% while patients with well-differentiated NEC had a survival rate of 34%. It also indicates that the prognosis of these tumors is very poor with a total of over 90% of patients having distant metastatic disease. Histopathological examination showed the tumor tissue and its immunohistochemistry with positive streaks of CD56, NSE, Synaptophysin, and Ki67 suggested small cell NEC.Conclusions: it is crucial to establish an early diagnosis of these tumors to reduce morbidity and mortality. No optimal treatment for such disease has yet been established.

scholarly journals Carcinosarcoma of lung

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-421
Author(s):  
S Neupane ◽  
T Pathak ◽  
S Bastola ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
CB Pun
Keyword(s):  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Brush Cytology ◽  
Cell Component ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Spindle Cell Component ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Pulmonary Carcinosarcoma

Primary carcinosarcoma of the lung is exceedingly rare. It is described as malignancy composed of a mixture of carcinoma and sarcoma elements. The sarcomatous element is usually spindle cell but may contain cartilage, bone or skeletal muscle. We report a case of pulmonary carcinosarcoma in a 66 years male who presented with cough, chest pain on exertion, anorexia and weight loss. Brush cytology revealed poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma. Histopathological examination showed proliferation of malignant spindle cells containing bone and malignant cartilage admixed with areas of keratinized squamous cells with few foci of ill-defined glandular structure. On immunohistochemistry, carcinomatous component of tumor showed positivity for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and spindle cell component were positive for vimentin. These findings led to diagnosis of carcinosarcoma. Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, No.1, Issue 5, 419-421 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i5.7873

scholarly journals SMARCA4/BRG1-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma: Morphologic Spectrum of an Evolving Entity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aanchal Kakkar ◽  
Subiyathul Farah Ashraf ◽  
Amber Rathor ◽  
Amit Kumar Adhya ◽  
Suresh Mani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Multimodality Treatment ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Clinicopathologic Features ◽  
Sinonasal Carcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated

Context.— Molecular analysis of poorly differentiated/undifferentiated sinonasal neoplasms has resulted in identification of a growing number of genetically defined tumors. SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinoma is one such recently described entity that emerged from within sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC), neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), and teratocarcinosarcoma (TCS). Objective.— To identify SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinomas from a large institutional cohort of poorly differentiated/undifferentiated carcinomas and evaluate their clinicopathologic features. Design.— SMARCA4/BRG1 immunohistochemistry was performed on all tumors diagnosed as SNUC, poorly differentiated carcinoma, NEC, and TCS during a 12-year period. SMARCA2/BRM and INSM1 immunostaining was performed in SMARCA4-deficient cases. Results.— Twelve SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinomas were identified among 299 cases. Morphologically, 5 cases were large cell NEC, 2 cases were small cell NEC, and 5 were TCS. SMARCA4 loss was diffuse and complete in 10 cases, while 2 cases showed focal retention. Most cases showed diffuse cytokeratin staining accompanied by weak, usually focal staining for chromogranin and synaptophysin. INSM-1 showed negativity in most cases. All cases showed retained SMARCA2 expression. IDH1/2 mutation was absent in all cases analyzed. Four of 7 patients died of disease, and aggressive multimodality treatment had better outcome. Conclusions.— SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinomas are morphologically akin to sinonasal poorly differentiated NECs and TCS, display cytokeratin positivity and only focal staining for neuroendocrine markers, and have aggressive biological behavior. Inclusion of SMARCA4 in the immunohistochemical panel for diagnostic workup of all sinonasal NEC and TCS phenotypes will facilitate their early recognition. Comprehensive germline and somatic mutational analyses of these tumors are necessary for further insights into their molecular pathogenesis.

Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma Appearing as a Left Neck Mass

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 620-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Boggess ◽  
T. Oma Hester ◽  
Sanford M. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Left Neck

Malignant clear cell tumors of the head and neck are uncommon. Primary tumors may arise from the salivary glands, thyroid gland, or parathyroid glands, while metastatic tumors most commonly arise from the lungs, kidneys, and female genital tract. Renal cell carcinoma is the third most common metastatic tumor to the bone and soft tissues of the head and neck. Despite this, there have been few reported cases of renal clear cell carcinoma metastases to the neck. Here we report a unique case of an otherwise asymptomatic young woman with a left neck mass as the first clinical sign of advanced renal clear cell carcinoma.

Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of the Upper Airways: A Small Case Series with Histopathological Considerations

2007 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Capelli ◽  
Giulia Bertino ◽  
Patrizia Morbini ◽  
Chiara Villa ◽  
Stefano Zorzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinomas

Neuroendocrine carcinomas are rare tumors. In the head and neck region they are most common in the larynx, where they represent 0.5-1% of epithelial cancers. Diagnosis requires the recognition of the typical neuroendocrine architecture and morphology and the immunohistochemical confirmation of neuroendocrine differentiation. In the 1991 WHO classification laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas have been divided into carcinoids, atypical carcinoids, small cell carcinomas and paragangliomas. Atypical carcinoids in the head and neck region usually show an aggressive behavior analogous to poorly differentiated carcinomas, and are resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy. For this reason, it was recently proposed to change their designation to “moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas”. We present the clinical and histopathological features of 2 moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx, one large cell poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the oropharynx, and one small cell carcinoma of the minor salivary glands of the tongue. The patient with small cell carcinoma was free from disease 26 months after radical surgery, while the other patients showed liver, lung and bone metastases 18, 26 and 24 months after the diagnosis despite radical surgery or concomitant intra-arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Calcifying Fibrous Pseudotumor of the Neck: Diagnostic Challenges of a Rare Benign Lesion

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1051-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan B. Goldstein ◽  
Richard H. Savel ◽  
Filiz Sen ◽  
Peter Shamamian
Keyword(s):  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Neck Masses ◽  
Collagenous Tissue ◽  
Supraclavicular Fossa ◽  
Left Neck ◽  
Rare Lesion ◽  
Calcifying Fibrous Pseudotumor

Neck masses, frequently encountered by physicians, comprise a vast range of diagnoses, with malignancy being the greatest concern. Calcifying fibrous pseudotumor (CFP) is a rare lesion with unknown pathogenesis, characterized pathologically by a predominance of abundant hyalinized collagenous tissue with focal lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and psammomatous or dystrophic calcifications. We present the case of a 29-year-old woman who presented with a 4-cm left neck mass, accompanied by constitutional symptoms of vague weakness and lethargy. After the lesion failed to respond to a course of antibiotic therapy, fine-needle aspiration was performed, the pathology of which was indeterminate. The concern was that the lesion was a lymphoproliferative disorder–further workup was performed. CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis revealed no evidence of adenopathy or neoplasms. Subsequently, an incisional biopsy was performed, suggesting a diagnosis of CFP. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast, performed to delineate the anatomy, revealed the lesion in the left neck, deep to the left clavicle, that extended superiorly into the supraclavicular fossa. Complete surgical removal of the lesion was successfully performed, with immunophenotyping confirming the initial diagnosis of CFP. We present a case report of cervical CFP, discuss the approach to neck masses, and review the recent literature on this rare, benign entity.

scholarly journals Dermoid cyst over the left sphenoid in a child: a rare case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1688
Author(s):  
Andrews Navin Kumar ◽  
Anubhav Shivpuri ◽  
Sandeep Mehta ◽  
Shanender Singh Sambyal
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Rare Case Report

<p class="abstract">In this case report a bony swelling was noticed clinically which had a cystic presentation in CT imaging. After surgical removal it was sent for histopathological examination and was diagnosed as dermoid cyst. Dermoid cyst is rarely encountered lesions of head and neck region so most frequently misdiagnosed. Though this lesion is very rare but should be considered as a differential diagnosis while evaluation cystic lesions of head and neck region.</p>

scholarly journals Kimura's disease in a young Balkan male

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Jovicic-Milentijevic ◽  
Marin Basic ◽  
Aleksandar Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Kimura’S Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Asian Men ◽  
Left Neck ◽  
Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia

Introduction. Kimura's disease is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown cause, mainly seen in young Asian men. To our knowledge it has not been reported previously in persons from the Balkan countries. Case report. We presented a 15-year-old male with Kimura's disease manifested as chronic left neck mass. The diagnosis was based on the histopathological findings of the excised lesion. Peripheral blood eosinophilia and raised serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) level supported the diagnosis. Conclusion. The presented patient confirmed the fact that Kimura's disease could occur in different ethnic groups. Histopathological examination, should be performed prior to making the definitive diagnosis.

scholarly journals Schwannoma on Cervical Cervices (C2 & C3): A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djoko Supriyandono ◽  
Marjono Dwi Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Left Neck ◽  
History Of

Background: Schwannoma is classified as a benign, encapsulated tumor, derived from the perineural cells which are classified as neural cell membranes. About 10% of Schwannomas has occurred in the head and neck and the incidence of Schwannoma arising from the Cervical C2 nerve roots is extremely rare. Aims of study: This case report aims to provide a rare case report on Schwannoma located in cervical cervices (C2& C3). Case presentation: A 37-year-old female patient with a lump in the left neck for 4 years ago, the first lump appeared as a larger (increasingly large 1×1 cm) marbles with no pain in the lump but over the past 4 months the patient felt his legs and arms are weak. Patients have a history of surgical removal of tumors in the back of the neckline by the end of 2016. At first, we estimated the lump that appeared on the left neck of the patient stands alone in the sense that it was not related to the history of the first lump surgery, but when further examination, the tumor was apparently related to the lump that appeared previously who had surgery. Conclusion: The extracranial Schwannoma in the head and neck areas is a rare neoplasm. The extracranial Schwannoma case is a case that is difficult to diagnose, in addition to good clinical examination, imaging examination, such as CT scan and MRI are an indispensable way of ensuring the diagnosis of an extracranial Schwannoma.

scholarly journals Chondrosarcoma of Larynx: A Case Report with Review of Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Rajesh Mundhe ◽  
Sagar Tarte ◽  
Prerana Patil ◽  
Majeda Malik ◽  
Salawa Bano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Cricoid Cartilage ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Head And Neck Malignancies ◽  
Laryngeal Tumors ◽  
Microscopic Features

ABSTRACT In spite of being the most common nonepithelial neoplasm, chondrosarcoma makes up only about 0.2% of all head and neck malignancies and approximately 1% of all laryngeal tumors. Primary laryngeal chondrosarcoma is rare with only 300 cases being reported in literature. Herein, we present a case of 61-year old male who presented with long-standing neck mass. Histopathological examination, revealed it to be a chondrosarcoma arising from cricoid cartilage of larynx. Microscopic features with differential diagnoses and review of literature is being discussed. How to cite this article Mundhe R, Tarte S, Patil P, Malik M, Bano S, Chinoy R. Chondrosarcoma of Larynx: A Case Report with Review of Literature. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2): 72-74.

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