Meta-Analysis of the Diagnostic Efficacy of the Luminex xTAG Respiratory Viral Panel FAST v2 Assay for Respiratory Viral Infections

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Anaferon and Anaferon for children for the prevention and treatment of of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI)/influenza using meta-analysis. Patients and Methods: the meta-analysis included data from 11 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving 3079 patients aged 1 month to 69 years, of which: 1729 people were included in the meta-analysis of the preventive drugs efficacy, 1550 patients — in the meta-analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of Anaferon for children. The evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy was conducted according to the criteria "disease duration" and/or "fever duration", the evaluation of the preventive efficacy was conducted according to the criterion "the proportion of patients not falling ill with ARVI/influenza". The safety was evaluated taking into account the number of adverse events (AEs). Statistical methods included the exact Fisher criterion, the Student criterion, fixed and random effects models, the Z-test, the Cochrane-Mantel-Hensel criterion, Cochrane Q-statistics and the I2 coefficient, the Breslow-Day test, the calculation of relative risk (RR), odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: according to the criterion "the proportion of patients not falling ill with ARVI/influenza", the RR of Anaferon for children was 1.2 [95% CI 1.2; 1.3] with an OR of 2.2 [95% CI 1.7; 2.9], while for Anaferon, the RR was 6.7 [95% CI 3.8; 11.8] with an OR of 20.1 [95% CI 9.2; 44.0]. At the same time, the proportion of patients without ARVI/influenza during Anaferon intake exceeded that in the absence of preventive intervention by almost 8 times, and during Anaferon for children intake — 1.3 times vs. placebo. When evaluating the therapeutic effect of Anaferon for children, it was found that the average disease duration was 1.4 times shorter than during placebo intake, and was 4.71±2.53 days (p<0,001). The average fever duration was 2.19±1.21 days vs. 3.22±1.81 days during placebo intake (p<0,001). According to the criterion "disease duration", the weighted average effect value was 1.05 [95% CI 0.44; 1.67], according to the criterion "fever duration" — 0.97 [95% CI 0.61; 1.33] (p<0.001, p-value of the two-tailed Z-test; random effects model). The therapeutic efficacy of Anaferon for children did not depend on the etiology of ARVI, the symptoms, and the presence of comorbidity (asthma). The total number of AEs is similar to those in the comparison group. Conclusion: the conducted review and meta-analysis concerning the efficacy and safety of Anaferon and Anaferon for children for the treatment and prevention of ARVI/influenza allow us to conclude the following: 1) Anaferon for children is effective and safe for the treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory infections, regardless of the pathogen and the presence of comorbidity (asthma); 2) Anaferon and Anaferon for children are effective and safe for the prevention of acute respiratory infections/influenza, including patients with concomitant bronchopulmonary pathology and frequently ill children. KEYWORDS: ARVI, influenza, prevention, treatment, meta-analysis, Anaferon, Anaferon for children. FOR CITATION: Geppe N.A., Zaplatnikov A.L., Kondyurina E.G. et al. Efficacy and safety of Anaferon for children and Anaferon for the prevention and treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections: systematic review and meta-analysis. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(5):335–347 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-5-335-347.

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Epidemiology of respiratory viral infections in people with acute respiratory tract infections in Africa: the VARIAFRICA systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-019-1037-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sebastien Kenmoe ◽

Jean Joel Bigna ◽

Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji ◽

Fredy Brice N. Simo ◽

Richard Njouom

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Acute Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Respiratory Viral Infections ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Analysis Protocol

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Efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma for severe COVID-19 based on evidence in other severe respiratory viral infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Canadian Medical Association Journal ◽

10.1503/cmaj.200642 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 192 (27) ◽

pp. E745-E755 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Niveditha Devasenapathy ◽

Zhikang Ye ◽

Mark Loeb ◽

Fang Fang ◽

Borna Tadayon Najafabadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Respiratory Viral Infections

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Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.27334.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 1316

Author(s):

Endang Mutiawati ◽

Syahrul Syahrul ◽

Marhami Fahriani ◽

Jonny Karunia Fajar ◽

Sukamto S. Mamada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Global Prevalence ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Adults And Children ◽

Respiratory Viral Infections ◽

Cumulative Prevalence ◽

Ottawa Scale

Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of headache in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to assess its association as a predictor for COVID-19. This study also aimed to discuss the possible pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19. Methods: Available articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched as of September 2nd, 2020. Data on characteristics of the study, headache and COVID-19 were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Biases were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The cumulative prevalence of headache was calculated for the general population (i.e. adults and children). The pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated using the Z test to assess the association between headache and the presence of COVID-19 cases. Results: We included 104,751 COVID-19 cases from 78 eligible studies to calculate the global prevalence of headache in COVID-19 and 17 studies were included to calculate the association of headache and COVID-19. The cumulative prevalence of headache in COVID-19 was 25.2% (26,464 out of 104,751 cases). Headache was found to be more prevalent, approximately by two-fold, in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients with symptoms of other respiratory viral infections, OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.94, 2.5 with p=0.04. Conclusion: Headache is common among COVID-19 patients and seems to be more common in COVID-19 patients compared to those with the non-COVID-19 viral infection. No definitive mechanisms on how headache emerges in COVID-19 patients but several possible hypotheses have been proposed. However, extensive studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020210332 (28/09/2020)

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Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.27334.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 1316

Author(s):

Endang Mutiawati ◽

Syahrul Syahrul ◽

Marhami Fahriani ◽

Jonny Karunia Fajar ◽

Sukamto S. Mamada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Global Prevalence ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Adults And Children ◽

Respiratory Viral Infections ◽

Cumulative Prevalence ◽

Ottawa Scale

Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of headache in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to assess its association as a predictor for COVID-19. This study also aimed to discuss the possible pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19. Methods: Available articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched as of September 2nd, 2020. Data on characteristics of the study, headache and COVID-19 were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Biases were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The cumulative prevalence of headache was calculated for the general population (i.e. adults and children). The pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated using the Z test to assess the association between headache and the presence of COVID-19 cases. Results: We included 104,751 COVID-19 cases from 78 eligible studies to calculate the global prevalence of headache in COVID-19 and 17 studies were included to calculate the association of headache and COVID-19. The cumulative prevalence of headache in COVID-19 was 25.2% (26,464 out of 104,751 cases). Headache was found to be more prevalent, approximately by two-fold, in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients (other respiratory viral infections), OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.94, 2.5 with p=0.04. Conclusion: Headache is common among COVID-19 patients and seems to be more common in COVID-19 patients compared to those with the non-COVID-19 viral infection. No definitive mechanisms on how headache emerges in COVID-19 patients but several possible hypotheses have been proposed. However, extensive studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020210332 (28/09/2020)

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Differential effect of corticosteroid treatment on Influenza, SARS, MERS, and SARS-CoV-2 patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review

10.1101/2021.03.22.21254104 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sobur Ali ◽

Salman Zahir Uddin ◽

Md. Nayem Dewan ◽

M Moniruzzaman ◽

Mir Himayet Kabir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Studies ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Lower Mortality ◽

Randomized Control Trials ◽

Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Respiratory Viral Infections

ABSTRACTBackgroundCorticosteroid has been used to manage inflammation caused by many diseases including respiratory viral infections. Many articles are available to support the good and bad side of this steroid use but remain inconclusive. To find some evidence about the safety of the drug, we investigated the effect of corticosteroids on the mortality of patients with respiratory viral infections including SARS-CoV-2, SARS, MERS, and Influenza.MethodWe searched articles in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Medline, Google Scholar, and Web of Science records using keywords “corticosteroid” or “viral infection” or “patients” or “control study”. Mortality was the primary outcome.ResultOur selected 24 studies involving 16633 patients were pooled in our meta-analysis. Corticosteroid use and overall mortality were not significantly associated (P=0.176), but in subgroup analysis, corticosteroid use was significantly associated with lower mortality in the case of SARS (P=0.003) but was not significantly associated with mortality for Influenza (H1N1) (P=0.260) and SARS-CoV-2 (P=0.554). Further analysis using study types of SARS-CoV-2, we found that corticosteroid use was not significantly associated with mortality in the case of retrospective cohort studies (P=0.256) but was significantly associated with lower mortality in the case of randomized control trials (P=0.005). Our findings uncover how the outcome of particular drug treatment for different diseases with comparable pathogenesis may not be similar and, RCTs are sometimes required for robust outcome data.ConclusionAt the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, data of corticosteroid use from other viral infections along with COVID-19 observational and retrospective cohort studies created confusion of its effect, but randomized control trials showed that corticosteroid can be used to treat COVID-19 patients.

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Reduction in hospitalised COPD exacerbations during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0255659 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0255659

Author(s):

Jaber S. Alqahtani ◽

Tope Oyelade ◽

Abdulelah M. Aldhahir ◽

Renata Gonçalves Mendes ◽

Saeed M. Alghamdi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rate Ratio ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Health Index ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Copd Exacerbations ◽

Respiratory Viral Infections

Background Reports have suggested a reduction in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly hospital admissions for severe exacerbations. However, the magnitude of this reduction varies between studies. Method Electronic databases were searched from January 2020 to May 2021. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts and, when necessary, full text to determine if studies met inclusion criteria. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. A narrative summary of eligible studies was synthesised, and meta-analysis was conducted using a random effect model to pool the rate ratio and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for hospital admissions. Exacerbation reduction was compared against the COVID-19 Containment and Health Index. Results A total of 13 of 745 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review, with data from nine countries. Nine studies could be included in the meta-analysis. The pooled rate ratio of hospital admissions for COPD exacerbations during the pandemic period was 0.50 (95% CI 0.44–0.57). Findings on the rate of community-treated exacerbations were inconclusive. Three studies reported a significant decrease in the incidence of respiratory viral infections compared with the pre-pandemic period. There was not a significant relationship between exacerbation reduction and the COVID-19 Containment and Health Index (rho = 0.20, p = 0.53). Conclusion There was a 50% reduction in admissions for COPD exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic period compared to pre-pandemic times, likely associated with a reduction in respiratory viral infections that trigger exacerbations. Future guidelines should consider including recommendations on respiratory virus infection control measures to reduce the burden of COPD exacerbations beyond the pandemic period.

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Reduction in COPD exacerbations during COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2021.05.17.21257335 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jaber S Alqahtani ◽

Tope Oyelade ◽

Abdulelah M Aldhahir ◽

Renata Goncalves Mendes ◽

Saeed M Alghamdi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rate Ratio ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Health Index ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Copd Exacerbations ◽

Respiratory Viral Infections

Background Reports have suggested a reduction in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly hospital admissions for severe exacerbations. However, the magnitude of this reduction varies between studies. Method Electronic databases were searched from January 2020 to May 2021. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts and, when necessary, full text to determine if studies met inclusion criteria. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. A narrative summary of eligible studies was synthesised, and meta-analysis was conducted using a random effect model to pool the rate ratio and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for hospital admissions. Exacerbation reduction was compared against the COVID-19 Containment and Health Index. Results A total of 13 of 745 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review, with data from nine countries. Seven studies could be included in the meta-analysis. The pooled rate ratio of hospital admissions for COPD exacerbations during the pandemic period was 0.50 (95% CI 0.42-0.58). Findings on the rate of community-treated exacerbations were inconclusive. Three studies reported a significant decrease in the incidence of respiratory viral infections compared with the pre-pandemic period. There was not a significant relationship between exacerbation reduction and the COVID-19 Containment and Health Index. Conclusion There was a 50% reduction in admissions for COPD exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic period, associated with a reduction in respiratory viral infections that trigger exacerbations. We provide pooled evidence supporting the potential effectiveness of COVID-19 preventive interventions in reducing the risk of admissions for COPD exacerbations.

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