The species composition and general ecology of intertidal organisms present
at Heron Island, a coral cay in the Capricorn Group, are recorded in this paper. It
was found that the general zonation picture on this Great Barrier Reef island differed
markedly from that found previously at localities on the Queensland mainland
(Endean, Kenny, and Stephenson 1956). In particular the mainland upper barnacle
(Chthamalus) zone was not represented at Heron I., and the species forming the
mainland lower barnacle zone (Tetraclita squamosa (Bruguiere) ) was replaced by a
different species (Tetraclita vitiata Darwin). Also the characteristic algal zone of
mainland localities was replaced by a lithothamnion-zoanthid-coral zone.
In order to investigate the possibility of a gradual transition from the mainland
type zonation to that found on the Great Barrier Reef, as exemplified by Heron I.
zonation, the species composition and general ecology of intertidal organisms inhabiting
a series of continental islands lying off the Queensland coast between lat.
16� and 22� S. were investigated. The fauna of these islands was found to be closely
allied to that of the mainland. There was, however, an intrusion of corals and
zoanthids on the more exposed of the islands visited which lie between lat.
20� and 22�S., and also on the more northerly of the islands visited. The biogeographical
implications of these findings are discussed, and it is noted that the
results of the present investigation support the contention of Whitley (1932) that
a longitudinal division of the Queensland marine fauna into "Solanderian" and
"Banksian" elements is warranted.
Accounts are also given of the major environmental factors that might affect
specific composition and zonation patterns at the localities investigated. Analyses
of these have given much information on the general ecology and distribution of
many Queensland intertidal species. Thls information is discussed. Of particular
interest was the finding that the Peronian barnacle Tetraclita rosea (Krauss) has
extended its range,to the north of the biogeographical boundary situated near lat.
25� S. by colonizing the more exposed of the continental islands.
Effects of grazing on species composition of the epilithic algal community on coral reefs of the central Great Barrier Reef
