scholarly journals Malformations in embryos of the deposit-feeding amphipod Monoporeia affinis in the Baltic Sea

1998 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 165-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Sundelin ◽  
AK Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Deposit Feeding

scholarly journals TRANSFER OF RADIOCAESIUM FROM CONTAMINATED BOTTOM SEDIMENTS TO MARINE ORGANISMS THROUGH BENTHIC FOOD CHAIN IN POST-FUKUSHIMA AND POST-CHERNOBYL PERIODS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Bezhenar ◽  
Kyung Tae Jung ◽  
Vladimir Maderich ◽  
Stefan Willemsen ◽  
Govert de With ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Benthic Food ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Deposit Feeding

Abstract. After the earthquake and tsunami on 11 March, 2011 damaged the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), an accidental release of a large amount of radioactive isotopes into both the air and the ocean occurred. Measurements provided by the Japanese agencies over the past four years show that elevated concentrations of 137Cs still remain in sediments, benthic organisms and demersal fishes in the coastal zone around the FDNPP. These observations indicate that there are 137Cs transfer pathways from bottom sediments to the marine organisms. To describe the transfer quantitatively, the dynamic food chain model BURN has been extended to include benthic marine organisms. The extended model takes into account both pelagic and benthic marine organisms grouped into several classes based on their trophic level and type of species: phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fishes (two types: piscivorous and non-piscivorous) for the pelagic food chain; deposit feeding invertebrates, demersal fishes feeding by benthic invertebrates and bottom omnivorous predators for the benthic food chain; crustaceans, molluscs and coastal predators feeding on both pelagic and benthic organisms. Bottom invertebrates ingest organic parts of bottom sediments with adsorbed radionuclides which then migrate up through the food chain. All organisms take radionuclides directly from water as well as food. The model was implemented into the compartment model POSEIDON-R and applied to the Northwestern Pacific for the period of 1945–2010 and then for the period of 2011–2020 to assess the radiological consequences of releases of 137Cs due to FDNPP accident. The model simulations for activity concentrations of 137Cs in both pelagic and benthic organisms in the coastal area around the FDNPP agree well with measurements for the period of 2011–2015. The decrease constant in the fitted exponential function of simulated concentration for the deposit ingesting invertebrates (0.45 y–1) is close to the decrease constant for the sediment observations (0.44 y–1), indicating that the gradual decrease of activity in the demersal fish (decrease constant is 0.46 y–1) was caused by the transfer of activity from organic matter deposited in bottom sediment through the deposit feeding invertebrates. The estimated from model transfer coefficient from bulk sediment to demersal fish in the model for 2012–2020 (0.13) is larger than that to the deposit feeding invertebrates (0.07) due to the biomagnification effect. In addition, the transfer of 137Cs through food webs for the period of 1945–2020 has been modelled for the Baltic Sea that was essentially contaminated due to global fallout and the Chernobyl accident. The model simulation results obtained with generic parameters are also in good agreement with available measurements in the Baltic Sea. Due to weak water exchange with the North Sea of the semi-enclosed Baltic Sea the chain of water-sediments- biota slowly evolves into a quasi-equilibrium state unlike the processes off the open Pacific Ocean coast where the FDNPP is located. Obtained results demonstrate the importance of the benthic food chain in the long-term transfer of 137Cs from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms and the potential of a generic model for the use in different regions of the World Ocean.

scholarly journals Transfer of radiocaesium from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms through benthic food chains in post-Fukushima and post-Chernobyl periods

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3021-3034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Bezhenar ◽  
Kyung Tae Jung ◽  
Vladimir Maderich ◽  
Stefan Willemsen ◽  
Govert de With ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Benthic Food ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Deposit Feeding

Abstract. After the earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011 damaged the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), an accidental release of a large amount of radioactive isotopes into both the air and the ocean occurred. Measurements provided by the Japanese agencies over the past 5 years show that elevated concentrations of 137Cs still remain in sediments, benthic organisms, and demersal fishes in the coastal zone around the FDNPP. These observations indicate that there are 137Cs transfer pathways from bottom sediments to the marine organisms. To describe the transfer quantitatively, the dynamic food chain biological uptake model of radionuclides (BURN) has been extended to include benthic marine organisms. The extended model takes into account both pelagic and benthic marine organisms grouped into several classes based on their trophic level and type of species: phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fishes (two types: piscivorous and non-piscivorous) for the pelagic food chain; deposit-feeding invertebrates, demersal fishes fed by benthic invertebrates, and bottom omnivorous predators for the benthic food chain; crustaceans, mollusks, and coastal predators feeding on both pelagic and benthic organisms. Bottom invertebrates ingest organic parts of bottom sediments with adsorbed radionuclides which then migrate up through the food chain. All organisms take radionuclides directly from water as well as food. The model was implemented into the compartment model POSEIDON-R and applied to the north-western Pacific for the period of 1945–2010, and then for the period of 2011–2020 to assess the radiological consequences of 137Cs released due to the FDNPP accident. The model simulations for activity concentrations of 137Cs in both pelagic and benthic organisms in the coastal area around the FDNPP agree well with measurements for the period of 2011–2015. The decrease constant in the fitted exponential function of simulated concentration for the deposit-feeding invertebrates (0.45 yr−1) is close to the observed decrease constant in sediments (0.44 yr−1). These results strongly indicate that the gradual decrease of activity in demersal fish (decrease constant is 0.46 yr−1) is caused by the transfer of activity from organic matter deposited in bottom sediment through the deposit-feeding invertebrates. The estimated model transfer coefficient from bulk sediment to demersal fish in the model for 2012–2020 (0.13) is larger than that to the deposit-feeding invertebrates (0.07). In addition, the transfer of 137Cs through food webs for the period of 1945–2020 has been modelled for the Baltic Sea contaminated due to global fallout and from the Chernobyl accident. The model simulation results obtained with generic parameters are also in good agreement with available measurements in the Baltic Sea. Unlike the open coastal system where the FDNPP is located, the dynamics of radionuclide transfer in the Baltic Sea reach a quasi-steady state due to the slow rate in water mass exchange in this semi-enclosed basin. Obtained results indicate a substantial contribution of the benthic food chain in the long-term transfer of 137Cs from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms and the potential application of a generic model in different regions of the world's oceans.

Temporal and spatial sedimentation rate variabilities in the eastern Gotland Basin, the Baltic Sea

Boreas ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Christiansen ◽  
Helmar Kunzendorf ◽  
Kay-Christian Emeis ◽  
Rudolf Endler ◽  
Ulrich Struck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Gotland Basin ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The Baltic

Russian Oil: Production and Exports

2003 ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
K. Liuhto
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
The Baltic

Statistical data on reserves, production and exports of Russian oil are provided in the article. The author pays special attention to the expansion of opportunities of sea oil transportation by construction of new oil terminals in the North-West of the country and first of all the largest terminal in Murmansk. In his opinion, one of the main problems in this sphere is prevention of ecological accidents in the process of oil transportation through the Baltic sea ports.

Paleoecological study of bottom sediments of the lake Goluboye (Karelian Isthmus) according to the results of diatom analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Angelina E. Shatalova ◽  
Uriy A. Kublitsky ◽  
Dmitry A. Subetto ◽  
Anna V. Ludikova ◽  
Alar Rosentau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Karelian Isthmus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Diatom Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Baltic

The study of paleogeography of lakes is an actual and important direction in modern science. As part of the study of lakes in the North-West of the Karelian Isthmus, this analysis will establish the dynamics of salinity of objects, which will allow to reconstruct changes in the level of the Baltic Sea in the Holocene.

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Leśniewska ◽  
Małgorzata Witak
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Gulf Of Gdańsk ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Gdansk ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Changes

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)The palaeoenvironmental changes of the south-western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk during the last 8,000 years, with reference to the stages of the Baltic Sea, were reconstructed. Diatom analyses of two cores taken from the shallower and deeper parts of the basin enabled the conclusion to be drawn that the microflora studied developed in the three Baltic phases: Mastogloia, Littorina and Post-Littorina. Moreover, the so-called anthropogenic assemblage was observed in subbottom sediments of the study area.

Associations of Sphagnum rubellum Wils. on the bogs of the south-east part of Baltic region

2003 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Smagin ◽  
M. G. Napreenko
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Karelian Isthmus ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Typical Habitat ◽  
New Syntaxa

The paper characterizes the 3 associations comprising plant communities with Sphagnum rubellum in the south-eastern part of the Baltic region. The new syntaxa differ from each other both in their floristic characters and the pronounced affinity to definite regional mire types and particular habitats. The ass. Drosero-Sphagnetum rubelli is typical of the relatively most thorough ranges. It is observed from the Kaliningrad region to the Karelian Isthmus and, according to the published reference, occurs even throughout the whole area around the Baltic Sea. Its most typical habitat is that of margins of mire lakes and pools. The ass. Eriophoro-Sphagnetum rubelli occurs in central plateaus of convex plateau-like bogs, typical of the areas adjacent to the Baltic Sea coast. It occupies extended flat mire ecotopes with the water level 0.2–0.25 m deep. The ass. Empetro-Sphagnetum rubelli is characteristic of the retrogressive complex in the convex bogs of the East-Baltic Province. It is mostly observed along the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Its stands are rather dynamic and unstable in both space and time. The presence of communities comprised by these 3 associations is an important vegetation character of the series of regional mire types. Assuming an association level of the respective syntaxa seems rational for the purposes of adequate reflection of plant cover diversity.

MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN DUNE COMPLEXES MONITORING ON THE VISTULA SPIT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Danchenkov ◽  
Aleksandr Danchenkov
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Coastal Processes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Modern Technologies

Modern technologies, which provide fast and accurate acquisition of high-resolution spatial data, have found widespread application in the monitoring of coastal processes. This paper reports the results of four years’ monitoring of a huge deflation/blowout/wind-scour basin dynamics at the Vistula Spit (southeast coast of the Baltic Sea). Information about the volume and size dynamics together with deflation/accumulation schemes and 3D elevation maps is presented. Basing on the obtained results, forecast of the deflation basin dynamics for 2016 was proposed. This paper implements the Terrestrial Laserscanning (TLS) method to the coastal processes investigation and demonstrates its high potential in this field.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS ON THE VISTULA SPIT FOREDUNE EROSION (THE BALTIC SEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii Burnashov ◽  
Evgenii Burnashov ◽  
Konstantin Karmanov ◽  
Konstantin Karmanov
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Volume Deformation ◽  
The Baltic

The study gives quantitative estimation of natural landforms sensitivity of accumulative type coasts exposed to human influence. Foredune is an essential element of a morphological structure of thebarrier spits located at the Baltic Sea sand coasts. The study compares contribution of the beach erosion and deflation (soil drifting) to the foredune degradation on the sea shore of the barrier spit with or without the recreational impact. The analysis is performed for three typical polygons located on the Russian part of the Vistula Spit. Chosen polygons present shore segments with various intensity of tourism: visitors from the village, unregulated camp tourism, and nearly natural conditions. Detailed geodesic survey was carried out on these three polygons (length 515 m, 265 m, and 521 m respectively; total area – 125000 m2) in July of 2015. It was done with single-frequency geodesic GPS Trimble 5700L1 (base station) and TrimbleR3 (rover). Two DEMs were developed using the results of laser scanning of 2007 and the survey of 2015. Volume deformation for whole polygons and its particular parts (beach and foredune ridge) was made by comparison of the DEMs. In the case of touristic load the effect of deflation is 5-15 times higher than the marine erosion of foredune edge. If not affected by an anthropogenic factor the foredune erosion is caused mainly by the sea, and its impact is 6 times higher than that of the natural deflation.

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