Software solutions in the processes of creating and using atlas interactive maps

Cartographic interactivity is now most often understood as an addition to cartographic representations for end users of electronic maps. The article substantiates the need to extend this understanding. This extension will help in creation of the modern atlas systems, which are increasingly being developed as integrated or consisting of several systems. Along with end users, expert-cartographers (developers) and analysts also become users of atlas systems and their interactive maps. Users with relevant knowledge are combined into epistemologically ordered echelons – the higher the echelon, the more knowledge about interactivity the user should possess. Therefore, atlas interactive cartography should now be considered for many simultaneously operating systems and for many users. Examples of new operations of cartographic interactivity for new echelons of users are given: for expert-cartographers this is a dynamic change (i. e. during the operation of the system) of the cartographic method of modeling actuality, and for analysts, the model itself. A review of software solutions that are used to implement extended cartographic interactivity when creating a new generation of atlas systems has been completed. To prove the results, the methods of new relational cartography are used. In particular, the method of conceptual frameworks of atlas systems is used, which allows combining the methods of classical cartography and the methods of relational cartography into the system method of future system cartography. As examples of the paradigms of classical cartography, the communicative paradigm and growth perspective of R. Roth from the University of Wisconsin-Madison are chosen.

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PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.11.1.1 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

WARREN W. QUILLIAN

Keyword(s):

Social Progress ◽

Basic Principles ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

School Of Medicine ◽

The People ◽

Differences Of Opinion ◽

High Standards ◽

The Individual ◽

The University ◽

New Generation

Economic and social progress in our practice depends upon the sustained interest and the effort of the individual physician. Courage and faith are necessary foundations for action in this critical year of decision, and there is every reason to believe that the new generation of pediatricians has every qualification necessary to continue the quest for better health among children. His adventure in "practical idealism" will not be an easy one. But, fortified by the assurance of his noble heritage of accomplishment and adherence to high standards, he will accept the challenge of the future with a deep sense of responsibility. He will keep faith with those who have gone before, and attempt to retain the confidence and trust of the people as did our fathers, by holding high the banner of service. The price of success in this undertaking involves a determination to reach our objectives regardless of adverse circumstances, concentration on the immediate problems, and by long range plans for fulfilling our obligations to the children of America. Frustration and differences of opinion are inevitable. Changing conditions require flexibility in our adaptation to existing needs. Let us keep our eyes upon the stars, but our feet upon the ground! Our responsibilities are great. The Dean of the School of Medicine at the University of Wisconsin, Dr. William S. Middleton, recently stated the challenge in these words: "Make no small plans; they have no magic to stir man's soul!" Medicine progresses, even in a troubled world. Changes in governments, in laws and controls, have not interfered with this progress. Civilizations of the past have been destroyed by the decay and infamy and greed within their own structure. Let us renew our faith in the simple basic principles, which have characterized the growth and development of the Academy for 22 years.

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Addressing Map Interface Usability: Learning from the Lakeshore Nature Preserve Interactive Map

Cartographic Perspectives ◽

10.14714/cp60.231 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 46-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Robert E. Roth ◽

Mark Harrower

Keyword(s):

Web Design ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

Design Development ◽

Digital Maps ◽

Interactive Maps ◽

Nature Preserve ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

Interactive Map ◽

The University ◽

Interface Usability

These are exciting days for cartography, as emerging technologies have greatly expanded the possibilities of online, interactive maps. These developments, however, now require cartographers to think about issues that only a few years ago fell solely in the domains of human-computer interaction (HCI) and web design. Further, given how fast these changes have occurred, there are few tried-and-true guidelines for building digital maps. This paper reports on the design, development, and evaluation of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Lakeshore Nature Preserve Interactive Map (www.lakeshorepreserve.wisc.edu) and outlines many of the insights gleaned from this process. The purpose of this article is to strengthen the important bridge between cartography and usability evaluation (i.e., how we study the way in which users interact with their maps and how we measure the success of those interactions) so that the efforts of a team of developers and stakeholders can be coordinated in a way that ensures the map works equally well for all potential end users. We outline the relative merits of two broad categories of evaluation techniques, arguing that there is no single, correct evaluation technique appropriate for all evaluation scenarios, and then detail the specific strategy adopted for evaluation of the Lakeshore Nature Preserve Interactive Map. We conclude by offering four design guidelines for online, interactive maps revealed during the evaluation of the Lakeshore Nature Preserve Interactive Map: two positive strategies we recommend for consideration when designing map interfaces (inclusion of cascading interface complexity and provision of map browsing flexibility) and two pitfalls we caution to avoid (minimalist design of interface widgets and employment of a lorem ipsum map during development).

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Some Biological Applications of High Voltage Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051505 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 298-299

Author(s):

Hans Ris

Keyword(s):

High Voltage ◽

Chromosome Structure ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Good Resolution ◽

High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽

Voltage Electron ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

High Voltage Electron ◽

One Year ◽

The University

The High Voltage Electron Microscope Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin has been in operation a little over one year. I would like to give a progress report about our experience with this new technique. The achievement of good resolution with thick specimens has been mainly exploited so far. A cold stage which will allow us to look at frozen specimens and a hydration stage are now being installed in our microscope. This will soon make it possible to study undehydrated specimens, a particularly exciting application of the high voltage microscope.Some of the problems studied at the Madison facility are: Structure of kinetoplast and flagella in trypanosomes (J. Paulin, U. of Georgia); growth cones of nerve fibers (R. Hannah, U. of Georgia Medical School); spiny dendrites in cerebellum of mouse (Scott and Guillery, Anatomy, U. of Wis.); spindle of baker's yeast (Joan Peterson, Madison) spindle of Haemanthus (A. Bajer, U. of Oregon, Eugene) chromosome structure (Hans Ris, U. of Wisconsin, Madison). Dr. Paulin and Dr. Hanna are reporting their work separately at this meeting and I shall therefore not discuss it here.

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Ultrastructural characteristics of sporidia of Ustilago

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100155906 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 786-787

Author(s):

Patricia N. Hackney

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Type System ◽

Tube Formation ◽

High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽

Voltage Electron ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Ustilago Hordei ◽

Silene Alba ◽

The University

Ustilago hordei and Ustilago violacea are yeast-like basidiomycete pathogens ofHordeum vulgare and Silene alba respectively. The mating type system in both species of Ustilago is bipolar, with alleles, A,a, (U.hordei) and a1, a2 (U.violacea) at a single locus. Haploid sporidia maintain the asexual phase by budding, while the sexual phase is initiated by conjugation tube formation between the mating types during budding and conjugation.For observation of budding, sporidia were prepared by culturing the four types on YEG (yeast extract glucose) broth for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000g cells were either left unmated or mated in a1/a2,A/a combinations. The sporidia were then mixed 1:1 with 4% agar and the resulting 1mm cubes fixed in 8% gluteraldehyde and post fixed in osmium tetroxide. After dehydration and embedding cubes were thin sectioned with a LKB ultratome and photographed in a Zeiss 9s transmission electron microscope or in an AE1 electron microscope of MK11 1MEV at the High Voltage Electron Microscopy Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

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